Seasonal variation in nitrogen pools and &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;15&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;N/&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;13&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;C natural abundances in different tissues of grassland plants

Wang, L.; Schjøerring, Jan K.

doi:10.5194/bg-9-1583-2012

Cited by 38 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…Mattsson et al (2009b) also observed a sharp (factor 10) increase in the apoplastic NH + 4 concentration of newly emerging leaves after cutting and fertilization of mixed grassland, whereby the NH 3 compensation point peaked the day after the fertilizer was applied and thereafter decreased over the following 10 days until reaching the same level as before fertilization. Smaller increases in s associated with grass cuts and grazing have also been reported van Hove et al, 2002;Loubet et al, 2002;Wang and Schjoerring, 2012).…”

Section: Fertilization Effects On the Apoplastic Emission Potentialmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Ammonia emissions from the leaf litter, even if understood in principle, remain very uncertain due to the limited number of studies (e.g. Denmead et al, 1976;Harper et al, 1987;Nemitz et al, 2000a;Mattsson and Schjoerring, 2003;David et al, 2009;Wang and Schjoerring, 2012). The literature generally indicates very large litter values but their temporal dynamics are poorly understood.…”

Section: Emission Potential Of the Leaf Litter And Influence Of Plantmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitrogen re-allocation from ageing leaves to younger leaves, to growing seeds and to storage for the next growing season may also occur in annual and biennial non-woody plants, such as many agricultural crops, and in perennial grasslands (Wang and Schjoerring, 2012). However, in many cases all the non-harvested above-ground biomass eventually returns to soil, either as litterfall during the growing season, or after harvest.…”

Section: Nitrogen Content In Leaf Litter and Other Residues In Crops mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus the soil layer is the ultimate resting place for the non-harvested stem and foliar N, both from bottomcanopy senescent leaves dropping to litter during the growing season, as well as litterfall following complete senescence or harvest. In a ryegrass (Lolium perenne) grassland, Wang and Schjoerring (2012) found that green photosynthesizing leaves generally had the largest total N concentration, followed by stems and inflorescences. By contrast, the lowest total N content occurred in senescent leaves, indicative of N re-allocation.…”

Section: Nitrogen Content In Leaf Litter and Other Residues In Crops mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in understanding, models and parameterizations of biosphere-atmosphere ammonia exchange

et al. 2013

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Atmospheric ammonia (NH₃) dominates global emissions of total reactive nitrogen (N_r), while emissions from agricultural production systems contribute about two-thirds of global NH₃ emissions; the remaining third emanates from oceans, natural vegetation, humans, wild animals and biomass burning. On land, NH₃ emitted from the various sources eventually returns to the biosphere by dry deposition to sink areas, predominantly semi-natural vegetation, and by wet and dry deposition as ammonium (NH₄⁺) to all surfaces. However, the land/atmosphere exchange of gaseous NH₃ is in fact bi-directional over unfertilized as well as fertilized ecosystems, with periods and areas of emission and deposition alternating in time (diurnal, seasonal) and space (patchwork landscapes). The exchange is controlled by a range of environmental factors, including meteorology, surface layer turbulence, thermodynamics, air and surface heterogeneous-phase chemistry, canopy geometry, plant development stage, leaf age, organic matter decomposition, soil microbial turnover, and, in agricultural systems, by fertilizer application rate, fertilizer type, soil type, crop type, and agricultural management practices. We review the range of processes controlling NH₃ emission and uptake in the different parts of the soil-canopy-atmosphere continuum, with NH₃ emission potentials defined at the substrate and leaf levels by different [NH₄⁺] / [H⁺] ratios (Γ). Surface/atmosphere exchange models for NH₃ are necessary to compute the temporal and spatial patterns of emissions and deposition at the soil, plant, field, landscape, regional and global scales, in order to assess the multiple environmental impacts of airborne and deposited NH₃ and NH₄⁺. Models of soil/vegetation/atmosphere NH₃ exchange are reviewed from the substrate and leaf scales to the global scale. They range from simple steady-state, "big leaf" canopy resistance models, to dynamic, multi-layer, multi-process, multi-chemical species schemes. Their level of complexity depends on their purpose, the spatial scale at which they are applied, the current level of parameterization, and the availability of the input data they require. State-of-the-art solutions for determining the emission/sink Γ potentials through the soil/canopy system include coupled, interactive chemical transport models (CTM) and soil/ecosystem modelling at the regional scale. However, it remains a matter for debate to what extent realistic options for future regional and global models should be based on process-based mechanistic versus empirical and regression-type models. Further discussion is needed on the extent and timescale by which new approaches can be used, such as integration with ecosystem models and satellite observations

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Section: Fertilization Effects On the Apoplastic Emission Potentialmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Emission Potential Of the Leaf Litter And Influence Of Plantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nitrogen Content In Leaf Litter and Other Residues In Crops mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nitrogen Content In Leaf Litter and Other Residues In Crops mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in understanding, models and parameterizations of biosphere-atmosphere ammonia exchange

et al. 2013

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“…Such concentrations show higher sensitivities than bulk N and NRA parameters in revealing species-level responses to N enrichment (Fenn et al, 1996; Jones et al, 2008; Tang et al, 2012). The increase in NO − 3 concentration in roots and or leaves with external NO − 3 was observed under both natural soil conditions and experimental N addition (e.g., Stewart et al, 1993; Lexa and Cheeseman, 1997; Wang and Schjoerring, 2012). However, the level of leaf NO − 3 and its response to soil NO − 3 variation differ among species with distinct uptake or accumulation rates.…”

Section: Concentration Levels and Implications Of No−3 In Natural Plantsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Nitrate dynamics in natural plants: insights based on the concentration and natural isotope abundances of tissue nitrate

et al. 2014

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The dynamics of nitrate (NO−3), a major nitrogen (N) source for natural plants, has been studied mostly through experimental N addition, enzymatic assay, isotope labeling, and genetic expression. However, artificial N supply may not reasonably reflect the N strategies in natural plants because NO−3 uptake and reduction may vary with external N availability. Due to abrupt application and short operation time, field N addition, and isotopic labeling hinder the elucidation of in situ NO−3-use mechanisms. The concentration and natural isotopes of tissue NO−3 can offer insights into the plant NO−3 sources and dynamics in a natural context. Furthermore, they facilitate the exploration of plant NO−3 utilization and its interaction with N pollution and ecosystem N cycles without disturbing the N pools. The present study was conducted to review the application of the denitrifier method for concentration and isotope analyses of NO−3 in plants. Moreover, this study highlights the utility and advantages of these parameters in interpreting NO−3 sources and dynamics in natural plants. We summarize the major sources and reduction processes of NO−3 in plants, and discuss the implications of NO−3 concentration in plant tissues based on existing data. Particular emphasis was laid on the regulation of soil NO−3 and plant ecophysiological functions in interspecific and intra-plant NO−3 variations. We introduce N and O isotope systematics of NO−3 in plants and discuss the principles and feasibilities of using isotopic enrichment and fractionation factors; the correlation between concentration and isotopes (N and O isotopes: δ18O and Δ17O); and isotope mass-balance calculations to constrain sources and reduction of NO−3 in possible scenarios for natural plants are deliberated. Finally, we offer a preliminary framework of intraplant δ18O-NO−3 variation, and summarize the uncertainties in using tissue NO−3 parameters to interpret plant NO−3 utilization.

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Isotopic composition of sheep wool records seasonality of climate and diet

Zazzo

Cerling

Ehleringer

et al. 2015

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Seasonal variation in nitrogen pools and <sup>15</sup>N/<sup>13</sup>C natural abundances in different tissues of grassland plants

Cited by 38 publications

References 77 publications

Advances in understanding, models and parameterizations of biosphere-atmosphere ammonia exchange

Advances in understanding, models and parameterizations of biosphere-atmosphere ammonia exchange

Nitrate dynamics in natural plants: insights based on the concentration and natural isotope abundances of tissue nitrate

Isotopic composition of sheep wool records seasonality of climate and diet

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