Seasonal Variations in Rubber Biosynthesis, 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A Reductase, and Rubber Transferase Activities in Parthenium argentatum in the Chihuahuan Desert

Ji, Wan; Benedict, C. R.; Foster, M. A.

doi:10.1104/pp.103.2.535

Cited by 44 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…This tomato HMG1 mRNA accumulation pattern during lag and early exponential growth phases is coincident with the induction of HMGR activity in tobacco suspension cell cultures at the same growth phase (Hemmerlin and Bach 1998). Finally, the tomato HMG1 expression pattern is also consistent with previous reports of plant HMG gene expression associated with tissues undergoing cell division and growth in Arabidopsis (Enjuto et al 1994;Enjuto et al 1995), Parthenium (Ji et al 1993), and wheat (Aoyagi et al 1993) HMG genes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Regulation of tomato HMG1 during cell proliferation and growth

Jelesko

Jenkins

Rodríguez‐Concepción

et al. 1999

Planta

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The enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGR, EC 1.1.1.34) is encoded by a small multigene family in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and catalyzes the synthesis of mevalonic acid (MVA), a committed step in the biosynthesis of sterols and isoprenoids. A chimeric HMG1::GUS reporter gene fusion was used to analyze the regulation of HMG1 gene expression in detail. HMG1 promoter 5¢ deletion mutants established the boundary of a fully inducible promoter. In HMG1::GUS transgenic tomato plants, histochemical staining with 5-bromo-3-indolylglucuronide demonstrated that HMG1 was primarily expressed in shoot and root meristems, and in young tomato fruit. This result was con®rmed by both HMG1 in-situ hybridization and RNA gel blot analysis. Tomato suspension cell experiments showed that steady-state HMG1 mRNA accumulated during lag and exponential growth phases, but not during the stationary phase. Transient expression of the HMG1::GUS in tissue culture cells treated with mevinolin indicated that HMG1 expression was subject to feedback regulation by a biosynthetic product derived from MVA. These results suggest that a primary, although not exclusive, role of HMG1 is to supply the MVA demand associated with cell division and growth.Abbreviations: BF = breaker stage fruit; CaMV = cauli¯ower mosaic virus; GUS = uidA gene encoding b-glucuronidase activity; HMG-CoA = 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A; HMGR = 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase; HMG1 = one of four tomato genes encoding HMGR activity; HMG1::GUS = a chimeric in-frame HMG1 gene fusion to GUS; LUC = ®re¯y luciferase; MG = mature green stage fruit; MVA = mevalonic acid; PG = polygalacturonase gene; RF = red ®rm stage fruit; TF = turning stage fruit; YF = young stage fruit; X-Gluc = 5-bromo-3-indolyl-glucuronide Correspondence to:

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Regulation of tomato HMG1 during cell proliferation and growth

Jelesko

Jenkins

Rodríguez‐Concepción

et al. 1999

Planta

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“…3) (Benedict et al, 1986) RT was stimulated by the accumulative hours of low temperatures 13 • C and below. Ji et al (1993) demonstrated that of the temperatures below 13 • C, RT activity in the guayule stems was stimulated by the accumulative hours of 5-7 • C in the fall and winter of the Chihuahuan Desert. Both Bonner (1943) and Reprinted from Ji et al (1993).…”

Section: Biochemical Reactions Induced By Low Temperaturesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Rubber biosynthesis in Parthenium argentatum Gray (guayule) is stimulated by low temperatures (Appleton and van Staden, 1991;Benedict et al, 2008Benedict et al, , 1986Bonner, 1943;Cornish and Backhaus, 2003;Downes and Tonnet, 1985;Gilliland et al, 1985;Goss et al, 1984;Ji et al, 1993;Sundar and Reddy, 2000;Veatch-Blohm et al, 2007). The majority of low temperatures in these reports ranged from 15 to 5 • C. In experimental plots in the Chihuahuan Desert, Benedict et al (1986) demonstrated that rubber biosynthesis and rubber transferase (RT) activity over several months in the fall and winter were correlated to the accumulative hours of temperature of 13 • C and below.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The majority of low temperatures in these reports ranged from 15 to 5 • C. In experimental plots in the Chihuahuan Desert, Benedict et al (1986) demonstrated that rubber biosynthesis and rubber transferase (RT) activity over several months in the fall and winter were correlated to the accumulative hours of temperature of 13 • C and below. Of the temperatures below 13 • C, Ji et al (1993) demonstrated that rubber synthesis and the activities of RT and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) were correlated to the accumulative hours of 5-7 • C in the Chihuahuan Desert. Bonner (1943) and Goss et al (1984) had previously demonstrated that rubber biosynthesis in guayule grown in greenhouses and growth chambers was stimulated by exposure of the plants to a low night temperature of 5-7 • C for several months.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A biochemical and ultrastructural analysis of rubber biosynthesis in Parthenium argentatum Gray in the Chihuahuan Desert

Benedict

Goss

Greer

et al. 2013

Industrial Crops and Products

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“…Therefore we are interested in cloning and characterization of Hevea hmgr1 gene from RRII 105 because of its pivotal role in rubber biosynthesis. Ji et al (1993) demonstrated that hmgr1 activity was positively correlated with rubber biosynthesis as well as latex yield. As in the case with most other crops, major improvements have been made over the last century in the productivity of rubber, as the yield of dry rubber per acre have been increased significantly by releasing elite clones through conventional breeding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Molecular cloning and characterization of a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase 1 (hmgr1) gene from rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.): A key gene involved in isoprenoid biosynthesis

Venkatachalam

Rout

Rekha

et al. 2009

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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Natural rubber (cis-1,4-polyisoprene) is a secondary metabolite produced in the laticiferous tissue of Hevea tree. Mevalonate synthesis, which is the first step in isoprenoid biosynthesis, is catalyzed by the enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarylcoenzyme A reductase 1 (hmgr1). We have cloned and characterized a full-length cDNA as well as genomic DNA for hmgr1 gene from an elite Indian rubber clone (RRII 105). The nucleotide sequence of the genomic clone comprises 4 exons and 3 introns, giving a total length of 2440 bp. The sequences of 42 bp 5' UTR and 69 bp of the 3' UTR were also determined. The hmgr1 cDNA contained an open reading frame of 1838 bp coding for 575 amino acid protein with a theoretical pI value of 6.6 and the calculated protein M W was 61.6 kDa. The deduced amino acid sequence showed high identity with other plant hmgr1 sequences. The amino acid sequence of the Hevea hmgr1 revealed several motifs which are highly conserved and common to the other plant species. These sequence conservations suggest a strong evolutionary pressure to maintain amino acid residues at specific positions, indicating that the conserved motifs might play important roles in the structural and/or catalytic properties of the enzyme. Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA from Hevea probed with a genomic fragment indicated that there were at least three isoforms of hmgr in Hevea. This result reveals that hmgr1 is one of the members of a small gene family. (Northern blot analysis showed that hmgr1 mRNA transcripts were noticed in all tissues - latex, leaf, immature leaf, and seedlings), however, the abundance of transcript level was higher in latex cells. As one step towards a better understanding of the role that this enzyme plays in coordinating isoprenoid biosynthesis in plants, hmgr1 cDNA was over expressed in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Transgenic plants were morphologically distinguishable from control wild-type plants and an increased expression level of hmgr1 mRNA was detected. These data suggest that hmgr1 gene expression is playing an important role in isoprenoid biosynthesis.

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Seasonal Variations in Rubber Biosynthesis, 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A Reductase, and Rubber Transferase Activities in Parthenium argentatum in the Chihuahuan Desert

Cited by 44 publications

References 18 publications

Regulation of tomato HMG1 during cell proliferation and growth

Regulation of tomato HMG1 during cell proliferation and growth

A biochemical and ultrastructural analysis of rubber biosynthesis in Parthenium argentatum Gray in the Chihuahuan Desert

Molecular cloning and characterization of a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase 1 (hmgr1) gene from rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.): A key gene involved in isoprenoid biosynthesis

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