Seasonal and spatial patterns of heterotrophic bacterial production, respiration, and biomass in the subarctic NE Pacific

Sherry, Nelson D.; Boyd, Philip W.; Sugimoto, Kugako; Harrison, Paul J.

doi:10.1016/s0967-0645(99)00076-4

Cited by 65 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…We estimated BGE and BCD using the empirical model of Rivkin & Legendre (2002), which relates BGE with water temperature. The estimated BR represented an average of 60% of total community respiration, which lies within the range of values derived from size-fractionated respiration measurements (Robinson et al 1999, Sherry et al 1999, review: Williams 2000. The DOC supply of microplankton was sufficient to support the estimated BCD, except in May and September 1999.…”

Section: Carbon Flow Through Plankton Community: Importance Of Microbsupporting

confidence: 67%

Plankton carbon budget in a coastal wind-driven upwelling station off A Coruña (NW Iberian Peninsula)

Teira¹,

Abalde²,

Alvarez-Ossorio³

et al. 2003

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Section: Carbon Flow Through Plankton Community: Importance Of Microbsupporting

confidence: 67%

Plankton carbon budget in a coastal wind-driven upwelling station off A Coruña (NW Iberian Peninsula)

Teira¹,

Abalde²,

Alvarez-Ossorio³

et al. 2003

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…2b; 50°N, 145°W) and Sherry et al (1999) along Line P (130-145°W, 49-50°N: see excluding Stn P4, which is nearest the coast.…”

Section: Data Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BP estimates are taken from thymidine and leucine incorporation rates as reported in the original studies using empirically determined conversion factors for each study. BGE estimates are provided by Sherry et al (1999) from direct estimates of BP and BR. We use the mean of Sherry et al 's (1999) BGE data in our analysis and the overall mean BP from Sherry et al 's (1999) and Kirchman's (1992) studies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial loop carbon cycling in ocean environments studied using a simple steady-state model

Anderson¹,

Ducklow²

2001

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

108

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A simple steady-state model is used to examine the microbial loop as a pathway for organic C in marine systems, constrained by observed estimates of bacterial to primary production ratio (BP:PP) and bacterial growth efficiency (BGE). Carbon sources (primary production including extracellular release of dissolved organic carbon, DOC), cycling via zooplankton grazing and viral lysis, and sinks (bacterial and zooplankton respiration) are represented. Model solutions indicate that, at least under near steady-state conditions, recent estimates of BP:PP of about 0.1 to 0.15 are consistent with reasonable scenarios of C cycling (low BGE and phytoplankton extracellular release) at open ocean sites such as the Sargasso Sea and subarctic North Pacific. The finding that bacteria are a major (50%) sink for primary production is shown to be consistent with the best estimates of BGE and dissolved organic matter (DOM) production by zooplankton and phytoplankton. Zooplankton-related processes are predicted to provide the greatest supply of DOC for bacterial consumption. The bacterial contribution to C flow in the microbial loop, via bacterivory and viral lysis, is generally low, as a consequence of low BGE. Both BP and BGE are hard to quantify accurately. By indicating acceptable combinations of parameter values for given BP:PP, the model provides a simple tool for examining the reliability of BP and BGE estimates. KEY WORDS: Microbial loop · Bacterial production · BGE · Models · DOC · Extracellular release Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherAquat Microb Ecol 26: [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49] 2001 However a recent literature review of BGE in open ocean areas by del Giorgio & Cole (2000) indicates a mean value of 0.15. Replacing the BGE of 0.45 with a BGE of 0.15 in the above calculation gives a BCD:PP of 1.33, which at face value would suggest that in excess of 100% of PP passes through the microbial loop.A number of factors should be taken into consideration when analyzing C flows in this way. Firstly, BP, and hence also BCD, are not constrained by PP, because each C atom can be cycled any number of times around the microbial loop before being respired. Indeed it is possible to construct food-web scenarios in which BP exceeds the input of organic C if growth efficiencies of bacteria and zooplankton are sufficiently high (Strayer 1988). In contrast bacterial respiration (BR), in conjunction with zooplankton respiration (ZR), cannot exceed the supply of organic C. Secondly, alternate sources of organic C should be considered. Most routine 14 C-primary production measurements do not include estimates of the extracellular production of organic carbon (EOC) by exudation or leakage (Bjørnsen 1988), which is an additional source of C for bacteria. There is little consensus on the magnitude and factors controlling EOC in aquatic systems. Expressed as a percentage of extracellular release (PER), this source of DOC typically accounts for about 10% of total pr...

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“…It may be calculated as the ratio between the bacterial production and the bacterial growth efficiency (BC = BP/BGE = (BP + BR)/BGE). The estimation of BC fluxes relies, however, on assumed factors that are highly uncertain: (i) the ratio of leucine incorporation to bacterial production, which may range from <1 to 20 Kg C mol −1 leucine (Kirchman et al 1985;Simon et al 1992;Gasol et al 1998;Sherry et al 1999), and (ii) the bacterial growth efficiency (BGE = BP/(BP + BR)), which ranges from 2% to 70% in surface waters of aquatic habitats (del Giorgio and Cole 2000), with no published estimates available for the mesopelagic oceanic waters. Hence the estimates of respiration rates derived from bacterial carbon flux in the dark ocean are highly sensitive to poorly constrained conversion factors and, provided these are not rigorously established, must be considered with some degree of caution.…”

Section: Measured Rates Of Bacterial Carbon Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiration in the mesopelagic and bathypelagic zones of the oceans

Arı́stegui¹,

Agustı́²,

Middelburg³

et al. 2005

Respiration in Aquatic Ecosystems

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OutlineIn this chapter the mechanisms of transport and remineralization of organic matter in the dark water-column and sediments of the oceans are reviewed. We compare the different approaches to estimate respiration rates, and discuss the discrepancies obtained by the different methodologies. Finally, a respiratory carbon budget is produced for the dark ocean, which includes vertical and lateral fluxes of organic matter. In spite of the uncertainties inherent in the different approaches to estimate carbon fluxes and oxygen consumption in the dark ocean, estimates vary only by a factor of 1.5. Overall, direct measurements of respiration, as well as indirect approaches, converge to suggest a total dark ocean respiration of 1.5-1.7 Pmol C a −1 . Carbon mass balances in the dark ocean suggest that the dark ocean receives 1.5-1.6 Pmol C a −1 , similar to the estimated respiration, of which >70% is in the form of sinking particles. Almost all the organic matter (∼92%) is remineralized in the water column, the burial in sediments accounts for <1%. Mesopelagic (150-1000 m) respiration accounts for ∼70% of dark ocean respiration, with average integrated rates of 3-4 mol C m −2 a −1 , 6-8 times greater than in the bathypelagic zone (∼0.5 mol C m −2 a −1 ). The results presented here renders respiration in the dark ocean a major component of the carbon flux in the biosphere, and should promote research in the dark ocean, with the aim of better constraining the role of the biological pump in the removal and storage of atmospheric carbon dioxide.

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Seasonal and spatial patterns of heterotrophic bacterial production, respiration, and biomass in the subarctic NE Pacific

Cited by 65 publications

References 49 publications

Plankton carbon budget in a coastal wind-driven upwelling station off A Coruña (NW Iberian Peninsula)

Plankton carbon budget in a coastal wind-driven upwelling station off A Coruña (NW Iberian Peninsula)

Microbial loop carbon cycling in ocean environments studied using a simple steady-state model

Respiration in the mesopelagic and bathypelagic zones of the oceans

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