Seasonal ionic fluctuations in a <i>Phragmites communis</i> community

Bayly, I. L.; O'Neill, Tom A.

doi:10.1139/b72-273

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In the case of sodium, calcium, magnesium and Forfar iron, the levels of these elements in the leaf tissue rose until October and then declined. Again such seasonal variation patterns had been, to a more or less extent, reported by others (Bayly & O'Neill 1972;Mochnacka-tawacz 1974;Mason & Bryant 1975;Dykyjov & Hradeckd 1976).…”

Section: Seasonal Changes In Mineral Compositionssupporting

confidence: 57%

“…However the rates of decline for the elements nitrogen and phosphorus in the leaf were relatively gradual when compared with the stem and it was not until October or November before the levels dropped drastically (Figs I and 2). Such patterns of changes were also recorded for nitrogen by Dykyjovd & Hradecki (1976), while Bayly & O'Neill (1972), KvEt (1973), Mochnacka-tawacz (1974) and Dykyjov & Hradeckd (1976) found the same for phosphorus and potassium. In the case of sodium, calcium, magnesium and Forfar iron, the levels of these elements in the leaf tissue rose until October and then declined.…”

Section: Seasonal Changes In Mineral Compositionssupporting

confidence: 54%

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Mineral composition of Phragmites australis in Scottish lochs as related to eutrophication. I. Seasonal changes in organs

Ho¹

1981

Hydrobiologia

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Monthly levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium and iron in the organs (root, rhizome, stem, leaf and panicle) of Phragmites australis were determined from March to November, 1975 in Forfar Loch (polytrophic), Balgavies Loch (eutrophic) and Loch of the Lowes (mesotrophic), Scotland. Generally no consistent seasonal changes in the mineral levels were detected for the root, rhizome and panicle. For the stem and leaf, the levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium rose to a peak before declining for the rest of the season. Consistently higher levels of tissue nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium were found in the Forfar plants over those of Balgavies and Lowes, reflecting the very eutrophic condition in Forfar Loch. The mineral compositions in the reeds in the present study were compared with similar studies in other areas.

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Section: Seasonal Changes In Mineral Compositionssupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Seasonal Changes In Mineral Compositionssupporting

confidence: 54%

Mineral composition of Phragmites australis in Scottish lochs as related to eutrophication. I. Seasonal changes in organs

Ho¹

1981

Hydrobiologia

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“…There is also evidence that, unlike several metals, phosphorus accumulates without effective filtration by the root structures (Peverly et al 1995). The seasonal fluctuation of potassium is similar to those of nitrogen and phosphorus (Bayly and O'Neill 1972). Sodium concentration in shoots correlated well with that in the water and demonstrated seasonality with concentrations ranging from 3.3 to 7.9 mg L -1 in surface water.…”

Section: Growth and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Chlorine ions were found to inhibit growth of P. australis at high concentrations (Haslam 1971a). Calcium did not demonstrate any seasonal pattern (Bayly and O'Neill 1972), and also was not translocated into the shoots (Hietz 1992). Magnesium concentration in the shoots varied during the growing season from May to August (Bayly and O'Neill 1972).…”

Section: Growth and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The abundance of P. australis was also closely associated with high soil phosphorus levels in a Scirpus-Equisetum wetland in Quebec (Auclair et al 1976). Phosphorus levels fluctuate throughout the season, often in synchrony with nitrogen levels (Bayly and O'Neill 1972). Harvested areas generally had higher phosphorus uptake from both sediment and water than did unharvested areas (Hansson and Granéli 1984).…”

Section: Growth and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 98%

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The biology of Canadian weeds. 129. Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.

Mal¹,

Narine²

2004

Can. J. Plant Sci.

103

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-common reed, is a perennial, emergent aquatic plant with annual cane-like stems developed from an extensive rhizome system. It grows in low-lying wet areas such as fresh and salt-water marshes, drainage ditches, shallow lake edges, sandy banks, roadsides, woodlands and rocky places. Stems can reach up to 6.0 m in height, vary in diameter from 4 to10 mm and have 10 to 25 cm long hollow internodes. Clones are extended by perennial rhizomes with extensive aerenchymatous tissue that supplies oxygen. Roots develop from rhizomes and other submerged parts of shoots. Leaves are smooth, alternate with narrow-lanceolate laminae, 20 to 70 cm long and 1 to 5 cm broad, and tapering to long slender points. The inflorescence is a terminal panicle, often 30 cm long, dull purple to yellow, with main branches bearing many spikelets. Seed production and germination are extremely variable and comparatively rare in many populations. Phragmites australis carries out photosynthesis through the C 3 pathway (or a variation thereof). Studies of genetic variation through isozyme and other molecular methods suggest that the populations are very closely related, and that variation in the metapopulation is small. Chloroplast DNA sequences of two non-coding regions indicate that non-native introduced genotypes of P. australis have displaced native genotypes in parts of North America. Phragmites australis often forms extensive monocultures in North America. As a consequence, habitat quality and species diversity have been documented to decline. However, in roadside populations it is effective in taking up many typical heavy metals that originate from nearby highways and buildings. Phragmites australis is found in all Canadian provinces and the Northwest Territories, but not in the Yukon Territory or Nunavut. The infestation of P. australis is most severe in the Great Lakes region and its migration is primarily mediated through rivers, canals and waterways but roadways are increasingly becoming important. Changes in the water regime have been linked to its success and could ultimately result in changes to the floristic composition of a habitat. Rodeo™, an aqueous solution of the isopropylamine salt of glyphosate, is most frequently used to control P. australis populations. Other methods of control include cutting, burning, and drainage of the species' habitat. As P. australis is considered to be invasive in North America, introduction of biological control agents is now being investigated. Can. J. Plant Sci. 84: 365-396. Le roseau commun Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. est une vivace aquatique dont le vaste système de rhizomes donne chaque année des tiges ressemblant à des cannes. L'espèce pousse dans les dépressions humides comme les marais d'eau douce et salants, les fossés de drainage, la rive des lacs peu profonds, les berges sablonneuses, le bord des routes, les boisés et les endroits rocailleux. Les tiges atteignent parfois jusqu'à 6,0 m de hauteur et leur diamètre varie de 4 à 10 mm, avec de longues sections creuses de 10 à ...

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Ein Beitrag zur Bioindikation der Gewässerbelastung durch Inhaltsstoffe submerser Makrophyten

Janauer

1982

Acta hydrochim. hydrobiol.

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ZusatiL,tLeiijassung:Mehrere Arten von submersen Makrophyten wurden a n versrhieden stark belasteten Standorten des Erlabaches und der Fischa (siidliche Donauzubringer in Niederosterreirh) gesamnielt und die Gehalte von Stiirke, loslichen Kohlenhydraten, organischen Anionen, Phosphat und an Kationen bestimmt.Eine Modifikation der Fraktionierung der Itislichen Kohlenhydrate und der organischen Anionen (inklusive Phosphat) wird beschrieben.Soweit der EinfluD der Eutrophierung a n den stirker belasteten Standorten jenen der Saprobitat iiberwog, lagen der Stiirkegehalt, in manchen Arten aber auch der Gesamtzucker-und der Saccharosegehalt sowie die Kationensumme und die Kaliumkonzentration auf einem hoheren Niveau. Dcr Phosphat-und der Gesamtphosphorgehalt waren in der Mehrzahl der Arten am Erlabach niederer, an der Fischa aber hoher als in jenem Material, das an der schwiicher belasteten Stelle entnommen worden war. Die organischen Anionen zeigten in manchen Arten eine ansteigende Tendenz bei hoherem Eutrophiegrad.Stieg hingegen die Saprobitlit stark an, wie dies etwa an einem Standort a n der Fischa der Fall war, sank neben allen anderen Parametern sogar der Stiirkegehalt stark ab, eine Erscheinung, die gut mit der verringerten Wiichsigkeit der betroffenen Arten iibereinstimmt.Nur dem Stiirkegehalt kann eine Indikatorfunktion fur erhohte Eutrophierung zugeschrieben werden, die durch diurnale und saisonale Schwankungen nicht beeintriichtigt wird und auch von Art zu -47% in gleichartiger Weise reagiert. Die Reaktion aller anderen Inhaltsstoffe ist oft artspezifisch und weist auf physiologische Typen hinsichtlich der Akkumulation von anorganischen lonen und organischen Komponenten hin ; die Reprgduzierbarkeit dieser Typen muS erst in weiteren Untersuchungen bestiitigt werden.Ein Vergleich zwischen Pflanzen einer Art aus verschiedenen FluDsystemen zeigte Inhaltsstoffveriinderungen, die nicht in allen Komponenten mit jenen von Material aus dem selben FluS in Einklang zu bringen sind; eine ,,Eichung" z. B. des Stiirkegehaltes auf einen hydrochemischen Parameter, z. B. die Phosphatkonzentration, war deshalb noch nicht moglich.Hinsichtlich der Akkumulation von Phosphat a n stiirker belasteten, natiirlichen St,andorten standen die Ergebnisse teilweise im Gegensatz zu experinientellen Befunden, auf welchen gangige Vorstellungen zur Ionenakkumulation in Pflanzen aufbauen. EinfiihriirigDie Beurteilung der Gewasserbelastung ist unter den1 EinfluD der zuneh~nenden Nutzung der FlieDgewasser als Vorflut,er fur Kommunen und Industrie, als Verkehrswege und Energiequelle in dem Ma8 von hoherer Wichtigkeit geworden, als die Zahl der unbelasteten Gewasser und Gewasserabschnitte rascher und rascher zuriickgeht und unberiihrte Bache und Flullabschnitte bereits zu den seltensten Biotopen in unseren zivilisatorisch veranderten Landschaften gehoren.

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Seasonal ionic fluctuations in a Phragmites communis community

Cited by 25 publications

References 8 publications

Mineral composition of Phragmites australis in Scottish lochs as related to eutrophication. I. Seasonal changes in organs

Mineral composition of Phragmites australis in Scottish lochs as related to eutrophication. I. Seasonal changes in organs

The biology of Canadian weeds. 129. Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.

Ein Beitrag zur Bioindikation der Gewässerbelastung durch Inhaltsstoffe submerser Makrophyten

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