Seasonal variation in nitrate reductase activity in needles of high-elevation red spruce trees

Tjoelker, Mark G.; McLaughlin, S.B.; DiCosty, R.J.; Lindbeŕg, Steven E.; Norby, Richard J.

doi:10.1139/x92-049

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…We assumed that effective metabolism of nitrogen originating from pollution or excessive N load may be a key factor responsible for these differences. Enhanced sulfate and nitrate from cloud-water deposition was assumed to be a major factor in the high mortality and growth decline of Picea rubens in high-altitude spruce/fir forests of the northeastern U.S.A. (Tjoelker et al, 1992;Adams et al, 1992). These studies suggested that cloudwater N inputs increase frost susceptibility, and that repeated winter injury may play a role in red spruce decline.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential reaction of Pinus sylvestris, quercus robur and Q. petraea trees to nitrogen and sulfur pollution

Karolewski

Giertych

Oleksyn

et al. 2005

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Establishment of the Nitrogen Fertilizer Factory in Pulawy, Poland (NFFP) in 1966 resulted in contamination of the environment with nitrogen and sulfur compounds. As a result, radial stem growth declined in Pinus sylvestris and increased in Quercus robur. In this study we explored possible causal agents responsible for differences in pollution response among P. sylvestris, Q. robur and Q. petraea species, including differential uptake of nitrogen oxide pollutants by foliage and nutrient imbalances. We compared trees growing in the vicinity of the NFFP and a control area and found that Q. robur leaves were characterized by a relatively smaller N increase than those of P. sylvestris. It is possible that relatively high accumulation of N by pine could cause metabolic dysfunction in that species. However, differences in the concentration of nitrogen or activity of nitrate reductase did not sufficiently explain observed growth differences among the studied species. It is likely that among the factors contributing to the increased growth of oaks after the establishment of NFFP there is the rapid decline and mortality of pollution-sensitive Scots pine trees, easing competition for light and nutrients in the remaining Quercus trees.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential reaction of Pinus sylvestris, quercus robur and Q. petraea trees to nitrogen and sulfur pollution

Karolewski

Giertych

Oleksyn

et al. 2005

Water Air Soil Pollut

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“…Nitrate reductase activity has been measured in many forest tree species, particularly in conifers (Theobald and Smith 1974;Adams and Attiwill 1982;Schmidt et al 1991;Tjoelker et al 1991). Experiments with conifers have provided most of the data concerning N-form utilization of trees, and have generally shown that reduced nitrogen (ammonium) is the preferred N-source (Gijsman 1991;Sarjala 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activities in relation to growth and nitrogen assimilation in red oak and red ash seedlings: effects of N-forms, N concentration and light intensity

Truax

Gagnon

Chevrier

1994

Trees

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Abstract. The effects of growing seedlings of red oak (Quercus rubra) and red ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) with Hoagland solutions containing five N-regimes, differing in the N-forms (NH4, NO3) and concentrations (High and Low), in relation to light intensity were investigated by the utilization of enzymatic markers of the N assimilation pathway, nitrate reductase (NR) and glutamine synthetase (GS). Red oak and red ash showed different patterns of N-assimilation. Red oak seedlings assimilated NO3 in low amounts in their roots and leaves, whereas red ash seedlings assimilated high amounts of NO3, mostly in the leaves. A significant amount of constitutive NR activity was found in red oak seedlings supplied with NH4 N-regime. This could be characteristic of a species adapted to soils that are poor in nitrogen. Root GS activity was lower in red oak seedlings than in red ash seedlings, indicating that the rate of NH4 assimilation differed in these two hardwood species. Low irradiance reduced growth of both hardwood species, but greatly affected the specific leaf area of red ash and reduced NO3 assimilation (when data are expressed per leaf area). Both species reacted similarly to N-regimes in terms of relative growth rate.

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“…Although soil NO 3 --N availability is the most frequently cited factor that regulates plant NRA (e.g., Tjoelker et al 1992;Troelstra et al 1995), it seems unlikely that the change in soil NO 3 --N availability functioned as a major regulating factor of leaf NRA in the present study. Soil NO 3 --N availability generally fluctuates temporally, although we lack sufficient information on seasonal changes in soil NO 3 --N availability at the study site.…”

Section: Leaf Nra Controlled By Leaf Growth Stagementioning

confidence: 67%

“…Soil NO 3 --N availability is a frequently cited external cause because NR is substrateinducible. For example, temporal changes in NRA corresponding with changes in soil NO 3 --N availability were observed in shoots of Deschampsia flexuosa (Troelstra et al 1995) and Picea rubens needles (Tjoelker et al 1992). Troelstra et al (1995) observed that the foliar NRA of D. flexuosa was high in early spring and concluded that the foliar NRA of this species might in part be induced by low ambient temperature, in addition to high soil NO 3 --N availability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal changes in nitrate use by three woody species: the importance of the leaf-expansion period

Koyama

Tokuchi

Fukushima

et al. 2008

Trees

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Seasonal changes in plant NO 3 --N use were investigated by measuring leaf nitrate reductase activity (NRA), leaf N concentration, and leaf expansion in one evergreen woody species (Quercus glauca Thunb.) and two deciduous woody species [Acer palmatum Thunb. and Zelkova serrata (Thunb.) Makino]. Leaf N concentration was highest at the beginning of leaf expansion and decreased during the expansion process to a steady state at the point of full leaf expansion in all species. The leaf NRA of all species was very low at the beginning of leaf expansion, followed by a rapid increase and subsequent decrease. The highest leaf NRA was observed in the middle of the leaf-expansion period, and the lowest leaf NRA occurred in summer for all species. Significant positive correlations were detected between leaf NRA and leaf expansion rates, while leaf N concentrations were negatively correlated with leaf area. In the evergreen Q. glauca, the N concentration in current buds increased before leaves opened; concurrently, the N concentration in 1-year-old leaves decreased by 25%. Our results show that the leafexpansion period is the most important period for NO 3 --N assimilation by broadleaf tree species, and that decreases in leaf N concentration through the leaf-expansion period are at least partly compensated for by newly assimilated NO 3 --N in current leaves.

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Seasonal variation in nitrate reductase activity in needles of high-elevation red spruce trees

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Differential reaction of Pinus sylvestris, quercus robur and Q. petraea trees to nitrogen and sulfur pollution

Differential reaction of Pinus sylvestris, quercus robur and Q. petraea trees to nitrogen and sulfur pollution

Nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activities in relation to growth and nitrogen assimilation in red oak and red ash seedlings: effects of N-forms, N concentration and light intensity

Seasonal changes in nitrate use by three woody species: the importance of the leaf-expansion period

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