Seasonal and Spatial Patterns of "Green Tides" (Ulvoid Algal Blooms) and Related Water Quality Parameters in the Coastal Waters of Washington State, USA

Nelson, Timothy A.; Nelson, Amorah V.; Tjoelker, Mark G.

doi:10.1515/bot.2003.024

Cited by 110 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The strong correlation with day length at Benencia Island could be explained by the positive relationship between this environmental parameter and biomass peaks of Ulva spp. (Nelson et al, 2003), although proliferation of Ulva sp. in the Galician rı´as was also caused by nutrient inputs from upwelling processes (Villares & Carballeira, 2004).…”

Section: Relationship Between the Mae¨rl-associated Flora And Environmentioning

confidence: 95%

Seasonal patterns in the maërl community of shallow European Atlantic beds and their use as a baseline for monitoring studies

Peña¹,

Bárbara²

2010

European Journal of Phycology

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A study of three shallow Atlantic mae¨rl beds (3-6 m depth) in NW Spain (Galicia) sampled beds every 1.5 months for a year. At each study site, temporal variation in the associated flora and two parameters, temperature and photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), were recorded in situ and means were calculated for each period. The range of mean periodic temperatures was 11.9-17.5 C, increasing in late spring-summer and decreasing to <12 C in winter. Mean PPFD was 24-160 mmol photons m À2 s À1 ; the maximum was recorded in spring (up to 571 mmol photons m À2 s À1 ). The variation in temperature and PPFD was correlated with seasonal changes in the flora. The composition of the associated flora at Benencia Island (Rı´a de Arousa) showed a strong correlation with day length while at Tambo Island (Rı´a de Pontevedra), it was correlated with temperature. A total of 127 species was recorded (in seven functional groups), annual algae being the most abundant group. The highest species richness and total percentage cover occurred in spring and summer, and the lowest in autumn and winter. Significant seasonal differences were detected at each site, particularly between summer and autumn-winter, due to variation in cover of the foliose species Ulva rigida and Dictyota dichotoma. We propose that future monitoring of European Atlantic mae¨rl beds should include several study areas and two sampling seasons (preferably summer and late autumn-winter).

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Section: Relationship Between the Mae¨rl-associated Flora And Environmentioning

confidence: 95%

Seasonal patterns in the maërl community of shallow European Atlantic beds and their use as a baseline for monitoring studies

Peña¹,

Bárbara²

2010

European Journal of Phycology

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“…These phenomena are not new, being reported from nutrient enriched waters in many of the world's temperate and tropical waters since the last century (e.g. Fletcher, 1996;Morand and Briand, 1996;Valiela et al, 1997;Nelson et al, 2003;Hiraoka et al, 2004;Merceron et al, 2007). However, what has characterised macroalgal blooms in the 21st century is the sheer scale of the blooms and their occurrence in coastal and offshore areas rather than just estuaries and embayments (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abiotic factors influencing biomass accumulation of green tide causing Ulva spp. on Pyropia culture rafts in the Yellow Sea, China

Keesing

Chen

Shi

et al. 2016

Marine Pollution Bulletin

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a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f oAnnually recurrent green-tides in the Yellow Sea have been shown to result from direct disposal into the sea of fouling Ulva from Pyropia aquaculture. The role abiotic factors play in Ulva biomass accumulation on rafts was studied to find ways to mitigate this problem. Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) was very high at all sites, but the highest Ulva biomass was associated with the lowest DIN and anthropogenic N. Under luxuriant background nutrient conditions, variability in temperature and periods of emersion, rather than pH, light and salinity determined Ulva biomass. Two dominant species of Ulva displayed differing tolerances to temperature and desiccation which helped explain why Ulva prolifera dominates floating green-tides. Rather than trying to mitigate greentides only by reducing nutrient pollution, an earlier harvest of Pyropia in southern Jiangsu Province especially before temperatures increase greatly above 10°C during April, could reduce the biomass of U. prolifera disposed from rafts.Crown

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“…However, evidence is mounting that the eutrophication paradigm does not hold true for estuaries adjacent to upwelling zones (Kentula & DeWitt 2003, Nelson et al 2003, Hessing-Lewis et al 2011. Although large increases in terrigenous nutrients could potentially increase the size and frequency of algal blooms, we did not find any correlation that suggested rainfall events (which could deliver nutrients via runoff) are driving the interannual patterns of Ulva.…”

Section: Interannual Variation Of Ulva Bloomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the northeastern Pacific region, significant interannual variation in the intensity of blooms occurs in some locations (Nelson et al 2003, Hessing-Lewis et al 2011), but it is not known to what extent this variation correlates with its effects on seagrass. Interand intra-annual variation in nutrients due to upwelling conditions could alter nutrient supply for blooms (Nelson et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-year study of the effects of Ulva sp. blooms on eelgrass Zostera marina

Olyarnik

Stachowicz²

2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Macroalgal blooms have contributed to declines in foundation species such as corals and seagrasses across the globe. Most studies of macroalgal bloom effects on seagrasses focus on the short-term effects, and have been conducted in locations that already begun the shift to macroalgal dominance, usually due to eutrophication. Our goal was to determine the degree to which the timing and magnitude of ephemeral, green macroalgal blooms (Ulva sp.) vary in Bodega Bay, California, USA, where there is little evidence for eutrophication, and how such blooms affect eelgrass Zostera marina. Over 38 mo, we conducted (1) an unmanipulated control treatment, and 3 manipulative treatments: (2) Ulva removal, (3) ambient Ulva, and (4) doubleambient Ulva ('2×'). We observed 4 blooms of varying magnitude and duration, ranging from < 0.5 to > 4 kg m −2. It was only during the largest bloom in 2006 (peak density 8 times that of the smallest observed bloom) that we saw a significant effect on eelgrass, resulting in declines in shoot density of > 50% that persisted for 4 to 6 mo. During this time, the 2× treatment reduced shoot biomass by up to 90%, an effect that persisted for up to 9 mo. Ulva did not affect rates of individual shoot growth, reproductive shoot density, epiphyte load, or sediment organic content at any time during the experiment, suggesting the effect occurs through shoot mortality and reduced shoot production. Interannual variation in the magnitude timing and duration of algal blooms is large and can dramatically alter the effects of blooms on eelgrass. These factors must be considered when interpreting the results of experimental algal additions.

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Seasonal and Spatial Patterns of "Green Tides" (Ulvoid Algal Blooms) and Related Water Quality Parameters in the Coastal Waters of Washington State, USA

Cited by 110 publications

References 33 publications

Seasonal patterns in the maërl community of shallow European Atlantic beds and their use as a baseline for monitoring studies

Seasonal patterns in the maërl community of shallow European Atlantic beds and their use as a baseline for monitoring studies

Abiotic factors influencing biomass accumulation of green tide causing Ulva spp. on Pyropia culture rafts in the Yellow Sea, China

Multi-year study of the effects of Ulva sp. blooms on eelgrass Zostera marina

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