Seasonal variation in<i>in vitro</i>immune activity of milk leukocytes in elite and non-elite crossbred cows of Indian sub-tropical semi-arid climate

Mukherjee, Joydip; De, Kalyan; Chaudhury, Mandira; Dang, Ajay Kumar

doi:10.1080/09291016.2015.1020200

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The highest BMSCC around the period of calving was observed in the winter, and the lowest BMSCC in these herds occurred shortly after the calving period [ 49 ]. Higher levels of SCC during hot-humid season in elite cows compared to non-elite cows indicate more stress level on the udder of these animals during this particular season [ 50 ]. In milk, casein (except γ-CN) was lower in the summer and higher during the winter season.…”

Section: Factors Affecting Milk Sccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk somatic cells, factors influencing their release, future prospects, and practical utility in dairy animals: An overview

2018

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Milk somatic cells (SCs) are a mixture of milk-producing cells and immune cells. These cells are secreted in milk during the normal course of milking and are used as an index for estimating mammary health and milk quality of dairy animals worldwide. Milk SC is influenced by cow productivity, health, parity, lactation stage, and breed of an animal. Any change in environmental conditions, poor management practices, and also stressful conditions significantly increases the amount of SC coming in milk. Better hygiene and proper nutrition help in reducing milk SC. Milk with low SC means better milk products with a longer shelf life. The present review describes the role of SCs (both secretory and immune) in milk, their role in maintaining the integrity of the mammary gland, and factors affecting their release in milk. This information may help to reduce milk somatic cell counts (SCCs) and to establish differential SCC standards.

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Section: Factors Affecting Milk Sccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk somatic cells, factors influencing their release, future prospects, and practical utility in dairy animals: An overview

2018

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“…The higher SCCs in milk, the lower the products with a shorter shelf life and vice versa. As the SCC rises, the severity of intramammary infection elevates and leads to a decreased milk yield and quality (Mukherjee et al., 2015 ). levels of SCC during hot‐humid season become higher in elite cows compared to non‐elite cows indicating more stress level on the udder of these animals during this particular season (Mukherjee et al., 2015 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the SCC rises, the severity of intramammary infection elevates and leads to a decreased milk yield and quality (Mukherjee et al., 2015 ). levels of SCC during hot‐humid season become higher in elite cows compared to non‐elite cows indicating more stress level on the udder of these animals during this particular season (Mukherjee et al., 2015 ). In milk, casein (except γ‐CN) was lower in the summer and higher during the winter season, whereas immunoglobulin G and serum albumin contents were higher in summer than in winter and spring seasons (Bernabucci et al., 2015 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk production status and associated factors among indigenous dairy cows in Raya Kobo district, north eastern Ethiopia

Abegaz

2022

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Background A cross‐sectional survey study was conducted from September 2020 to April 2021. A total of 217 households were randomly selected. The data collection instruments were structured questionnaires: focus group discussion and key informant interviews. Data were coded, entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 software. Ranking indexes as well as binary logistic regression analysis were used to look for the relationship between dependent and independent variables. Result The present study showed that season of calving, disease and parasite challenges, housing conditions and shortage of land for forage production with an index value of 0.180, 0.154, 0.153 and 0.126, respectively, were the most important constraints affecting milk production potential. Likewise, foot and mouth disease [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.001, 95% confidence interval (CI) = (0.000–0.016)], internal parasites [AOR = 0.003, 95% CI = (0.000–0.046)], shortage of grazing land [AOR = 0.017, 95% CI = (0.002–0.148)], summer season of calving [AOR = 0.012, 95% CI = (0.002–0.088)], overall cattle herd composition [AOR = 0.002, 95% CI = (0.000–0.025)], straw shed [AOR = 0.046, 95% CI = (0.006–0.327)] and open yard [AOR = 0.003, 95% CI = (0.000–0.183)] housing conditions were significantly associated with milk production status at p < 0.001 and p < 0.05. Conclusion The current study indicated that milk production status was poor. Therefore, suitable government policy support and provision of subsidies, genuine participation of dairy producers with governmental and non‐governmental organizations are imperative to improve livestock productivity. Furthermore, future research and development actions should find solutions to decrease the bottlenecks so that the massive potentials of the area could be exploited to its maximum and could advance the livelihood of the community.

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“…High-milk-producing cows experience increased stress due to production demands, compromising their immunity and resulting in elevated SCC in their milk [22]. This effect is especially pronounced in high-producing cows during hot and humid seasons compared to their mid-and low-producing counterparts, indicating increased udder stress during this period [51]. Lee et al [45] reported a significant increase in SCC in cows when the THI exceeded the breakpoint, a finding mirrored by Hagiya et al [52], who observed a marked increase in SCC beyond the THI threshold.…”

Section: Effect Of Temperature-humidity Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Associations between Season, Month, and Temperature-Humidity Index with Milk Yield, Composition, Somatic Cell Counts, and Microbial Load: A Comprehensive Study across Ten Dairy Farms over an Annual Cycle

Bokharaeian,

Toghdory,

Ghoorchi

et al. 2023

Animals

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This current study addresses the knowledge gap regarding the influence of seasons, months, and THI on milk yield, composition, somatic cell counts (SCC), and total bacterial counts (TBC) of dairy farms in northeastern regions of Iran. For this purpose, ten dairy herds were randomly chosen, and daily milk production records were obtained. Milk samples were systematically collected from individual herds upon delivery to the dairy processing facility for subsequent analysis, including fat, protein, solids-not-fat (SNF), pH, SCC, and TBC. The effects of seasons, months, and THI on milk yield, composition, SCC, and TBC were assessed using an analysis of variance. To account for these effects, a mixed-effects model was utilized with a restricted maximum likelihood approach, treating month and THI as fixed factors. Our investigation revealed noteworthy correlations between key milk parameters and seasonal, monthly, and THI variations. Winter showed the highest milk yield, fat, protein, SNF, and pH (p < 0.01), whereas both SCC and TBC reached their lowest values in winter (p < 0.01). The highest values for milk yield, fat, and pH were recorded in January (p < 0.01), while the highest protein and SNF levels were observed in March (p < 0.01). December marked the lowest SCC and TBC values (p < 0.01). Across the THI spectrum, spanning from −3.6 to 37.7, distinct trends were evident. Quadratic regression models accounted for 34.59%, 21.33%, 4.78%, 20.22%, 1.34%, 15.42%, and 13.16% of the variance in milk yield, fat, protein, SNF, pH, SCC, and TBC, respectively. In conclusion, our findings underscore the significant impact of THI on milk production, composition, SCC, and TBC, offering valuable insights for dairy management strategies. In the face of persistent challenges posed by climate change, these results provide crucial guidance for enhancing production efficiency and upholding milk quality standards.

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Seasonal variation inin vitroimmune activity of milk leukocytes in elite and non-elite crossbred cows of Indian sub-tropical semi-arid climate

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

Milk somatic cells, factors influencing their release, future prospects, and practical utility in dairy animals: An overview

Milk somatic cells, factors influencing their release, future prospects, and practical utility in dairy animals: An overview

Milk production status and associated factors among indigenous dairy cows in Raya Kobo district, north eastern Ethiopia

Quantitative Associations between Season, Month, and Temperature-Humidity Index with Milk Yield, Composition, Somatic Cell Counts, and Microbial Load: A Comprehensive Study across Ten Dairy Farms over an Annual Cycle

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