Seasonal testosterone profile and testicular responsiveness to pituitary factors and gonadotrophin releasing hormone during two different phases of the sexual cycle of the frog (Rana esculenta)

Pierantoni, Riccardo; Iela, L.; d’Istria, M.; Fasano, Silvia; Rastogi, Rakesh K.; Delrio, G.

doi:10.1677/joe.0.1020387

Cited by 86 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Furthermore, since GnRH and its long acting agonist, buserelin (GnRHa), directly stimulate androgen production and spermatogonial multiplication in the frog testis (Pierantoni et al, 1984a;Pierantoni et al, 1984b;Minucci et al, 1986;Fasano et al, 1990;Rastogi et al, 1990), we performed experiments in which testis were incubated with GnRHa in order to stimulate testosterone secretion in vitro. Interestingly, fRLX expression progressively increases in testes incubated with GnRHa and reaches a peak at 6·h (G. De Rienzo, G. Izzo, D. Ferrara and S. Minucci, unpublished data), confirming the influence of testosterone on its expression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The expression level of frog relaxin mRNA (fRLX), in the testis of Rana esculenta, is influenced by testosterone

Rienzo¹,

Aniello

Branno

et al. 2006

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARY Frog relaxin (fRLX) belongs to the relaxin/insulin gene family present in the testis of Rana esculenta and is specifically expressed by Leydig cells. Since the expression of fRLX transcript changes during the reproductive cycle and is more abundant when circulating levels of androgens are relatively high, we investigated the effect(s) of testosterone and its antagonist (cyproterone acetate, CPA) on its expression pattern, in the testis of the frog Rana esculenta. Results from in vivoand in vitro experiments demonstrate that testosterone strongly induces a significant increase of fRLX mRNA expression in frog testes and, this effect is counteracted by CPA, supporting the existence of intratesticular (autocrine/paracrine) mechanisms of action. Interestingly, in both the control and testosterone-treated testes, fRLX mRNA expression was markedly decreased 24 h post-treatment, as compared to that measured at 2 h and 8 h post-treatment, suggesting that factor(s), other than testosterone, may act(s) in controlling its expression. In addition, RT-PCR analysis and in situ hybridization performed on frog testis injected with CPA for 15 days, on alternate days, showed a strong decrease of fRLX expression, suggesting that CPA counteracts the effect of testosterone on fRLX expression. Taken together our results strongly indicate that changes in the production, by the Leydig cells, of both testosterone and fRLX may represent a marker for the study of Leydig cell activity in the testis of the frog Rana esculenta.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The expression level of frog relaxin mRNA (fRLX), in the testis of Rana esculenta, is influenced by testosterone

Rienzo¹,

Aniello

Branno

et al. 2006

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Testosterone RIA: The amount of testosterone in the serum and incubation medium was measured by radioimmunoassay according to the method described previously [16,23] with some modifications. Briefly, testosterone was extracted from serum (200 µl) and incubation medium (200 µl) with diethyl ether, evaporated in a freeze dryer, reconstituted in RIA buffer, and then assayed without further purification.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Changes of Testicular Weight, Sperm Production, Serum Testosterone, and in Vitro Testosterone Release in Korean Ring-Necked Pheasants(Phasianus colchicus karpowi).

Kim

Yang

2001

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…Testosterone was extracted from plasma with ether according to the method of Pierantoni et al (1984) and from tissue using the method of Fink et al (2005). Testosterone was measured in the extracted tissue and plasma samples (Yeung et al 1988).…”

Section: Testosterone Riasmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of oestrogen receptors α and β on testicular cell number and steroidogenesis in mice

2007

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Oestrogen plays an important role in testicular function. This study used mice null for oestrogen receptor a (ERa) or b (ERb) to investigate which receptor mediates the effects of oestrogen within the testis. Groups of ERa knockout mice (aERKO) and ERb knockout mice (bERKO) and wild-type littermates (nZ5-8) were killed at 11 weeks post partum. One testis was fixed in Bouin's fluid for stereology and the other frozen for testosterone measurement. Trunk blood was collected for testosterone RIA. The optical disector combined with the fractionator methodology was used to estimate Leydig, Sertoli and germ cell numbers. At all times, the knockout animals were compared with their wild-type littermates. The physical disector quantified cells stained immunohistochemically for the apoptotic marker active caspase-3 and Hoechst staining was used to identify nuclear fragmentation. The mean Leydig cell volume was measured using the point sampled intercept method. The Leydig cell number per testis was significantly increased in bERKO mice but not in aERKO mice. Plasma and testicular testosterone concentrations were increased in aERKO mice but no changes were observed in bERKO mice. Hypertrophic Leydig cell changes were observed in aERKO mice, and a decreased mean cell volume was seen in bERKO mice. No difference in Sertoli cell number per testis was observed in any of the groups. The spermatogonial cell number per testis was increased in bERKO mice. Immunohistochemistry identified increased numbers of active caspase-3-labelled germ cells per testis in aERKO mice but not bERKO mice. Hoechst staining supported these findings. There was significant germ cell loss in aERKO mice. This study suggests that ERb may be involved in regulation of Leydig cell proliferation and testosterone production in the adult mouse testis.

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Seasonal testosterone profile and testicular responsiveness to pituitary factors and gonadotrophin releasing hormone during two different phases of the sexual cycle of the frog (Rana esculenta)

Cited by 86 publications

References 17 publications

The expression level of frog relaxin mRNA (fRLX), in the testis of Rana esculenta, is influenced by testosterone

The expression level of frog relaxin mRNA (fRLX), in the testis of Rana esculenta, is influenced by testosterone

Seasonal Changes of Testicular Weight, Sperm Production, Serum Testosterone, and in Vitro Testosterone Release in Korean Ring-Necked Pheasants(Phasianus colchicus karpowi).

The effects of oestrogen receptors α and β on testicular cell number and steroidogenesis in mice

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