Seasonal Animal Migrations and the Arctic: Ecology, Diversity, and Spread of Infectious Agents

Varpe, Øystein; Bauer, Silke

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-87853-5_3

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…This could be done by weighting edges with biomass to address energy, nutrient, and contaminant exchanges or by weighting edges with abundance to address parasite and disease exchanges and trophic effects. Since migratory species are important vectors of parasites and diseases (Tian et al, 2015;Viana et al, 2016;Varpe and Bauer, 2022), there may be interest in using community migration networks to address how these spread between distant regions of the globe through a common focal site used by multiple migratory species. Combining ecological (food webs, plantpollinators and host-parasites) and migration networks within a single framework would allow a better representation of the net effects of perturbations in meta-communities maintained by migrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling migrations to communities: An empirical case of migration network in the Arctic

Moisan

Gravel²,

Legagneux³

et al. 2023

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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Seasonal migrants transport energy, nutrients, contaminants, parasites and diseases, while also connecting distant food webs between communities and ecosystems, which contributes to structuring meta-communities and meta-ecosystems. However, we currently lack a framework to characterize the structure of the spatial connections maintained by all migratory species reproducing or wintering in a given community. Here, we use a network approach to represent and characterize migratory pathways at the community level and provide an empirical description of this pattern from a High-Arctic terrestrial community. We define community migration networks as multipartite networks representing different biogeographic regions connected with a focal community through the seasonal movements of its migratory species. We focus on the Bylot Island High-Arctic terrestrial community, a summer breeding ground for several migratory species. We define the non-breeding range of each species using tracking devices, or range maps refined by flyways and habitat types. We show that the migratory species breeding on Bylot Island are found across hundreds of ecoregions on several continents during the non-breeding period and present a low spatial overlap. The migratory species are divided into groups associated with different sets of ecoregions. The non-random structure observed in our empirical community migration network suggests evolutionary and geographic constraints as well as ecological factors act to shape migrations at the community level. Overall, our study provides a simple and generalizable framework as a starting point to better integrate migrations at the community level. Our framework is a far-reaching tool that could be adapted to address the seasonal transport of energy, contaminants, parasites and diseases in ecosystems, as well as trophic interactions in communities with migratory species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%