Seat Belts: A Review of Technological Milestones, Regulatory Advancements, and Anticipated Future Trajectories

Agarwal, Gunjan; Kidambi, Narayanan; Lange, Robert

doi:10.4271/2021-01-5097

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 24 publications

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“…Putting models into practice for damage reduction using actuators and sensors, where it's also required to design their codes so they can be activated in accident circumstances [6].If we look at evolution from one perspective, we can see that almost every generation has seen technological advancements in design, modeling, and application that have resulted in automation. All of this evolution has had the same primary objective, which is to reduce injuries sustained in accidents, which is understandable given that it is still a practice that should be permitted [7]. Although the use of technology raises concerns, if all potential outcomes are anticipated for an issue, then its solution is facilitated.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative Approaches for Automated Seat Belt Compliance Detection

2023

jjmie

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This research delves into the significance of seat belt utilization, particularly within public transportation, for both drivers and passengers. The article examines the issue of non-compliance with seat belt regulations, including the use of counterfeit manufacturer items to disable seat belt warnings and improper seat belt positioning. With a focus on advanced technology, the article proposes various technical approaches to enhance the automatic detection of seat belt usage. These suggested methods entail the integration of a camera and buzzer with a microcontroller of seat belt compliance detection and the development of a supervised machine learning model that achieved a 99% accuracy rate in identifying seat belt usage through image analysis. Furthermore, the research introduces an innovative approach to verifying individuals' specific health conditions that health authorities have granted limited exemptions from wearing seat belts. The ultimate objective of this study is to promote seat belt usage, thereby safeguarding both drivers and passengers. It is intended that the findings of this research be considered by the vehicle manufacturing industry.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative Approaches for Automated Seat Belt Compliance Detection

2023

jjmie

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Design and simulation analysis of a Rack & Pinion seat recliner mechanism

Madheswaran,

Ganesamoorthy,

Manikandan

et al. 2024

Fourth International Conference on Advances in Physical Sciences and Materials: Icapsm 2023

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Evaluation of Occupant Kinematics and Kinetics during Moderate Severity Simulated Frontal Impacts with and without Frontal Airbag Deployment

Sharpe¹,

Grijalva²,

Allin³

et al. 2023

SAE Technical Paper Series

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Airbag and seat belt pretensioner deployment characteristics depend on multiple factors, such as the magnitude, direction, and rate of vehicle deceleration as detected by vehicle crash sensors and evaluated by vehicle-specific algorithms. Frontal airbag and pretensioner deployments are likely to be commanded during frontal crash events with high initial vehicle deceleration typically associated with high vehicle change in velocity (delta-V). However, within a range of moderate changes in vehicle speeds, referred to as the “gray zone,” a vehicle-specific algorithm may or may not command deployment depending on crash pulse parameters and occupant sensing, among other items. Publicly available testing in the moderate-speed range is lacking and would be useful to evaluate the effects of airbag and pretensioner deployment on occupant kinematics and loading. In this study, sled tests were performed using a standard passenger vehicle buck simulating frontal deceleration impact events in a “gray-zone” severity of 19 kph (12 mph) delta-V and in a typical deployment severity of 32 kph (20 mph) delta-V. Matched sled tests were performed with and without airbag deployment with instrumented Hybrid III 50th percentile anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) properly belted in the driver and front passenger seats. Additionally, one paired test was conducted at 19 kph with and without pretensioner deployment in the presence of airbag deployment. Airbag deployment for the 19 kph delta-V tests did not significantly affect occupant kinematics or loading compared to the non-deployment tests, while some differences were apparent for the 32 kph delta-V tests. In all tests, injury metrics were well below applicable injury assessment reference values (IARVs).</div></div>

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Seat Belts: A Review of Technological Milestones, Regulatory Advancements, and Anticipated Future Trajectories

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

Innovative Approaches for Automated Seat Belt Compliance Detection

Innovative Approaches for Automated Seat Belt Compliance Detection

Design and simulation analysis of a Rack & Pinion seat recliner mechanism

Evaluation of Occupant Kinematics and Kinetics during Moderate Severity Simulated Frontal Impacts with and without Frontal Airbag Deployment

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