Seasonal pasture myopathy in horses in the midwestern United States: 14 cases (1998–2005)

Finno, Carrie J.; Valberg, Stephanie J.; Wünschmann, Arno; Murphy, Michael J.

doi:10.2460/javma.229.7.1134

Cited by 63 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In 2006, a similar condition called seasonal pasture myopathy was recognised in the USA (Finno and others 2006); cases also exhibited a MADD-like biochemical profile (Sponseller and others 2012). Following a botanical survey, it was hypothesised that the condition was caused by ingestion of seeds from Acer negundo (box elder tree) (Fig 5) as these trees were present on all pastures associated with cases.…”

Section: History Of Atypical Myopathy In Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Atypical myopathy: an update

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2016

In Practice

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Atypical myopathy is an acute intoxication induced by the ingestion of hypoglycin A, a toxin contained in the seeds and seedlings of certain trees of the genus Acer (particularly Acer pseudoplatanus [sycamore] in Europe), which results in disruption of the energy metabolism. The clinical signs arise from energy depletion in the type I fibres of the postural and respiratory muscles, and lead to a specific biochemical profile that may be used to confirm a diagnosis. Since there is no cure for the condition, the emphasis is on prevention, which requires knowledge of the conditions necessary for the causative agent to exert its toxicity. This article gives an overview of atypical myopathy, discussing the mechanism involved, its aetiology and the clinical signs and management (therapeutic and prevention).

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Section: History Of Atypical Myopathy In Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Atypical myopathy: an update

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2016

In Practice

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“…Cases have also been identified in New Zealand (McKenzie et al 2013) and Australia (Irwin and Pulsford 1951). In the United States, a similar condition has been called seasonal pasture myopathy (SPM; Finno et al 2006).…”

Section: Identifying the Cause: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

The cause of atypical myopathy has been discovered – what should we do now?

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2015

PHK

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Summary: This review chronicles the events that led to the discovery of the cause of atypical myopathy (AM). Knowledge of the pathophysiological process of AM has guided the search for the aetiological agent towards toxins that reproduce the biochemical defect identified, whereas epidemiological enquiries indicated that the toxin we were looking for was linked to the environment, especially trees. A toxin named hypoglycin A was known to induce the human Jamaican vomiting sickness, which presents a similar pathophysiology to AM. This human disease results from the ingestion of a tropical fruit borne by a tree of the same family as Acer pseudoplatanus, the latter being consistently found within the vicinity of AM cases. Owing to a collaboration between Europe and the US, it was demonstrated that the toxic metabolite of hypoglycin A was present in the blood of AM cases and further studies confirmed the presence of hypoglycin A in the seeds of Acer pseudoplatanus. An incidence of outbreaks of AM may easily be linked to falling fruits in the autumn, but up to recently, the cause of spring outbreaks was unknown. This review answers the question, "How do horses get poisoned in the spring?" and raises the possible role of humidity or other trees in the disease induction. Recent findings that might be of importance to prevent and/or cure AM are also summarised. The paper concludes with the necessity to continue the recording of cases to help horses' owners prevent AM.

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“…Also, outbreaks of acute nonexertional pasture-associated rhabdomyolysis that strongly resemble AM were described in Canada [6] and in the United States of America (USA) [7, 22]; the USA syndrome was called seasonal pasture myopathy (SPM). It is now believed that SPM is indeed similar to AM as it has been showed that biochemical defects of both syndromes are identical [23, 24].…”

Section: From the Beginningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it is difficult from the literature to point out a specific climatic feature. The weather prior to the onset of outbreaks was described as ‘‘very wet and cold” [9, 12], ‘‘stormy, cold, and humid” [10], ‘‘stormy” [8], or ‘‘stormy and humid” [3, 13, 22, 31]. Moreover, Belgian outbreaks were characterized by a lack of solar radiation, an excess of precipitation or relative humidity, and no frost in the preceding days [3].…”

Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Story of Equine Atypical Myopathy: A Review from the Beginning to a Possible End

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2012

ISRN Veterinary Science

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Atypical myopathy (AM) is a frequently fatal seasonal pasture myopathy that emerges in Europe. Outbreaks are of an acute and unexpected nature and practitioners should be prepared to handle these critically ill patients. This review retraces the history of AM and describes results of epidemiological investigations that were conducted to raise hypotheses concerning the etiology of this devastating disease as well as to be able to suggest potential preventive measures. Also, clinical studies have contributed to a better definition and recognition of the syndrome, whereas elucidation of the pathological process, identified as a multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD), was a great step forward improving medical management of AM and guiding the search for the etiological agent towards toxins that reproduce the identified defect. Treatment plans can be extrapolated from the described clinical signs and metabolic problems, but they remain limited to supportive care until the causative agent has been identified with certainty. Since treatment is still unsuccessful in the majority of cases, the main emphasis is currently still on prevention. This paper aims at being a practical support for equine clinicians dealing with AM and is based on discussion and comparison of the currently available scientific data.

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Seasonal pasture myopathy in horses in the midwestern United States: 14 cases (1998–2005)

Abstract: Cases of rhabdomyolysis have been attributed to white snakeroot toxicosis; however, tremetone was not detected in any horses. Similarities exist between cases of seasonal pasture myopathy and cases of atypical myopathy in Europe.

Cited by 63 publications

References 16 publications

Atypical myopathy: an update

Atypical myopathy: an update

The cause of atypical myopathy has been discovered – what should we do now?

The Story of Equine Atypical Myopathy: A Review from the Beginning to a Possible End

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