Seasonal and centennial cycles of carbonate mineralisation during the past 2500 years from varved sediment in Lake Shira, South Siberia

Disturbance of meromixis in saline Lake Shira (Siberia, Russia): Possible reasons and ecosystem response

“…the setting of meromixis at that time (Zykov et al, 2012;Kalugin et al, 2013 to meromixis (Hammer, 1994). In addition, our results proved that the annual 545 processes of formation and melting of the ice cover also support the meromixis.…”

Tracing the North Atlantic decadal-scale climate variability in a late Holocene pollen record from southern Siberia

“…1) retrieved in the ca. 24 m deep central part of Lake Shira in 2009 (see Kalugin et al, 2013 for technical details). After the core was split in two halves, the sediment was photographed (Fig.…”

“…microscopic varve counting and annual oscillations of Sr content revealed by the XRF analysis) and results of 137 Cs and 14 C dating . The model discussed in detail in the latter study has been applied by Kalugin et al (2013) to their geochemical records for discussion of sedimentation processes in Lake Shira and for reconstruction of seasonal and centennial cycles of carbonate accumulation and lake-level fluctuations during the past 2450 years. The published age-depth model was applied to the palynological record generated in the present study (Fig.…”

“…The mean July temperature averaged over the 30-year (1961-1990) interval is about 18°C and the mean January temperatures are about − 18 to − 20°C (New et al, 2002;Kalugin et al, 2013), though the interannual variability is rather high and extreme temperatures may rise up to 40°С in summer, causing droughts, and drop to −45°С in winter (Alpat'ev et al, 1976). Kalugin et al (2013 and references therein) reported that deep frost penetration could dam the underground water flow during cold periods and cause lake level drop.…”

A 850-year record climate and vegetation changes in East Siberia (Russia), inferred from geochemical and biological proxies of lake sediments

“…The elemental records from the shallow Lake Shira (East Siberia), located in forest-steppe landscapes ca. 800 km west of Lake Mountain, revealed strong decreasing in annual precipitation during 1437-1603 (Kalugin et al 2013).…”