Seasonal development of invertebrate zooplankton on the Flemish Cap

Anderson, JT

doi:10.3354/meps067127

Cited by 16 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The parallel extends to the Calanus populations as well (Fig. g), there b e~n g plenty of C. finmarchicus in the Atlantic water (Huntley et al 1983, Anderson 1990, while those on the inner Labrador Shelf and incidentally in Hudson Bay and in the interior of the Archipelago, are virtually all C. glacialis (Huntley et al 1983, Rochet & Grainger 1988, and Conover 1988. As in the Barents Sea, C. hyperboreus is found on both sides of the front.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

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Climate, copepods and cod: some thoughts on the long-range prospects for a sustainable northern cod fishery

Conover¹,

Wilson²,

Harding³

et al. 1995

Clim. Res.

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Cod Gadus morhua stocks on the Labrador Shelf and Grand Banks, NW Atlantic, are apparently at an all-time low. While overfishing has undoubtedly occurred, it is probable that other factors are affecting stock recruitment as well. Water temperatures and salinity are also unusually low, which may have affected the abundance of cod in some way. Northern cod begin spawning in March in most stock management zones around Newfoundland, Canada. Flrst-feeding cod larvae survlve in waters less than 2°C but require suitable prey, especially nauplii of the copepod Calanus finmarchlcus, to grow well. The 'match/mismatch' hypothesis assumes that cod spawn at the same time each year, but spawning by copepods may or may not 'match' depending on the stimulus provided by the 'spring bloom' of phytoplankton, which can vary with environmental conditions by up to 6 wk. While C. finmarchicus is common in the Atlantic waters of the Labrador Sea and Grand Banks, zooplankton in the Labrador Current, especially during this period of low temperature and salinity, are dominated by 2 arctic copepods, C. glacialis and C. hyperboreus, which have different spawning seasons, and therefore probably would not provide a good nutritional match for young cod. Despite global warming, sea water supporting important demersal fish on the continental shelf off northeast Canada is presently colder and fresher than normal. Global warming may have induced melting of glaciers and sea ice and increased runoff in rivers entering the Arctic Ocean and its coastal drainage, reducing salinity at the sea surface, increasing stabhty and reducing deep convection, and hence upward heat transport. Several cold, fresh 'anomalies' have been observed in the last few decades and they have contributed to less favourable conditions at locations around the North Atlantic. These anomalies may be part of an interdecadal climate cycle of alternating warm and cold periods, the effects of which must be removed to clearly identify those associated with global warming. Whatever the causes, periods of 'ocean cooling', with potentially serious consequences for the cod fishery, may be predictable. Increasing amounts of ice in the eastern Arctic and Greenland Sea are easily monitored by satellite and appear to anticipate reduced temperaturekalinity anomalies in the Labrador Sea by about 4 yr. Climatic impacts, whether cyclic or continuing, could be Identified sufficiently far in advance to enable modifications in management of the fishery toward at least mollifying their effects, thus improving the prospects for long-term sustainability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Similarly, off Flemish Cap, eggs and nauplii of Calanus finmarchicus were already abundant over a 400 m water column by April 7 to 14, 1980 (Anderson 1990). Here there is also a cod stock (3M) that spawns in March-April (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Climate, copepods and cod: some thoughts on the long-range prospects for a sustainable northern cod fishery

Conover¹,

Wilson²,

Harding³

et al. 1995

Clim. Res.

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“…By August all selectivities for cyclopoid copepodites were above the level of neutral selection. However, the larger calanoid copepodites, which were predominantly Calanus finmarchicus stage CV (Anderson 1990), were not actively selected by juvenile redfish. During both cruises euphausiid furcilia larvae were neutrally selected (Fig.…”

Section: Seasonal and Interannual Differences In Feedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sampling and processing methods for the zooplankton samples are outlined in Anderson (1990). In both cases, diet and environment, samples were based on integrated tows from 0 to 200 m for bongo samples and 0 to 100 m for the ring net samples.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feeding ecology and condition of larval and pelagic juvenile redfish Sebastes spp.

Anderson¹

1994

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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ABSTRACT. Eggs and nauplii of Calanus finmarchicus were the preferred prey types of redfish larvae whereas Oithona spp. copepodites were not, even though they were within the preferred size range. Significant seasonal and annual differences in larval diet of redfish resulted from differences in the availability of preferred prey. Seasonally, feeding was related to the succession of the spring dominance of C. finmarchicus to summer dominance of Oithona spp. Interannually, feeding was related to differences in the timing of spring spawning and temperature-dependent development of C. finmarchicus. Earlier spawning and faster development of C. finmarchicus, dependent on warmer water temperatures, resulted in poorer feeding conditions for redfish larvae. Under these conditions redfish larvae: (1) ate predominantly nauplii and copepodites of Oithona spp.; (2) ate less food by weight; (3) had lower relative body condition; and (4) there was a delayed size at metamorphosis from larvae to pelagic juveniles. Total prey concentrations between years did not determine better feeding and condition of redfish larvae, whereas the availability of preferred prey types did. Specifically, a lower abundance of C. finmarckrcus nauplii resulted in better feeding conditions than a higher abundance of Oithona spp. copepodites. These results emphasize that measuring total prey biomass within preferred prey sizes is not sufficient when evaluating larval redfish feeding conditions. There was a switch in diet for pelagic juveniles to include Oithona spp. copepodtes as preferred prey, in addition to copepod eggs and nauplu. T h s switch in diet coincided with changing prey availability due to the seasonal succession of zooplankton on Flemish Cap, Canada. Metamorphosis from larvae to juveniles at smaller sizes and younger ages is hypothesized to be advantageous to annual survival of redfish due to an increased foraging ability.

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Feeding ecology of the glacier lanternfish Benthosema glaciale (Actinopterygii, Myctophidae) in the Flemish Cap (North Atlantic Ocean)

2013

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Seasonal development of invertebrate zooplankton on the Flemish Cap

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Climate, copepods and cod: some thoughts on the long-range prospects for a sustainable northern cod fishery

Climate, copepods and cod: some thoughts on the long-range prospects for a sustainable northern cod fishery

Feeding ecology and condition of larval and pelagic juvenile redfish Sebastes spp.

Feeding ecology of the glacier lanternfish Benthosema glaciale (Actinopterygii, Myctophidae) in the Flemish Cap (North Atlantic Ocean)

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