Seasonal modulation of the El Niño–southern oscillation relationship with sea level pressure anomalies over the North Atlantic in October–March 1873–1996

Moron, Vincent; Gouirand, Isabelle

doi:10.1002/joc.868

Cited by 100 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Our results suggest that the relationship between ENSO and the North Atlantic atmospheric circulation changes strongly between the beginning and the core-ending parts of the boreal winter. This result is consistent with the mean SLPA (Moron and Gouirand, 2003) and NAO index (Huang et al, 1998) responses to ENSO. This suggests, therefore, that the best seasonal pooling is not DJF, but ND on the one hand and JFM (or FM) on the other hand, when ENSO signals over the North Atlantic area are investigated.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

The impact of El Niño–southern oscillation upon weather regimes over Europe and the North Atlantic during boreal winter

Moron

Plaut

2003

Intl Journal of Climatology

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The influence of the warm and cold sea-surface temperatures in the eastern and central equatorial Pacific associated with El Niño-southern oscillation (ENSO) on the probability of occurrence of weather regimes (WRs) over the North Atlantic sector is investigated for the period November-March. Five WRs are identified from daily sea-level pressure anomalies (SLPAs) during 119 winters over this sector by applying cluster analysis: the positive North Atlantic oscillation (NAO; called ZO for zonal) and negative NAO (called WBL for west blocking) patterns; GA (for Greenland anticyclone), with a positive SLPA shifted north of 60°N; EA (for European anticyclone) with a positive SLPA over Europe but enhanced north-south SLPA gradient over the western and central North Atlantic; and AR (for Atlantic Ridge) with a positive (negative) SLPA over the central North Atlantic (northern and central Europe).El Niño winters are associated with a significant increase (decrease) in the prevalence of ZO (WBL) in November-December and a significant increase (decrease) in the prevalence of GA and WBL (EA and ZO)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

The impact of El Niño–southern oscillation upon weather regimes over Europe and the North Atlantic during boreal winter

Moron

Plaut

2003

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…Though the region of overlap is small, the two indices are positively correlated for the fall season and both are inversely related to the first PC. While it is beyond the scope of this study to explore a physical ENSO-NAO connection, recent research suggests that a link may be present (Moron and Gouirand, 2003). Analysis with additional meteorological data corroborates the large-scale relationships and maintains consistency with established relationships between ENSO and climatological variables such as precipitation and temperature.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Lagged relationships between North American snow mass and atmospheric teleconnection indices

Sobolowski

Frei

2006

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Abstract:Relationships between North American winter (January, February, March or JFM) snow mass, or snow water equivalent (SWE), between 1980 and 1997, and four teleconnection indices are explored at different spatial and temporal scales, with teleconnection indices leading SWE by one to two seasons. Summer (July, August, September, or JAS) and fall (October, November, December, or OND) Pacific North American pattern (PNA), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) are included in this analysis. Principal components analysis of the SWE data set results in four components, explaining over 56% of the variance in the SWE signal which have significant relationships to ENSO, PDO, and NAO. Strong spatial components associated with these relationships emerge, with the first component (NAO, ENSO) located in the northcentral to northwestern regions of the United States and the southcentral to southwestern regions of Canada. A third component (PDO) stretches from the midwest to the east coast of the United States, New England, and the Atlantic Provinces. Ranked correlation analyses using the SWE data set, and additional analyses of station observations in order to extend the time domain, corroborate and elucidate the PCA results. Examinations of these relationships at different spatial scales, and over varying time domains, indicate that there may be some scale-dependant predictive ability for North American snow mass.

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“…Therefore, with the caution of a still short dataset and the sampling un certainty, we suggest that the use of a longer dataset helps to capture a significant stratospheric signal in strong La Nina winters. In fact, the studies that reported a sur face signal over Europe for La Nina analyzed near 100-yr periods (Moron and Gouirand 2003;Pozo-Vazquez et al 2005).…”

Section: A La Nina Stratospheric Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concerning the La Nina stratospheric pathway of influence into the troposphere, we recall that a close linkage between La Nina winters and the N AE region has already been found. Negative sea level pressure (SLP) anomalies are observed north of 50°N in late winter during La Nina events (Moron and Gouirand 2003), together with a strong precipitation anomaly pattern over the European region (PozoVazquez et al 2005). This pattern, characterized by en hanced precipitation over Great Britain and Scandinavia and reduced precipitation over the southwestern Medi terranean area, is related to a positive phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Stratospheric Pathway of La Niña

2016

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A Northern Hemisphere (NH) polar stratospheric pathway for La Nina events is established during win tertime based on reanalysis data for the 1958-2012 period. A robust polar stratospheric response is observed in the NH during strong La Nina events, characterized by a significantly stronger and cooler polar vortex. Significant wind anomalies reach the surface, and a robust impact on the North Atlantic-European (NAE) region is observed. A dynamical analysis reveals that the stronger polar stratospheric winds during La Nina winters are due to reduced upward planetary wave activity into the stratosphere. This finding is the result of destructive interference between the climatological and the anomalous La Nina tropospheric stationary eddies over the Pacific-North American region.In addition, the lack of a robust stratospheric signature during La Nina winters reported in previous studies is investigated. It is found that this is related to the lower threshold used to detect the events, which signature is consequently more prone to be obscured by the influence of other sources of variability. In particular, the occurrence of stratospheric sudden warmings (SSWs), partly linked to the phase of the quasi-biennial oscil lation, modulates the observed stratospheric signal. In the case of La Nina winters defined by a lower threshold, a robust stratospheric cooling is found only in the absence of SSWs. Therefore, these results highlight the importance of using a relatively restrictive threshold to define La Nina events in order to obtain a robust surface response in the NAE region through the stratosphere.

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Seasonal modulation of the El Niño–southern oscillation relationship with sea level pressure anomalies over the North Atlantic in October–March 1873–1996

Abstract: The seasonal modulation of the relationship between the sea-level pressure anomalies (SLPAS) over the North Atlantic region (100°W-50°E; 20-70°N) and the sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAS) in the tropical Pacific (120-

Cited by 100 publications

References 35 publications

The impact of El Niño–southern oscillation upon weather regimes over Europe and the North Atlantic during boreal winter

The impact of El Niño–southern oscillation upon weather regimes over Europe and the North Atlantic during boreal winter

Lagged relationships between North American snow mass and atmospheric teleconnection indices

The Stratospheric Pathway of La Niña

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