Seasonal dynamics of fungal communities in a temperate oak forest soil

Voříšková, Jana; Brabcová, Vendula; Cajthaml, Tomáš; Baldrián, Petr

doi:10.1111/nph.12481

Cited by 321 publications

(242 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The extent of biomass decrease may indicate that, in addition to the ECM root symbionts, the photosynthates may also largely sustain the fungal soil saprotrophs. The same finding was recently reported from a deciduous forest, where photosynthate allocation during summer increased the biomass of both ECM and saprotrophic fungi (Voříšková et al, 2014). Bacterial biomass showed either no significant change or an increase (in the litter of Sites B and C), and the bacterial/fungal biomass ratio thus increased substantially, indicating the lesser dependence of bacteria on (or the lesser access to) photosynthate-derived C.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

When the forest dies: the response of forest soil fungi to a bark beetle-induced tree dieback

et al. 2014

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Coniferous forests cover extensive areas of the boreal and temperate zones. Owing to their primary production and C storage, they have an important role in the global carbon balance. Forest disturbances such as forest fires, windthrows or insect pest outbreaks have a substantial effect on the functioning of these ecosystems. Recent decades have seen an increase in the areas affected by disturbances in both North America and Europe, with indications that this increase is due to both local human activity and global climate change. Here we examine the structural and functional response of the litter and soil microbial community in a Picea abies forest to tree dieback following an invasion of the bark beetle Ips typographus, with a specific focus on the fungal community. The insect-induced disturbance rapidly and profoundly changed vegetation and nutrient availability by killing spruce trees so that the readily available root exudates were replaced by more recalcitrant, polymeric plant biomass components. Owing to the dramatic decrease in photosynthesis, the rate of decomposition processes in the ecosystem decreased as soon as the one-time litter input had been processed. The fungal community showed profound changes, including a decrease in biomass (2.5-fold in the litter and 12-fold in the soil) together with the disappearance of fungi symbiotic with tree roots and a relative increase in saprotrophic taxa. Within the latter group, successive changes reflected the changing availability of needle litter and woody debris. Bacterial biomass appeared to be either unaffected or increased after the disturbance, resulting in a substantial increase in the bacterial/fungal biomass ratio.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

When the forest dies: the response of forest soil fungi to a bark beetle-induced tree dieback

et al. 2014

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“…As succession proceeds, the local β-diversity stabilizes, and does not differ across samplings within the intermediate-and late-successional stages. These findings were partially in contrast with our initial hypothesis, as intrinsic seasonal dynamics (in this case, plant phenology and seasonality) was expected to exert significant effects on the fungal community turnover, as verified in other ecosystems (see, for example, Zinger et al, 2009;Voříšková et al, 2014). An underlying cause of this finding could be that most of the degraded plant litter on the salt marsh comes from dead rather than fresh plant material (Torzilli et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…The use of chronosequences intrinsically invokes the occurrence of ecological succession. Particularly for microbial ecologists, this requires a proper temporal calibration, that is, the establishment of a temporal framework that, for the modus operandi in microbial ecology, can vary from days to tens of years (Zhang et al, 2011;Voříšková et al, 2014). This is needed to effectively unravel how different mechanisms interact over time and at different scales, modulating the speed and outcome of ecological successions (Fierer et al, 2010;Walker and Wardle, 2014;Dini-Andreote et al, 2014.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological succession reveals potential signatures of marine–terrestrial transition in salt marsh fungal communities

et al. 2016

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Marine-to-terrestrial transition represents one of the most fundamental shifts in microbial life. Understanding the distribution and drivers of soil microbial communities across coastal ecosystems is critical given the roles of microbes in soil biogeochemistry and their multifaceted influence on landscape succession. Here, we studied the fungal community dynamics in a well-established salt marsh chronosequence that spans over a century of ecosystem development. We focussed on providing high-resolution assessments of community composition, diversity and ecophysiological shifts that yielded patterns of ecological succession through soil formation. Notably, despite containing 10-to 100-fold lower fungal internal transcribed spacer abundances, early-successional sites revealed fungal richnesses comparable to those of more mature soils. These newly formed sites also exhibited significant temporal variations in β-diversity that may be attributed to the highly dynamic nature of the system imposed by the tidal regime. The fungal community compositions and ecophysiological assignments changed substantially along the successional gradient, revealing a clear signature of ecological replacement and gradually transforming the environment from a marine into a terrestrial system. Moreover, distance-based linear modelling revealed soil physical structure and organic matter to be the best predictors of the shifts in fungal β-diversity along the chronosequence. Taken together, our study lays the basis for a better understanding of the spatiotemporally determined fungal community dynamics in salt marshes and highlights their ecophysiological traits and adaptation in an evolving ecosystem.

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“…1C). Although vertical stratification of fungal communities is widely reported in the literature (31)(32)(33), the primary differences in fungal community composition generally occur between litter and soil, rather than between the two soil horizons (organic and mineral) that we sampled. Previous studies that have sampled across different forest types (34) or across fine scales at the local level (35) have clearly demonstrated the importance of environmental or habitat filtering of fungi.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endemism and functional convergence across the North American soil mycobiome

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et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Identifying the ecological processes that structure communities and the consequences for ecosystem function is a central goal of ecology. The recognition that fungi, bacteria, and viruses control key ecosystem functions has made microbial communities a major focus of this field. Because many ecological processes are apparent only at particular spatial or temporal scales, a complete understanding of the linkages between microbial community, environment, and function requires analysis across a wide range of scales. Here, we map the biological and functional geography of soil fungi from local to continental scales and show that the principal ecological processes controlling community structure and function operate at different scales. Similar to plants or animals, most soil fungi are endemic to particular bioregions, suggesting that factors operating at large spatial scales, like dispersal limitation or climate, are the first-order determinants of fungal community structure in nature. By contrast, soil extracellular enzyme activity is highly convergent across bioregions and widely differing fungal communities. Instead, soil enzyme activity is correlated with local soil environment and distribution of fungal traits within the community. The lack of structure-function relationships for soil fungal communities at continental scales indicates a high degree of functional redundancy among fungal communities in global biogeochemical cycles.T he structure and function of ecological communities are intimately linked, such that the number and identity of species within a community often affect the key ecosystem properties of primary productivity (1), resistance and resilience to disturbance (2), and rates of nutrient cycling (3). However, understanding the extent to which structure-function relationships hold across communities and over large spatial scales continues to be a major goal of ecological research. Identifying these relationships for microbial organisms is particularly critical, because these organisms control rates of key ecosystem processes (the cycling of nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon) (4) and directly affect the community structure of plants and animals through pathogenic or mutualistic interactions (5). As such, microbial activity is also intrinsic to Earth system models that inform citizens and policy makers of ecosystem dynamics and energy exchange between the biosphere and the atmosphere (6). As in plant communities of tropical rainforests (7), the incredible number of microbial taxa on Earth has been a challenge for understanding the link between diversity and function. Advances in DNA sequencing technology have recently allowed for a robust characterization of bacterial biogeographic patterns (8); however, to date, studies have examined structure-function relationships at a fixed scale (9-12). As a result, it is not yet clear how microbial function is linked to largescale biogeographic patterns, whether or not this link is a more reliable determinant of microbial function in global biogeochemical cycl...

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Seasonal dynamics of fungal communities in a temperate oak forest soil

Cited by 321 publications

References 65 publications

When the forest dies: the response of forest soil fungi to a bark beetle-induced tree dieback

When the forest dies: the response of forest soil fungi to a bark beetle-induced tree dieback

Ecological succession reveals potential signatures of marine–terrestrial transition in salt marsh fungal communities

Endemism and functional convergence across the North American soil mycobiome

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