Seasonal Changes of Mineral Nutrient Concentrations of Leaves and Stems of ‘Kinnow’ Mandarin Trees in Relation to Alternate Bearing

Mirsoleimani, Abbas; Shahsavar, Ali Reza; Kholdebarin, Bahman

doi:10.1080/15538362.2013.801678

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The leaf P contents also may decrease after fruit set in mandarin [2]. The current study showed some stability of K content in leaves throughout the year, except for apple and persimmon, but in most of the fruit trees, a decrease occurred after harvesting.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 42%

“…The harmony between the period and fertilizer application rate within the plant's nutrient demand may lead to maximize yield, and it increases nutrient-use efficiency. In mandarin trees (Citrus reticulata Blanco) the fruiting state had a significant effect on the content of P, K, and Mg in both leaves and stems, because these fruits could act as very strong sinks for potassium and phosphorus; therefore, during the harvesting state the K and P levels in leaves decreased to deficient levels [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Seasonal Variation of Plant Mineral Nutrition in Fruit Trees

Cruz

Almeida

Wadt

et al. 2019

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 42%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variation of Plant Mineral Nutrition in Fruit Trees

Cruz

Almeida

Wadt

et al. 2019

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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“…At the beginning, this problem was trying to be solved using several cultural applications, such as irrigation, pruning, and fertigation. Some researchers suggested that the competition between flower buds and food for fruit and assimilates is responsible for this phenomenon (Cetinkaya, 2004;Ulger et al, 2004;Baninasab et al, 2006;Mirsoleimani et al, 2014) while others stated that unbalanced nutrition was not the main cause of the inhibition of flower bud formation, and more attention should be paid to the hypothesis of PGRs (Baktır et al, 2004;Gomez-Jimenez et al, 2010;Vemmos, 2010;Gundesli et al, 2019). In higher plants, ABA and GA antagonistically regulate various physiological growth periods, including seed dormancy, seed germination, root growth, shoot elongation, leaf development, flowering, flower bud formation, abscission, and fruit development, as well as biotic and abiotic stresses (Vanstraelen and Benková, 2012;Liu and Hou, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In previous studies, alternate bearing has been associated with genetic factors (Esmaeilpour and Khezri, 2006;Shalom et al, 2012), environmental and physiological factors, cultural management, (Mirsoleimaniet al, 2014), carbohydrates (Baninasab and Rahemi, 2006;Span et al, 2008), plant nutrients (Rosecrane et al, 1998;Vemmos, 2010), and plant growth regulators (PGRs) (Al-Shdiefat and Qrunfleh, 2008;Mirsoleimani and Shahsava 2018;Gundesli et al, 2019). The effects of PGRs (including auxin, cytokinins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, and ethylene) on different physiological stages in plants, such as shoot elongation, flower formation, flower bud abscission, embryo development, growth, and fruitinghave also been shown (Okuda, 2000;Mirsoleimani et al, 2014;Gundesli et al, 2019). Among PGRs, gibberellic acid (GAs) are plant hormones necessary for many developmental processes in plants, including seed germination, root elongation, leaf expansion, pollen ripening, and flowering induction (blooming).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endogenous gibberellins and abscisic acid-metabolites: their role for during flower bud abscission and embryo development in pistachio

Gündeşli¹

2020

Turk J Agric For

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This study was carried out to determine the effect of different growth periods and possible role of gibberellins (GAs) and abscisic acid (ABA) metabolites on the alternate bearing of the pistachio (Pistacia vera L.). For this purpose, the levels of GAs and ABA in the panicles and nuts of the trees during flower bud abscission and embryo development were analyzed in the crop "on" year. The results showed significant differences and changes in ABA and GAs among the tissues and periods investigated. Dihydrophaseic acid (DPA) and GA 19 were the dominant ABA and GAs in the pistachio concentrates analyzed in this work, respectively. The nut samples had higher values for almost all ABA metabolites and GAs than panicles. The ABA content of the panicles and nuts increased rapidly during flower development (35 DAFB) prior to flower bud abscission while the initial decrease in the ABA content remained constant at a relatively low level at the end of June (intense flower bud abscission), with the minimum levels being obtained during embryo development stage (65 DAFB). However, on day 65 after full flowering, GA 19 and GA 44 were found to have increased. The plant growth regulator profiles of the pistachio showed delayed spikes in GA and ABA groups indicating that there is a hormone requirement during flower bud abscission and embryo development in pistachio. As a results, GA and ABA metabolites produced in different organs play an important role in the control of pistachios during embryo development and flower bud abscission.

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“…For example, in other evergreen fruit trees such as avocado, coffee (Coffea arabica), and olive (Olea europaea), organs such as flowers, petioles of leaves, and stems of flowers and fruit are alternative tree organs from which nutrient analyses provide valuable supplemental information to leaf nutrient analyses (Campisi-Pinto et al, 2017;Castillo-Gonzalez et al, 2000;Khelil et al, 2010;Martinez et al, 2003;Razeto and Salgado, 2004). Indeed, studies on mineral nutrients and alternate bearing in other mandarin cultivars, e.g., 'Kinnow' (Mirsoleimani et al, 2014) and 'Michal', 'Wilking', and 'Murcott' (Monselise et al, 1983), have shown that the effects of fruit load in the current season on bud responses in the following season are also closely related to the nutrient concentration in stems. The relationship between macronutrient concentration in stems or buds, and vegetative shoot development and flowering should, therefore, be investigated in 'Nadorcott' mandarin as a mean to predict flowering and fruit load and to fertilize accordingly.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Significance of Macronutrients in Alternate Bearing ‘Nadorcott’ Mandarin Trees

Stander¹,

Barry²,

Cronjé³

2018

horts

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Additional index words. Citrus reticulata, flowering, fruit load, nutrition, vegetative shoot development Abstract. The significance of macronutrients nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) in leaves was studied in relation with their possible roles in alternate bearing of 'Nadorcott' mandarin (Citrus reticulata) trees over a period of three seasons. Fruit load (''on,'' a heavy fruit load, vs. ''off,'' a light fruit load) affected the leaf macronutrient concentrations, and the amount of macronutrients removed through the harvest of fruit, i.e., the crop removal factor (g · kg L1 ), was consistent in both seasons. The crop removal factors were higher for each macronutrient in ''off'' trees-harvest of 1 kg fruit removed ' '2.3 g · kg L1 N, 0.3 g · kg L1 P, 3.1 g · kg L1 K, 1.0 g · kg L1 Ca, and 0.4 g · kg L1 Mg, compared with 1.3 g · kg L1 N, 0.2 g · kg L1 P, 1.7 g · kg L1 K, 0.6 g · kg L1 Ca, and 0.2 g · kg L1 Mg in ''on'' trees. Fruit load per tree (kg/tree) of 84, 110, and 52 kg/tree in ''on'' trees, however, removed ' '217 g/tree N, 28 g/tree P, 296 g/tree K, 100 g/tree Ca, and 35 g/tree Mg, which was 1.5-6 times more than that of fruit loads of 14, 71, and 16 kg/tree in ''off'' trees. In ''off'' trees, N, P, and K, and in ''on'' trees, Ca accumulated in leaves to between 20% and 30% higher concentrations in season 1, but the higher macronutrient status did not manifest in or consistently correlate with intensity of summer vegetative shoot development in the current season, or intensity of flowering in the next season, the two main determinants of fruit load in 'Nadorcott' mandarin. Apart from some anomalies, the concentrations of macronutrients in leaves were unaffected by de-fruiting and foliar spray applications of N and K to ''on'' trees, and showed no consistent relationship with treatment effects on parameters of vegetative shoot development and flowering. Leaf macronutrients in alternate bearing 'Nadorcott' mandarin trees, fertilized according to grower standard practice, are not related to differences in flowering and vegetative shoot development, and appear to be a consequence of fruit load and not a determinant thereof.

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Seasonal Changes of Mineral Nutrient Concentrations of Leaves and Stems of ‘Kinnow’ Mandarin Trees in Relation to Alternate Bearing

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

Seasonal Variation of Plant Mineral Nutrition in Fruit Trees

Seasonal Variation of Plant Mineral Nutrition in Fruit Trees

Endogenous gibberellins and abscisic acid-metabolites: their role for during flower bud abscission and embryo development in pistachio

The Significance of Macronutrients in Alternate Bearing ‘Nadorcott’ Mandarin Trees

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