Seasonal variation in basal metabolic rates among the yakut (Sakha) of Northeastern Siberia

Leonard, William R.; Lévy, Stéphanie; Tarskaia, Larissa A.; Климова, Т.М.; Федорова, В. И.; Baltakhinova, Marina E.; Krivoshapkin, Vadim G.; Snodgrass, J. Josh

doi:10.1002/ajhb.22524

Cited by 48 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In particular, thyroid hormone is a primary regulator of metabolic rate and of heat production in response to cold exposure. However, although extreme levels of thyroid hormone affect BMR and TEE, normal variation in thyroid hormone levels in healthy adults is not necessarily correlated with variation in BMR or TEE (Tagliaferri et al 2001, Klieverik et al 2009, Leonard et al 2014, Spadafranca et al 2015. Similarly, growth hormone has positive effects on BMR and TEE (Gregory et al 1991(Gregory et al , 1993Chong et al 1994), but variation in growth hormone levels among adults, even those with clinically low levels, does not necessarily predict variation in TEE (Chong et al 1994).…”

Section: Variation In and Limits To Total Energy Expenditurementioning

confidence: 85%

Energy Expenditure in Humans and Other Primates: A New Synthesis

Pontzer

2015

Annu. Rev. Anthropol.

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This article is part of a special theme on Resources. For a list of other articles in this theme, see http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/full/ 10.1146/annurev-an-44-themes Keywords doubly labeled water, flex-heart rate, factorial method, life history, total energy expenditure, basal metabolic rate AbstractThis review examines the proximate, ecological, and evolutionary determinants of energy expenditure in humans and primates, with an emphasis on empirical measurements of total energy expenditure (TEE). Body size is the main proximate determinant of TEE, both within and between species; physical activity, genetic variation, and endocrine regulation explain substantially less of the variation in TEE. Basal metabolism is the single largest component of TEE, far exceeding the cost of physical activity, digestion, growth and reproduction, and thermoregulation in most instances. Notably, differences in physical activity do not generally result in corresponding differences in TEE, undermining the utility of activity-based factorial estimates of TEE. Instead, empirical measurements of energy expenditure in humans and other primates suggest that the body adapts dynamically to long-term changes in physical activity, maintaining TEE within an evolved, and relatively narrow, physiological range. 169

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Section: Variation In and Limits To Total Energy Expenditurementioning

confidence: 85%

Energy Expenditure in Humans and Other Primates: A New Synthesis

Pontzer

2015

Annu. Rev. Anthropol.

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“…Our data suggest that during human evolution the importance of WAT browning for protection against acute cold diminished, but still might play a role in seasonal adaptation to cold. Despite the paucity of studies investigating seasonal changes in whole-body energy expenditure, there are reports of higher metabolic rates during the winter than summer (47)(48)(49). Thus, even though seasonal changes of WAT thermogenesis were not the focus of our study, such changes are of particular interest, because they indicate a physiologic response to colder weather even in a modern society, where indoor temperature is regulated and without the provocative stimulated cooling that is usually required to stimulate BAT.…”

Section: Comparison With Other Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sympathetic Innervation of Cold-Activated Brown and White Fat in Lean Young Adults

et al. 2016

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Recent work in rodents has demonstrated that basal activity of the local sympathetic nervous system is critical for maintaining brown adipocyte phenotypes in classic brown adipose tissue (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT). Accordingly, we sought to assess the relationship between sympathetic innervation and cold-induced activation of BAT and WAT in lean young adults. Methods: Twenty adult lean normal subjects (10 women and 10 men; mean age 6 SD, 23.3 6 3.8 y; body mass index, 23.7 6 2.5 kg/m 2 ) underwent 11 C-meta-hydroxyephedrin ( 11 C-HED) and 15 O-water PET imaging at rest and after exposure to mild cold (16°C) temperature. In addition, 18 F-FDG images were obtained during the cold stress condition to assess cold-activated BAT mass. Subjects were divided into 2 groups (high BAT and low BAT) based on the presence of 18 F-FDG tracer uptake. Blood flow and 11 C-HED retention index (RI, an indirect measure of sympathetic innervation) were calculated from dynamic PET scans at the location of BAT and WAT. Whole-body daily energy expenditure (DEE) during rest and cold stress was measured by indirect calorimetry. Tissue level oxygen consumption (MRO 2 ) was determined and used to calculate the contribution of cold-activated BAT and WAT to daily DEE. Results: 18 F-FDG uptake identified subjects with high and low levels of cold-activated BAT mass (high BAT, 96 6 37 g; low-BAT, 16 6 4 g). 11 C-HED RI under thermoneutral conditions significantly predicted 18 F-FDG uptake during cold stress (R 2 5 0.68, P , 0.01). In contrast to the significant increase of 11 C-HED RI during cold in BAT (2.42 6 0.85 vs. 3.43 6 0.93, P 5 0.02), cold exposure decreased the 11 C-HED RI in WAT (0.44 6 0.22 vs. 0.41 6 0.18) as a consequence of decreased perfusion (1.22 6 0.20 vs. 1.12 6 0.16 mL/100 g/min). The contribution of WAT to whole-body DEE was approximately 150 kcal/d at rest (149 6 52 kcal/d), which decreased to approximately 100 kcal/d during cold (102 6 47 kcal/d). Conclusion: The level of sympathetic innervation, as determined by 11 C-HED RI, can predict levels of functional BAT. Overall, blood flow is the best independent predictor of 11 C-HED RI and 18 F-FDG uptake across thermoneutral and cold conditions. In contrast to BAT, cold stress reduces blood flow and 18 F-FDG uptake in subcutaneous WAT, indicating that the physiologic response is to reduce heat loss rather than to generate heat.

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“…Previous work among indigenous circumpolar populations indicates that transitions in metabolic and cardiovascular health are structured by the interaction of lifestyle changes and biological adaptations to local ecological stressors (Cepon et al, 2011;Fumagalli et al, 2015;Leonard et al, 2009;Levy et al, 2012;Snodgrass et al, 2007Snodgrass et al, , 2008. In turn, enhanced thyroid hormone dynamics facilitates winter-time increases in basal metabolic rate (Leonard et al, 2014). Indigenous high-latitude populations adapt physiologically to these stressors through seasonal changes in hormone dynamics (Levy et al, 2013;P€ a€ ak€ onen and Lep-p€ aluoto, 2002).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifestyle mediates seasonal changes in metabolic health among the yakut (sakha) of northeastern siberia

Lévy

Leonard

Tarskaia

et al. 2016

American J Hum Biol

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While seasonal changes in anthropometric dimensions were modest, Yakut men and women experienced significant increases in total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol from summer to winter. These results also suggest that while Yakut individuals with greater subsistence participation are more buffered from adverse seasonal changes in cholesterol levels, they may be at a greater risk for winter increases in blood pressure. Furthermore, the interactions between lifestyle and seasonal change in metabolic health appear to differ between Yakut women and men. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 28:868-878, 2016. © 2016Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Seasonal variation in basal metabolic rates among the yakut (Sakha) of Northeastern Siberia

Cited by 48 publications

References 43 publications

Energy Expenditure in Humans and Other Primates: A New Synthesis

Energy Expenditure in Humans and Other Primates: A New Synthesis

Sympathetic Innervation of Cold-Activated Brown and White Fat in Lean Young Adults

Lifestyle mediates seasonal changes in metabolic health among the yakut (sakha) of northeastern siberia

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