Seasonal effect on milk productivity and cases of mastitis in Ukrainian Brown Swiss Cows

Abstract

Seasonality affects milk production, its composition, as well as the spread of mastitis in dairy cows. The aim of the research work was to study the way the seasons affect milk productivity and the manifestation of mastitis among Ukrainian brown Swiss cows at a commercial dairy unit, with the animals kept in naturally ventilated premises. The relationship between the indicators was assessed by Spearman’s rank-order correlation coefficient. The influence of a seasonal factor and individual air parameters on cows’ milk productivity was evaluated using Factorial ANOVA in Statistica 12 software. The results of the study revealed a high correlation between the content of milk fat and milk protein and the weather conditions (temperature, relative humidity, as well as temperature-humidity index) by seasons. Moreover, the greatest negative relationship between these characteristics was observed in spring (r = 0.4‒0.8) and in autumn (r = 0.6), and not in summer during the heat, as we had predicted earlier. The influence rate of the «season» factor was significant both in terms of the daily milk yield and milk components (51–59%) and mastitis prevalence rate in cows (56%) at the dairy unit. In general, the reduction of milk yields in summer and especially in autumn, and the spread of udder pathology in cows during this period should provide for the introduction of managerial and preventive veterinary measures to mitigate the effects of hot summer among Ukrainian Brown Swiss cows at year-round housing of animals in naturally ventilated premises.

Comparative Study of Nanofiltration and Evaporation Technologies on the Milk Concentration

“…Protein components of milk (casein, why protein, total protein, non-protein nitrogen and total nitrogen) was estimated separately and the results were monitored in Table (3). From the showed data in this Table , The results indicate that casein is the most common protein in milk proteins, which was scored 2.72%, followed by whey proteins were scored 0.62%, while values of NPN and TN were 0.05 and 0.60% respectively.…”

“…Also, milk suffers from seasonality, as it is produced in an excess of the required quantity in some seasons and has low production in another season, which constitutes a shortage of milk. Therefore, there was an urgent need to transport milk from one geographical area to another, as well as store it for a long period until needed in low production seasons [3]. There are several methods known for decades that depend on reducing the moisture content of milk, as it reduces the volume and mass of milk in order to facilitate long-distance transportation and the possibility of preserving it, and extending its shelf life, as it is in a form unsuitable for microbial growth.…”