Searching for undesirable disturbance: an application of the OSPAR eutrophication assessment method to marine waters of England and Wales

Foden, Jo; Devlin, Michelle; Mills, David K.; Malcolm, S.J.

doi:10.1007/s10533-010-9475-9

Cited by 41 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(73 reference statements)

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“…For the purposes of this paper, low oxygen concentration is defined as <4 mg l −1 . This is the threshold used by England and Wales in the OSPAR eutrophication assessment of their marine waters (Foden et al, 2010) and is based on the UK classification scheme to be used within the Water Framework Directive . However, a dissolved oxygen concentration of between 2 mg l −1 and 6 mg l −1 has been considered by some to be oxygen deficient (OSPAR, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of low bottom water oxygen concentrations in the North Sea; implications for monitoring and assessment of ecosystem health

et al. 2010

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Abstract. This paper presents new results from high temporal resolution observations over two years (2007 and 2008) from instrumented moorings deployed in the central North Sea, at the Oyster Grounds and on the northern slope of Dogger Bank (North Dogger). The water column was stratified in the summer at both sites, leading to limited exchange of the water in the bottom mixed layer. Data from these moorings revealed the variable nature of summer oxygen depletion at the Oyster Grounds. The combination of in situ and ship-based measurements allowed the physical and biological conditions leading to decreasing dissolved oxygen concentrations in bottom water to be examined. In 2007 and 2008, the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the bottom water at both sites was observed to decrease throughout the summer period after the onset of stratification. Depleted dissolved oxygen concentration (6.5 mg l −1 , 71% saturation) was measured at the North Dogger, a site which is not significantly influenced by anthropogenic nutrient inputs. Lower oxygen saturation (5.2 mg l −1 , 60% saturation) was measured for short durations at the Oyster Grounds. The seasonal increase in bottom water temperature accounted for 55% of the decrease in dissolved oxygen concentration at the Oyster Grounds compared to 10% at North Dogger.Dissolved oxygen concentration in bottom water at the Oyster Grounds was shown to be strongly influenced by short term events including storms and pulses of particulate organic matter input. In contrast, dissolved oxygen concentration in bottom water at the North Dogger reflected longer seaCorrespondence to: N. Greenwood (naomi.greenwood@cefas.co.uk) sonal processes such as a gradual temperature increase over the summer and a more steady supply of particulate organic matter to the bottom mixed layer. The differences between the study sites shows the need for an improved understanding of the mechanisms driving these processes if the use of oxygen in marine management and ensuring ecosystem health is to be meaningful and successful in the future. These high frequency observations provide greater understanding of the nature of the depletion in bottom oxygen concentration in the North Sea.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of low bottom water oxygen concentrations in the North Sea; implications for monitoring and assessment of ecosystem health

et al. 2010

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“…Parameters determined on such platforms include inorganic nutrients, sea surface salinity and temperature, chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, phytoplankton species, turbidity and the underwater light climate. These data are used within the OSPAR eutrophication assessment (Foden et al, 2011). In addition, these data have enabled better design of robust monitoring programmes (Heffernan et al, 2010), validation of models (Große et al, 2016;van der Molen et al, 2016) and satellite marine products (Neukermans et al, 2012), and for studying ecosystem behavior (Devlin et al, 2009;Blauw et al, 2012;Capuzzo et al, 2013Capuzzo et al, , 2015Johnson et al, 2013;Hull et al, 2016).…”

Section: Fixed Point Marine Observation Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Tools Used for Marine Monitoring in the UK: Combining Historic and Contemporary Methods with Modeling and Socioeconomics to Fulfill Legislative Needs and Scientific Ambitions

et al. 2017

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Marine environmental monitoring is undertaken to provide evidence that environmental management targets are being met. Moreover, monitoring also provides context to marine science and over the last century has allowed development of a critical scientific understanding of the marine environment and the impacts that humans are having on it. The seas around the UK are currently monitored by targeted, impact-driven, programmes (e.g., fishery or pollution based monitoring) often using traditional techniques, many of which have not changed significantly since the early 1900s. The advent of a new wave of automated technology, in combination with changing political and economic circumstances, means that there is currently a strong drive to move toward a more refined, efficient, and effective way of monitoring. We describe the policy and scientific rationale for monitoring our seas, alongside a comprehensive description of the types of equipment and methodology currently used and the technologies that are likely to be used in the future. We contextualize the way new technologies and methodologies may impact monitoring and discuss how whole ecosystems models can give an integrated, comprehensive approach to impact assessment. Furthermore, we discuss how an understanding of the value of each data point is crucial to assess the true costs and benefits to society of a marine monitoring programme.

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“…The north Norfolk coast of the UK and the southern coast of the Netherlands, where two of the farms under investigation 20 were located, are characterized by shallow water depths (<25 m), high winter nutrient concentrations (Hydes et al, 1999;Proctor et al, 2003;Foden et al, 2011;Laane, 2005;Troost et al, 2014), and high turbidity (Dyer and Moffatt, 1998;Bristow et al, 2013;Pietrzak et al, 2011;Van der Hout et al, 2015). In contrast to the north Norfolk coast, the Dutch coastal area has lower salinity, potential for episodic salinity stratification (De Ruyter et al, 1997), and a higher N/P ratio due to larger reductions in anthropogenic riverine phosphate loading since the late 1980's (Lenhart et al, 2010).…”

Section: Southern North Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling potential production and environmental effects of macroalgae farms in UK and Dutch coastal waters

Molen

Ruardij

Mooney

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract. There is increasing interest in macroalgae farming in European waters for a range of applications, including food, chemical extraction and as biofuels. This study uses a 3D numerical model of hydrodynamics and biogeochemistry to investigate potential production and environmental effects of macroalgae farming in UK and Dutch coastal waters. The 15 model included four experimental farms in different coastal settings in Strangford Lough (Northern Ireland), in Sound of Kerrera and Lynn of Lorne (northwest Scotland), and in the Rhine Plume (The Netherlands), as well as a hypothetical largescale farm off the UK north Norfolk coast. The model could not detect significant changes in biogeochemistry and plankton dynamics at any of the farm sites averaged over the farming season. The results showed a range of macroalgae growth behaviours in response to simulated environmental conditions. These were then compared with in-situ observations where 20 available, showing good correspondence for some farms and less good correspondence for others. At the most basic level, macroalgae production depended on prevailing nutrient concentrations and light conditions, with higher levels of both resulting in higher macroalgae production. It is shown that under non-elevated and interannually varying winter nutrient conditions, farming success was modulated by the timings of the onset of increasing nutrient concentrations in autumn and nutrient drawdown in spring. Macroalgae carbohydrate content also depended on nutrient concentrations, with higher 25 nutrient concentrations leading to lower carbohydrate content at harvest. This will reduce the energy density of the crop and so affect its suitability for conversion into biofuel. For the hypothetical large-scale macroalgae farm off the UK north Norfolk coast the model suggested high, stable farm yields of macroalgae from year to year with substantial carbohydrate content and limited environmental effects.

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Searching for undesirable disturbance: an application of the OSPAR eutrophication assessment method to marine waters of England and Wales

Cited by 41 publications

References 50 publications

Detection of low bottom water oxygen concentrations in the North Sea; implications for monitoring and assessment of ecosystem health

Detection of low bottom water oxygen concentrations in the North Sea; implications for monitoring and assessment of ecosystem health

A Review of the Tools Used for Marine Monitoring in the UK: Combining Historic and Contemporary Methods with Modeling and Socioeconomics to Fulfill Legislative Needs and Scientific Ambitions

Modelling potential production and environmental effects of macroalgae farms in UK and Dutch coastal waters

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