Seasonal regulation of NMDA receptor NR2B mRNA in the adult canary song system

Singh, Tryambak Deo; Heinrich, J; Wissman, Anne Marie; Brenowitz, Eliot A.; Nordeen, Ernest J.; Nordeen, Kathy W.

doi:10.1002/neu.10178

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…2), the time when the FoxP2 expression ratio was higher. In canaries, we observed no seasonal changes of NR2B expression in Area X, as was also shown previously (Singh et al, 2003).…”

Section: Expression Pattern Of Zffoxp2supporting

confidence: 91%

FoxP2Expression in Avian Vocal Learners and Non-Learners

Haesler¹,

Wada²,

Nshdejan³

et al. 2004

J. Neurosci.

371

361

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Most vertebrates communicate acoustically, but few, among them humans, dolphins and whales, bats, and three orders of birds, learn this trait. FOXP2 is the first gene linked to human speech and has been the target of positive selection during recent primate evolution. To test whether the expression pattern of FOXP2 is consistent with a role in learned vocal communication, we cloned zebra finch FoxP2 and its close relative FoxP1 and compared mRNA and protein distribution in developing and adult brains of a variety of avian vocal learners and non-learners, and a crocodile. We found that the protein sequence of zebra finch FoxP2 is 98% identical with mouse and human FOXP2. In the avian and crocodilian forebrain, FoxP2 was expressed predominantly in the striatum, a basal ganglia brain region affected in patients with FOXP2 mutations. Strikingly, in zebra finches, the striatal nucleus Area X, necessary for vocal learning, expressed more FoxP2 than the surrounding tissue at post-hatch days 35 and 50, when vocal learning occurs. In adult canaries, FoxP2 expression in Area X differed seasonally; more FoxP2 expression was associated with times when song becomes unstable. In adult chickadees, strawberry finches, song sparrows, and Bengalese finches, Area X expressed FoxP2 to different degrees. Non-telencephalic regions in both vocal learning and non-learning birds, and in crocodiles, were less variable in expression and comparable with regions that express FOXP2 in human and rodent brains. We conclude that differential expression of FoxP2 in avian vocal learners might be associated with vocal plasticity.

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“…2), the time when the FoxP2 expression ratio was higher. In canaries, we observed no seasonal changes of NR2B expression in Area X, as was also shown previously (Singh et al, 2003).…”

Section: Expression Pattern Of Zffoxp2supporting

confidence: 91%

FoxP2Expression in Avian Vocal Learners and Non-Learners

Haesler¹,

Wada²,

Nshdejan³

et al. 2004

J. Neurosci.

371

361

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show abstract

“…As discussed above, birds sing at very high rates over the months of the breeding season, and activity in HVC neurons is expected to be high during this period. Excitatory synaptic transmission between HVC neurons involve the activation of NMDA-type glutamate receptors (Dutar et al 2000), which contain the NR2B subunit (Singh et al 2000(Singh et al , 2003. Together, these observations raise the possibility that HVC neurons may experience high levels of DNA DSBs.…”

Section: Adult-born Neurons Replace Mature Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Neurogenesis in the Adult Avian Song-Control System

Brenowitz

Larson

2015

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol

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New neurons are added throughout the forebrain of adult birds. The song-control system is a model to investigate the addition of new long-projection neurons to a cortical circuit that regulates song, a learned sensorimotor behavior. Neuroblasts destined for the song nucleus HVC arise in the walls of the lateral ventricle, and wander through the pallium to reach HVC. The survival of new HVC neurons is supported by gonadally secreted testosterone and its downstream effectors including neurotrophins, vascularization, and electrical activity of postsynaptic neurons in nucleus RA (robust nucleus of the arcopallium). In seasonal species, the HVC!RA circuit degenerates in nonbreeding birds, and is reconstructed by the incorporation of new projection neurons in breeding birds. There is a functional linkage between the death of mature HVC neurons and the birth of new neurons. Various hypotheses for the function of adult neurogenesis in the song system can be proposed, but this remains an open question.

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“…Apart from changing the size of NMDAR-mediated currents, NMDAR subunit composition is also subject to plasticity in the adult brain. For instance, the ratio of GluN2A/GluN2B mRNA expression varies with the reproductive cycle of female rats (Gore et al, 2000), seasonal testosterone levels of male song birds (Singh et al, 2003), and chronic stress exposure (Qin et al, 2004). Although the functional consequences of these subunit modifications remain unknown, these findings raise two important points.…”

Section: Cort and Glutamate Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic regulation of NMDAR function in the adult brain by the stress hormone corticosterone

Tse¹,

Bagot²,

Wong³

2012

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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Stress and corticosteroids dynamically modulate the expression of synaptic plasticity at glutamatergic synapses in the developed brain. Together with alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptors (AMPAR), N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) are critical mediators of synaptic function and are essential for the induction of many forms of synaptic plasticity. Regulation of NMDAR function by cortisol/corticosterone (CORT) may be fundamental to the effects of stress on synaptic plasticity. Recent reports of the efficacy of NMDAR antagonists in treating certain stress-associated psychopathologies further highlight the importance of understanding the regulation of NMDAR function by CORT. Knowledge of how corticosteroids regulate NMDAR function within the adult brain is relatively sparse, perhaps due to a common belief that NMDAR function is stable in the adult brain. We review recent results from our laboratory and others demonstrating dynamic regulation of NMDAR function by CORT in the adult brain. In addition, we consider the issue of how differences in the early life environment may program differential sensitivity to modulation of NMDAR function by CORT and how this may influence synaptic function during stress. Findings from these studies demonstrate that NMDAR function in the adult hippocampus remains sensitive to even brief exposures to CORT and that the capacity for modulation of NMDAR may be programmed, in part, by the early life environment. Modulation of NMDAR function may contribute to dynamic regulation of synaptic plasticity and adaptation in the face of stress, however, enhanced NMDAR function may be implicated in mechanisms of stress-related psychopathologies including depression.

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Seasonal regulation of NMDA receptor NR2B mRNA in the adult canary song system

Cited by 24 publications

References 61 publications

FoxP2Expression in Avian Vocal Learners and Non-Learners

FoxP2Expression in Avian Vocal Learners and Non-Learners

Neurogenesis in the Adult Avian Song-Control System

Dynamic regulation of NMDAR function in the adult brain by the stress hormone corticosterone

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