Seasonal acclimation in sudomotor function evaluated by QSART in healthy humans

Shin, Young Oh; Lee, Jeong‐Beom; Kim, Jeong-Ho

doi:10.4196/kjpp.2016.20.5.499

Cited by 9 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Based on previously reported data (42), a power calculation (G ϫ Power 3.1.9.2) suggested that a minimum of six participants were required to demonstrate a significant difference in the absolute esophageal temperature achieved following 60 min of uncompensable heat stress before (38.6 Ϯ 0.1°C) and following heat acclimation (38.4 Ϯ 0.1°C) in physically active individuals, with ␤and ␣-values equal to 0.95 and 0.05, respectively. All participants commenced the study during the winter months to mitigate any potential influence of partial acclimation associated with seasonal variation (50,55). A total of eight people (six men, two women, age: 27.6 Ϯ 6.0 yr) completed the study.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoregulatory adaptations with progressive heat acclimation are predominantly evident in uncompensable, but not compensable, conditions

Ravanelli

Coombs

Imbeault

et al. 2019

Journal of Applied Physiology

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This study assessed whether, notwithstanding lower resting absolute core temperatures, alterations in time-dependent changes in thermoregulatory responses following partial and complete heat acclimation (HA) are only evident during uncompensable heat stress. Eight untrained individuals underwent 8 wk of aerobic training (i.e., partial HA) followed by 6 days of HA in 38°C/65% relative humidity (RH) (i.e., complete HA). On separate days, esophageal temperature (Tes), arm (LSRarm), and back (LSRback) sweat rate, and whole body sweat rate (WBSR) were measured during a 45-min compensable (37°C/30% RH) and 60-min uncompensable (37°C/60% RH) heat stress trial pre-training (PRE-TRN), post-training (POST-TRN), and post–heat acclimation (POST-HA). For compensable heat stress trials, resting Tes was lower POST-TRN (36.74 ± 0.27°C, P = 0.05) and POST-HA (36.60 ± 0.27°C, P = 0.001) compared with PRE-TRN (36.99 ± 0.19°C); however, ΔTes was similar in all trials (PRE-TRN:0.40 ± 0.23°C; POST-TRN:0.42 ± 0.20°C; POST-HA:0.43 ± 0.12°C, P = 0.97). While LSRback was unaltered by HA ( P = 0.94), end-exercise LSRarm was higher POST-TRN (0.70 ± 0.14 mg·cm−2·min−1, P < 0.001) and POST-HA (0.75 ± 0.16 mg·cm−2·min−1, P < 0.001) compared with PRE-TRN (0.61 ± 0.15 mg·cm−2·min−1). Despite matched evaporative heat balance requirements, steady-state WBSR (31st–45th min) was greater POST-TRN (12.7 ± 1.0 g/min, P = 0.02) and POST-HA (12.9 ± 0.8 g/min, P = 0.004), compared with PRE-TRN (11.7 ± 0.9 g/min). For uncompensable heat stress trials, resting Tes was lower POST-TRN (36.77 ± 0.22°C, P = 0.05) and POST-HA (36.62 ± 0.15°C, P = 0.03) compared with PRE-TRN (36.86 ± 0.24°C). But ΔTes was smaller POST-TRN (0.77 ± 0.19°C, P = 0.05) and POST-HA (0.75 ± 0.15°C, P = 0.04) compared with PRE-TRN (1.10 ± 0.32°C). LSRback and LSRarm increased with HA ( P < 0.007), supporting the greater WBSR with HA (POST-TRN:14.4 ± 2.4 g/min, P < 0.001; POST-HA:16.8 ± 2.8 g/min, P < 0.001) compared with PRE-TRN (12.7 ± 3.2 g/min). In conclusion, the thermal benefits of HA are primarily evident when conditions challenge the physiological capacity to dissipate heat. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We demonstrate that neither partial nor complete heat acclimation alters the change in core temperature during compensable heat stress compared with an unacclimated state, despite a marginally greater whole body sweat rate. However, the greater local and whole body sweat rate with partial and complete heat acclimation reduced the rise in core temperature during 60 min of uncompensable heat stress compared with an unacclimated state, suggesting the improvements in heat dissipation associated with heat acclimation are best observed when the upper physiological limits for evaporative heat loss are challenged.

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Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoregulatory adaptations with progressive heat acclimation are predominantly evident in uncompensable, but not compensable, conditions

Ravanelli

Coombs

Imbeault

et al. 2019

Journal of Applied Physiology

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“…The sweating responses of individuals living in Japan are more pronounced in summer than in winter 18 . The changes in sweating activity measured by the QSART con rmed the involvement of the peripheral nervous system in altering sudomotor activity during seasonal acclimation 19 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…31 The changes in sweating activity measured by the QSART confirmed the involvement of the peripheral nervous system in altering sudomotor activity during seasonal acclimation. 32 In this study, we assessed both sweating ability and its association with the clinical severity of Raynaud's symptoms in patients with SCTDs. We found that none of the disease groups showed an apparent decrease in sweat volume compared to healthy participants (Table S1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of sweating responses in patients with systemic connective tissue disorders using the quantitative sudomotor axon reflex test

Ashida

Morimoto

Yozaki

et al. 2022

J Cutaneous Imm & Allergy

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In systemic connective tissue disorders (SCTDs), eccrine sweat glands are frequently attacked by immune cells, as evidenced by pathological observations. Sweating re ects vascular activity through the autonomic nervous system, while few studies have reported sweating ability in SCTDs or the relationship between sweating ability and Raynaud's phenomenon caused by sympathetic hyperreactivity. We performed the quantitative sudomotor axon re ex test on 85 patients diagnosed with systemic sclerosis, mixed connective tissue disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren's syndrome, and dermatomyositis. Evaluations were performed once in summer and once in winter. We investigated the relationship of the axon re ex sweat volume and the reaction time to Raynaud's phenomenon, skin symptoms, and patient background. Most patients did not show a decrease in sweating compared to healthy participants, but patients with systemic sclerosis who were positive for anti-RNA polymerase III antibodies showed little or no sweating. One in three patients showed less sweating in summer than in winter, which is the opposite of the normal seasonal variation. Although no relationship was observed between the sweat volume and the total Raynaud's condition scores, patients with pain had more sweating than those without pain. These results suggested the possible utility of measuring sweating on autonomic peripheral circulatory disorders.

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“…QSART was performed in the similar method as used in previous studies (17,(30)(31)(32). For quantification of sweat secretion by QSART, 10% ACh chloride solution was used as a neurotransmitter.…”

Section: Quantitative Sudomotor Axon Reflex Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coffee intake may promote sudomotor function activation via the contribution of caffeine

et al. 2022

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ObjectivesTo determine whether drinking coffee with caffeine accelerates the sympathetic response to acetylcholine (ACh).MethodsTests were performed twice at 1-week intervals following the intake of coffee. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups: Group A was administered 16 fluid oz of water (CON), while Group B was given 16 fluid oz of coffee (Coffee). After 1 week, Group A was administered 16 fluid oz of coffee (Coffee), while Group B was given 16 fluid oz of water (CON). The quantitative sudomotor axon reflex test (QSART) was performed after intake of coffee and water and a 40 min break. QSART with iontophoresis and 10% ACh was performed to determine axon reflex (AXR) mediated with and without iontophoresis [AXR (1) and AXR (2), respectively], and directly activated sweating (DIR).ResultsThe sweat onset time of the AXR was shorter in the Coffee compared with the CON (p < 0.05). The sweat rates in AXR (1) AXR (2) and DIR were significantly higher in the Coffee than in the CON (p < 0.05, p < 0.05, p < 0.01, respectively). In addition, the Coffee showed significantly higher density of activated sweat glands and activated sweat gland output than the CON (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, respectively). The overall results of this study showed that coffee intake could stimulate higher activation in both AXR and DIR sweat responses.ConclusionCoffee intake can improve sweating sensitivity in both the AXR and DIR by the contribution of caffeine contained in coffee. This suggests that other compounds in coffee may not inhibit the sympathetic response to ACh. Therefore, coffee may be clinically worth considering as a supplement for the activation of the cholinergic and sudomotor function.

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Seasonal acclimation in sudomotor function evaluated by QSART in healthy humans

Cited by 9 publications

References 34 publications

Thermoregulatory adaptations with progressive heat acclimation are predominantly evident in uncompensable, but not compensable, conditions

Thermoregulatory adaptations with progressive heat acclimation are predominantly evident in uncompensable, but not compensable, conditions

Evaluation of sweating responses in patients with systemic connective tissue disorders using the quantitative sudomotor axon reflex test

Coffee intake may promote sudomotor function activation via the contribution of caffeine

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