Seasonality of PCDD/Fs in the ambient air of Malopolska Region, southern Poland

Gunther, Umlauf; Christoph, Eugen H.; Eisenreich, Steven J.; Mariani, Giovanna; Bostjan, Paradiz; Vives, Íngrid

doi:10.1007/s11356-009-0215-4

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…These levels may reflect the influences of different sources, such as industrial emissions from the Black Triangle and domestic heating (burning of wood and coal). 34 The concentrations of PCBs and of HCB fall within the range of values reported in snow from remote regions, whereas the concentrations of past and current use pesticides (HCHs and endosulfans) are lower than those found in previous studies.…”

Section: ' Experimental Sectionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Long-Range Transported Atmospheric Pollutants in Snowpacks Accumulated at Different Altitudes in the Tatra Mountains (Slovakia)

Arellano

Fernández

Tátosová

et al. 2011

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including polychlorobiphenyls (PCB), endosulfans, hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), polybromodiphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), were analyzed in snowpack samples collected along an altitudinal gradient (1683-2634 meters above sea level) in the High Tatra Mountains (Slovakia). All analyzed compounds were found at all altitudes, pointing to their global distribution. The presence of PBDEs, particularly BDE 209, in the snowpack samples is especially relevant, as it reflects the air transport capacity of this low volatile, very hydrophobic pollutant to remote mountain regions. The most abundant compounds at all altitudes were PAHs, with mean values ranging from 90 to 300 ngL(-1), 1 order of magnitude higher than concentrations of other compounds. PCBs (sum of PCB 28, 52, 101, 118, 153, 138, and 180) and BDE 209 were the dominant organohalogen pollutants, with concentrations from 550 to 1600 pg L(-1) and from 670 to 2000 pgL(-1), respectively. Low brominated PBDEs, endosulfans, HCHs and HCB were consistently found in all samples at lower concentrations. The concentrations of these compounds correlated positively with altitude (i.e., negatively with temperature), which is consistent with cold-trapping effects. The regression coefficients were positive and statistically significant (p < 0.05) for all compounds except BDE 209, endosulfan sulfate, HCB and α-HCH. Contrariwise, the concentrations of BDE 209 and endosulfan sulfate exhibited a statistically significant positive correlation with total particle amount, which agrees with long-range atmospheric transport associated to aerosols according to the physical-chemical properties of these compounds. Snow specific surface area, which determines the maximum amount of each organic compound that can be sorbed by snow, proved utile for describing the distribution of the more volatile compounds, namely α-HCB and HCB, in the snowpack.

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Section: ' Experimental Sectionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Long-Range Transported Atmospheric Pollutants in Snowpacks Accumulated at Different Altitudes in the Tatra Mountains (Slovakia)

Arellano

Fernández

Tátosová

et al. 2011

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…The lowest concentrations were measured during the summer season (2006/8/3-8/6). This trend matches results compiled by other countries (Lorber et al, 1998;Lohmann et al, 1999;Ok and Moon, 1999;Umlauf et al, 2010). The PCDD/F concentrations in ambient air have been found to be closely correlated with meteorological conditions as well as the emission strength (Yunje and Jaehoon, 1999).…”

Section: Variation In Ambient Pcdd/f Concentrations In Northern Taiwasupporting

confidence: 87%

Increase of Ambient PCDD/F Concentrations in Northern Taiwan during Asian Dust Storm and Winter Monsoon Episodes

Hsien¹,

Chou

Peng

et al. 2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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In the spring, Asian dust storms that originate in the deserts of Mongolia and China eventually reach the populated areas of East Asia. The dust storm particles usually contain diverse organic matter and nutrients that may have an adverse effect on human health. In winter, northeast monsoon episodes that originate in the mainland China not only bring cold air but also transport dust and air pollutants to Taiwan over long distances. Based on the above, the presence of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), in the suspended particles undergoing long-range transport needs to be investigated. In this study, the atmospheric concentrations of PCDD/Fs were monitored and investigated during an Asian dust storm episode and northeast monsoon episode in northern Taiwan. The sampling results indicate that the atmospheric PCDD/Fs observed at two remote sampling sites ranged from 7.46 ± 0.7 to 37. rd December 2008, respectively. Specifically, higher levels of PCDFs (by 70%-76%) were measured in northern Taiwan during these long-range transport periods. As no specific dioxin emission sources exist within 20 km of our sampling sites, the increase in PCDD/F concentrations observed at these two remote sampling sites is likely to be related to the Asian dust storm and northeast monsoon episodes and the pollutants would seem to have come from mainland China.

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“…Model estimations show low air concentrations for PAH in Norway, whilst southern Poland has one of Europe's highest PAH levels (Gusev et al 2007). A recent study (Umlauf et al 2010) confirms the presence of high levels of PAH (represented by benzo[a]pyrene) in winter in southern Poland due to the practice of wood and coal combustion for domestic heating.…”

Section: Backwards Air Mass Trajectoriesmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…These differences are in good correspondence with the surroundings of each sampling station. Thus, the marine station, IZO, shows significantly lower values than the European continental stations, and among these, the one located in the area of influence of potential high PAH levels from the European continent, such as the Black Triangle area and southern Poland (Gusev et al 2007;Umlauf et al 2010), has the highest airborne gas and particle phase concentrations.…”

Section: Atmospheric Pah Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in remote European and Atlantic sites located above the boundary mixing layer

Drooge

Fernández

Grimalt

et al. 2010

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The differences in PAH levels between sites, with the lowest concentrations found in Tenerife and the highest in the High Tatras, suggest the geographical influence of regional emissions on the sites, especially in the cold periods and for the sites in the eastern sector of the European continent. This is supported by air mass back-trajectories analysis for the samples on the different sites. The influence of the continent is not detectable in the case of the elevated site of Tenerife where the free troposphere has been sampled. The results in this study are consistent with the PAH levels found in soils and/or high mountain lake sediments from these areas.

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Seasonality of PCDD/Fs in the ambient air of Malopolska Region, southern Poland

Cited by 25 publications

References 16 publications

Long-Range Transported Atmospheric Pollutants in Snowpacks Accumulated at Different Altitudes in the Tatra Mountains (Slovakia)

Long-Range Transported Atmospheric Pollutants in Snowpacks Accumulated at Different Altitudes in the Tatra Mountains (Slovakia)

Increase of Ambient PCDD/F Concentrations in Northern Taiwan during Asian Dust Storm and Winter Monsoon Episodes

Atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in remote European and Atlantic sites located above the boundary mixing layer

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