Seasonal Changes in Microbial Dissolved Organic Sulfur Transformations in Coastal Waters

Dixon, Joanna L.; Hopkins, Frances E.; Stephens, John A.; Schäfer, Hendrik

doi:10.3390/microorganisms8030337

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Measurements of DMS yield [80][81][82][83] vary widely (1-45%) depending on the region and the seasonal stage of the phytoplankton growth cycle. We note that DMS can also be produced by bacterial reduction of DMSO, the conversion by-product of DMS due to photolytic or bacterial oxidation [84], however the amount of DMS produced via this process does not seem to be significant [85].…”

Section: Role Of Heterotrophic Organismsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Climate Change Impacts on the Marine Cycling of Biogenic Sulfur: A Review

Jackson

Gabric

2022

Microorganisms

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A key component of the marine sulfur cycle is the climate-active gas dimethylsulfide (DMS), which is synthesized by a range of organisms from phytoplankton to corals, and accounts for up to 80% of global biogenic sulfur emissions. The DMS cycle starts with the intracellular synthesis of the non-gaseous precursor dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), which is released to the water column by various food web processes such as zooplankton grazing. This dissolved DMSP pool is rapidly turned over by microbially mediated conversion using two known pathways: demethylation (releasing methanethiol) and cleavage (producing DMS). Some of the formed DMS is ventilated to the atmosphere, where it undergoes rapid oxidation and contributes to the formation of sulfate aerosols, with the potential to affect cloud microphysics, and thus the regional climate. The marine phase cycling of DMS is complex, however, as heterotrophs also contribute to the consumption of the newly formed dissolved DMS. Interestingly, due to microbial consumption and other water column sinks such as photolysis, the amount of DMS that enters the atmosphere is currently thought to be a relatively minor fraction of the total amount cycled through the marine food web—less than 10%. These microbial processes are mediated by water column temperature, but the response of marine microbial assemblages to ocean warming is poorly characterized, although bacterial degradation appears to increase with an increase in temperature. This review will focus on the potential impact of climate change on the key microbially mediated processes in the marine cycling of DMS. It is likely that the impact will vary across different biogeographical regions from polar to tropical. For example, in the rapidly warming polar oceans, microbial communities associated with the DMS cycle will likely change dramatically during the 21st century with the decline in sea ice. At lower latitudes, where corals form an important source of DMS (P), shifts in the microbiome composition have been observed during thermal stress with the potential to alter the DMS cycle.

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Section: Role Of Heterotrophic Organismsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Climate Change Impacts on the Marine Cycling of Biogenic Sulfur: A Review

Jackson

Gabric

2022

Microorganisms

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“…Some studies showed that it could be directly synthesized in marine phytoplankton cells (Simó et al, 1998;Lee et al, 1999). A recent study suggested that dissimilation of dissolved DMSO (DMSO d ) to carbon dioxide can be a significant loss pathway in coastal waters (Dixon et al, 2020). Both DMSP and DMSO exert similar intracellular functions (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both DMSP and DMSO exert similar intracellular functions (e.g. cryoprotection and antioxidation) in phytoplankton cells (Simó et al, 1998;Sunda et al, 2002) and can support bacterial carbon and sulfur demand (Simó et al, 2002;Dixon et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimethylated sulfur compounds in the Peruvian upwelling system

et al. 2022

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Abstract. Our understanding of the biogeochemical cycling of the climate-relevant trace gas dimethyl sulfide (DMS) in the Peruvian upwelling system is still limited. Here we present oceanic and atmospheric DMS measurements which were made during two shipborne cruises in December 2012 (M91) and October 2015 (SO243) in the Peruvian upwelling region. Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were also measured during M91. DMS concentrations were 1.9 ± 0.9 and 2.5 ± 1.9 nmol L−1 in surface waters in October 2015 and December 2012, respectively. Nutrient availability appeared to be the main driver of the observed variability in the surface DMS distributions in the coastal areas. DMS, DMSP, and DMSO showed maxima in the surface layer, and no elevated concentrations associated with the oxygen minimum zone off Peru were measured. The possible role of DMS, DMSP, and DMSO as radical scavengers (stimulated by nitrogen limitation) is supported by their negative correlations with N:P (sum of nitrate and nitrite : dissolved phosphate) ratios. Large variations in atmospheric DMS mole fractions were measured during M91 (144.6 ± 95.0 ppt) and SO243 (91.4 ± 55.8 ppt); however, the atmospheric mole fractions were generally low, and the sea-to-air flux was primarily driven by seawater DMS. The Peruvian upwelling region was identified as a source of atmospheric DMS in December 2012 and October 2015. However, in comparison to the previous measurements in the adjacent regions, the Peru upwelling was a moderate source of DMS emissions at either time (M91: 5.9 ± 5.3 µmol m−2 d−1; SO243: 3.8 ± 2.7 µmol m−2 d−1).

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“…To this end, several time-series studies of DMS from different open ocean and coastal sites, such as the North Sea, the Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean, have been conducted during the past years (see e.g. (Turner et al, 1996;Dacey et al, 1998;Shenoy and Patil, 2003;Vila-Costa et al, 2008;Dixon et al, 2020). However, the distributions and cycling of sulphur compounds in the Baltic Sea are still largely unknown, and only a few studies of DMS were carried out in the Baltic Sea (Leck et al, 1990;Leck and Rodhe, 1991;Orlikowska and Schulz-Bull, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A decade of dissolved sulphur compounds measurements in the southwestern Baltic Sea

Zhao

Schlundt

Booge

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Dissolved sulphur compounds were measured at the Boknis Eck Time-Series Station (BE, Eckernförde Bay, SW Baltic Sea) during the period February 2009–December 2018. Our results show considerable interannual and seasonal variabilities in the mixed layer concentrations of dimethyl sulphide (DMS), total dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSPt) and total dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSOt). Positive correlations were found between particulate DMSP (DMSPp) and particulate DMSO (DMSOp) as well as DMSPt and DMSOt in the mixed layer, suggesting a similar source for both compounds. The decreasing long-term trends, observed for DMSPt and DMS in the mixed layer, were linked to the concurrent trend of the sum of 19'-hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin and 19'-butanoyloxy fucoxanthin, which are the marker pigments of prymnesiophyceae and chrysophytes, respectively. Major Baltic Inflow (MBI) events influenced the distribution of sulphur compounds due to phytoplankton community changes, and sediment might be a potential source for DMS in the bottom layer during seasonal hypoxia/anoxia at BE. A modified algorithm based on the phytoplankton pigments well reproduces the DMSPp : Chl a ratios during this study and could be used to estimate future surface (5 m) DMSPp concentrations at BE.

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Seasonal Changes in Microbial Dissolved Organic Sulfur Transformations in Coastal Waters

Cited by 12 publications

References 88 publications

Climate Change Impacts on the Marine Cycling of Biogenic Sulfur: A Review

Climate Change Impacts on the Marine Cycling of Biogenic Sulfur: A Review

Dimethylated sulfur compounds in the Peruvian upwelling system

A decade of dissolved sulphur compounds measurements in the southwestern Baltic Sea

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