Seasonal changes in phytoplankton on the north-eastern shelf of Kangaroo Island (South Australia) in 2012 and 2013

Balzano, Sergio; Ellis, Amanda; Lan, Charlotte Le; Leterme, Sophie C.

doi:10.1016/j.oceano.2015.04.003

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…H. rotundata can form large blooms (Seong et al ; Balzano et al ; Millette et al ). Now that we have robust estimates of how many bacteria an individual H. rotundata cell is capable of ingesting per hour and what controls their ingestion rates, the next step is to understand how H. rotundata blooms impact the bacteria community and nutrient cycling in the microbial loop.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One particular species, Heterocapsa rotundata (Lohmann) Loeblich (Hansen 1995), is ubiquitous and occasionally forms large blooms. H. rotundata has been reported in a range of environments all over the world including Chesapeake Bay, U.S.A. (Millette et al 2015), Keum Estuary, South Korea (Seong et al 2006), Manori Creek and Manim Bay, India (Shahi et al 2015), Baltic Sea, Germany (Jaschinski et al 2015), and Kangaroo Island, Australia (Balzano et al 2015). H. rotundata tends to either dominate or be a prominent part of the phytoplankton community for at least part of the year in some of these areas (Seong et al 2006;Balzano et al 2015;Millette et al 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Mixotrophy in Heterocapsa rotundata: A mechanism for dominating the winter phytoplankton

Millette

Pierson

Aceves

et al. 2016

Limnology & Oceanography

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Heterocapsa rotundata is a mixotrophic dinoflagellate that can ingest picoplankton, including bacteria, and is known to form large blooms in temperate estuaries during wet winters, particularly when grazing pressure on phytoplankton is low. We hypothesized that phagotrophy gives H. rotundata an advantage over other phytoplankton species during low light conditions. We used laboratory and field experiments to investigate changes in phagotrophy by H. rotundata in response to changes in light availability. Prey removal experiments with a non-axenic culture of H. rotundata were used to determine changes in H. rotundata's ingestion rates in response to changes in irradiance. Fluorescent microspheres were used to measure in situ ingestion rates of H. rotundata collected on 20 different occasions from the Choptank River during the winter of 2016. In situ H. rotundata ingestion rates were tested for correlation with inorganic nutrient concentrations and irradiance levels. Ingestion rates measured with cultured and in situ H. rotundata followed similar patterns and ingestion rates increased as irradiance decreased. H. rotundata has the potential to obtain nutrients from multiple nutrient sources, switching from phototrophy to partial heterotrophy as irradiance decreases. This response may allow H. rotundata to survive and to potentially form blooms when growth rates of most other estuarine phytoplankton species is low.Heterocapsa is a genus of dinoflagellates that contains numerous bloom forming and toxic species (Salas et al. 2014). One particular species, Heterocapsa rotundata (Lohmann) Loeblich (Hansen 1995), is ubiquitous and occasionally forms large blooms. H. rotundata has been reported in a range of environments all over the world including Chesapeake Bay, U. . H. rotundata tends to either dominate or be a prominent part of the phytoplankton community for at least part of the year in some of these areas (Seong et al. 2006;Balzano et al. 2015;Millette et al. 2015). Yet, relatively few studies have focused on the ecology of H. rotundata.Some studies have focused on the formation and decline of H. rotundata winter blooms in Chesapeake Bay tributaries (Cohen 1985; Sellner et al. 1991;Millette et al. 2015). These researchers found abundant H. rotundata blooms in wet, cold winters when salinity is low (Cohen 1985) and when there is a release in grazing pressure from microzooplankton and copepods (Millette et al. 2015). Although wet, cold winters and a release in grazing pressure are factors that impact every phytoplankton species, it is unknown how H. rotundata can take advantage of these conditions over other species to bloom. One possibility is that H. rotundata may use their capacity as a mixotroph to overcome light limitation. This would give H. rotundata an advantage over other phytoplankton in the winter. H. rotundata has been shown to consume heterotrophic bacteria, cyanobacteria such as Synechococcus, and small diatoms (Seong et al. 2006;Jeong et al. 2010). Their bacterial ingestion rate is known to incr...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Mixotrophy in Heterocapsa rotundata: A mechanism for dominating the winter phytoplankton

Millette

Pierson

Aceves

et al. 2016

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…In recent years, molecular methods have been widely employed to study phytoplankton communities in various environmental conditions ( Shi et al, 2011 ; Treusch et al, 2012 ; Kirkham et al, 2013 ; Agusti et al, 2015 ; Balzano et al, 2015 ; Liu et al, 2015 ). These molecular methods generally include the amplicon sequencing-based detection technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight Into the Pico- and Nano-Phytoplankton Communities in the Deepest Biosphere, the Mariana Trench

Guo

Liang

et al. 2018

Front. Microbiol.

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As photoautotrophs, phytoplankton are generally present in the euphotic zone of the ocean, however, recently healthy phytoplankton cells were found to be also ubiquitous in the dark deep sea, i.e., at water depths between 2000 and 4000 m. The distributions of phytoplankton communities in much deeper waters, such as the hadal zone, are unclear. In this study, the vertical distribution of the pico- and nano-phytoplankton (PN) communities from the surface to 8320 m, including the epipelagic, mesopelagic, bathypelagic, and hadal zones, were investigated via both 18S and p23S rRNA gene analysis in the Challenger Deep of the Mariana Trench. The results showed that Dinoflagellata, Chrysophyceae, Haptophyta, Chlorophyta, Prochloraceae, Pseudanabaenaceae, Synechococcaceae, and Eustigmatophyceae, etc., were the predominant PN in the Mariana Trench. Redundancy analyses revealed that depth, followed by temperature, was the most important environmental factors correlated with vertical distribution of PN community. In the hadal zone, the PN community structure was considerably different from those in the shallower zones. Some PN communities, e.g., Eustigmatophyceae and Chrysophyceae, which have the heterotrophic characteristics, were sparse in shallower waters, while they were identified with high relative abundance (94.1% and 20.1%, respectively) at the depth of 8320 m. However, the dinoflagellates and Prochloraceae Prochlorococcus were detected throughout the entire water column. We proposed that vertical sinking, heterotrophic metabolism, and/or the transition to resting stage of phytoplankton might contribute to the presence of phytoplankton in the hadal zone. This study provided insight into the PN community in the Mariana Trench, implied the significance of phytoplankton in exporting organic matters from the euphotic to the hadal zone, and also hinted the possible existence of some undetermined energy metabolism (e.g., heterotrophy) of phytoplankton making themselves adapt and survive in the hadal environment.

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“…The pretreatment system consists in a medium pressure-ultra violet (MP-UV) disinfection unit, multimedia and cartridge filters (Balzano et al 2014). Nutrients were analysed every second week over one-year period (18/07/2012 to 21/07/2013) from raw seawater, downstream of the MP-UV treatment unit (Site 2), the multimedia filters (Site 3), the 15 μm cartridge filters (Site 4), and from the RO feedwater, as described previously (Balzano et al 2015b).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Raw seawater temperature ranged from 14.3 ºC (July 2013) to 20.8 ºC (March 2013) and the salinity was stable around 36 psu (Balzano et al 2015b). The abundance of both bacteria and phytoplankton dropped dramatically across the multimedia filter, from Site 2 to Site 3 (Balzano et al 2014).…”

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Changes in microbial communities during seawater pre-treatment within a desalination plant

Balzano

Jamieson

Leterme

2021

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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We analysed prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities across the seawater pre-treatment system of Penneshaw (Kangaroo Island, South Australia) desalination plant, using 16S and 18S rRNA gene sequencing. The richness of operational taxonomic units increased downstream of the pre-treatment system (reverse osmosis feedwater) compared to raw seawater for Archaea, while it decreased for bacteria and protists. Overall, the reverse osmosis feedwater was found to be enriched in ammonia-oxidising bacteria and Archaea compared to raw seawater, and also contained greater proportions of taxa typically observed in aquatic biofilms and/or within other water treatment systems. Although the microbial load was reduced by the pre-treatment system, the increase in proportion of biofilm-associated microbes suggests the presence of active microbial communities within multimedia filters and other parts of the pre-treatment system that might increase biofouling risks.

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Seasonal changes in phytoplankton on the north-eastern shelf of Kangaroo Island (South Australia) in 2012 and 2013

Cited by 20 publications

References 69 publications

Mixotrophy in Heterocapsa rotundata: A mechanism for dominating the winter phytoplankton

Mixotrophy in Heterocapsa rotundata: A mechanism for dominating the winter phytoplankton

Insight Into the Pico- and Nano-Phytoplankton Communities in the Deepest Biosphere, the Mariana Trench

Changes in microbial communities during seawater pre-treatment within a desalination plant

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