Searching for a high efficiency and environmental benign reagent to leach ion-adsorption rare earths based on the zeta potential of clay particles

Yang, Lei; Wang, Dashan; Li, Cuicui; Sun, Yuanyuan; Zhou, Xuezhen; Li, Yongxiu

doi:10.1039/c8gc01569d

Cited by 44 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…When the cation concentrations were 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, and 0.25 mol/L, respectively, various rare earth leaching efficiencies and zeta potentials under different leaching conditions were shown in the above Figure 8. It can be seen from Figure 8 that the zeta potential of clay minerals had a curve relationship with the rare earth leaching efficiency, which conforms to the Quadratic function fitting of the curve Y = a + bX + cX 2 (Yang et al, 2018;Qiu et al, 2019); this was related to the characteristic adsorption between ions. Under the conditions of trivalent cations Al 3+ and Fe 3+ electrolyte solution, the leaching efficiency of rare earth decreased with the increase of zeta potential of clay mineral in the leaching process.…”

Section: Correlation Between Rare Earth Leaching Efficiency and Zeta supporting

confidence: 68%

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Effects of Ion Characteristics on the Leaching of Weathered Crust Elution-Deposited Rare Earth Ore

et al. 2020

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To reveal the ion-exchange mechanism in the leaching process of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores with different leaching agents, the effects of a variety of cations and anions at different concentrations on the leaching process were investigated, including Al3+, Fe3+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, NH4+ and Cl−, NO3-, and SO42-. Meanwhile, the relationships between different concentrations of cations and anions and leaching efficiency were investigated, as was the relationship between different concentrations of cations and anions and zeta potential. The effect of different ions on the swelling of clay minerals during leaching process was also investigated. The results shown that NH4+ was the most affected electrolyte cation in terms of rare earth leaching efficiency during the leaching process of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore among three different cationic valence states, and the leaching efficiency was 86.93% at the optimal leaching concentration. The influence of the three anions on the leaching efficiency of rare earth was NO3->Cl->SO42-, and the leaching efficiency of rare earth were 83.21, 81.52, and 80.12% at the optimal leaching concentration, respectively. The NH4+ had the greatest effect on the zeta potential of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore, and the zeta potential was −18.1 mV at the optimal leaching concentration. Additionally, the order of the effect of three anions on zeta potential was SO42->NO3->Cl-. Combined with the effect on the rare earth leaching process, anions and cations were considered separately, and NH4+ and Cl− were selected; the relationship between the rare earth leaching efficiency and zeta potential conforms to the follow equations: NH4+:Y = −0.48X2 – 13.51X – 1.58, R2 = 0.98133 and Cl−:Y= −1.22X2 – 17.64X + 23.29, R2 = 0.99010. It was also found in the swelling experiment of the weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore that the swelling ratio of clay minerals was the lowest when the cation and anion were NH4+ and Cl− and the swelling ratios were 1.874 and 2.015%, respectively.

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Section: Correlation Between Rare Earth Leaching Efficiency and Zeta supporting

confidence: 68%

“…The self-made leaching device was shown in Figure 2. The lixivium was collected into centrifuge tube from the bottom of the glass column, the rare earth content was analyzed by ICP-MS, and the rare earth leaching efficiency was calculated according to the follow formula (Yang et al, 2018):…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ion Characteristics on the Leaching of Weathered Crust Elution-Deposited Rare Earth Ore

et al. 2020

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“…The development of ICREO can solve the problem that bastnaesite and Baotou mixed rare earth ore can only produce light rare earth and lack medium and heavy rare earth elements [2]. According to the characteristics of the IEP-RE in ICREO being easily desorbed when encountering Na + , NH 4 + , and Mg 2+ and so on [5][6][7], a series of leaching agents and leaching technologies for ICREO have been put forward by scientists in China. Currently, rare earth is leached from ICREO by an in situ leaching process with ammonium sulfate leaching agent [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, with the increasing requirements of environmental protection, the problem of ammonia nitrogen pollution caused by ammonium sulfate has received increasing attention [8]. A series of strengthening leaching methods and new leaching agents have been developed to reduce or even eliminate the ammonia-nitrogen pollution in the leaching process [6,[9][10][11], among 2 of 17 which the MgSO 4 leaching agent, which was proposed by our team [9,12], can maintain the soil nutrients to reduce the dosage of calcium-magnesium fertilizer, and may be able to realize ecologically friendly leaching of ICREO [12,13]. Pilot-plant-scale tests using the MgSO 4 leaching agent are being conducted in Yongzhou city (in Hunan Province), Chongzuo city (in Guangxi Province), and Changting city (in Fujian Province).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaching Behaviors of Calcium and Aluminum from an Ionic Type Rare Earth Ore Using MgSO4 as Leaching Agent

Qiu

Rao

et al. 2021

Minerals

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During the leaching process of ionic rare earth ore (ICREO), ion-exchangeable phase calcium (IEP-Ca) and ion-exchangeable phase aluminum (IEP-Al) are leached along with rare earth, which causes many problems in the enrichment process, such as increasing the precipitant agent consumption and rare earth loss, etc. The agitation leaching kinetics and the column leaching mass transfer process of IEP-Ca and IEP-Al were studied to understand the leaching behavior of impurity in ICREO, which provides guides for the adjustment of the leaching process and to limit the co-leaching of impurities. IEP-Ca and IEP-Al were leached by ion exchange, with the leaching agent cations and the leaching kinetics described by an internal diffusion-controlled shrinking core model with an apparent activation energy of 8.97 kJ/mol and 10.48 kJ/mol, respectively. In addition, a significant reduction in the leaching efficiency of aluminum was caused by the hydrolysis reaction reinforced by the increase in MgSO4 concentration and temperature. The leaching kinetic data of IEP-Ca and IEP-Al was verified by the column leaching mass transfer process. There was a synchronous increase in the peak concentration of the outflow curve and leaching efficiency of calcium with the concentration of MgSO4 since IEP-Ca was easily leached. Therefore, as the leaching efficiency of calcium was already very high in the 0.20 mol/L MgSO4 leaching process, the leaching rate of calcium was limited by the leaching temperature and injection rate of MgSO4. For aluminum, the hydrolysis of Al3+ was promoted by increasing the MgSO4 concentration and the leaching temperature, thereby effectively reducing the content of aluminum in the leachate.

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“…The use of excessive ammonium sulfate has led to a large number of pollutants and the occurring of landslides. Therefore, aluminium sulfate, which is produced from aluminum containing slag, is put forward as a high efficiency and green leaching reagent [2][3][4]. Combined with the controlled heap leaching process and environmental engineering mode, a new generation of technology with high-efficiency, no-pollution, no RE loss has been proposed.…”

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confidence: 99%

Function, energy and environment orientation in innovation research of rare earth materials

Zhou

Liu

et al. 2019

Sci. China Technol. Sci.

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Searching for a high efficiency and environmental benign reagent to leach ion-adsorption rare earths based on the zeta potential of clay particles

Abstract: Aluminum sulfate is the best reagent for highly efficient and environmentally benign leaching of IAREs because of its specific adsorption towards CPs.

Cited by 44 publications

References 26 publications

Effects of Ion Characteristics on the Leaching of Weathered Crust Elution-Deposited Rare Earth Ore

Effects of Ion Characteristics on the Leaching of Weathered Crust Elution-Deposited Rare Earth Ore

Leaching Behaviors of Calcium and Aluminum from an Ionic Type Rare Earth Ore Using MgSO4 as Leaching Agent

Function, energy and environment orientation in innovation research of rare earth materials

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