“…Six regimes, in the cities of Atlanta, Chicago, Detroit, Houston, Pittsburgh, and St. Louis, were classified as developmental. Fort Lauderdale Stone (1989Stone ( , 2001 Baltimore Progressive Levine (1987), Orr (1992), Stoker (1987) Chicago Developmental Bennett et al (1988), Mier, Moe, and Sherr (1986), Ferman (1996) Detroit Developmental Klemanski (1993, 1999), Orr and Stoker (1994), Rich (1991) Ft. Lauderdale Caretaker Turner (1992), Vogel (1992) Houston Developmental Capek and Gilderbloom (1992), Feagin (1988), Parker and Feagin (1990), Thomas and Murray (1992) Minneapolis Progressive Nickel (1995) New Orleans Caretaker Whelan (1987), Whelan and Young (1991), Whelan, Young, and Lauria (1994) Pittsburgh Developmental Ferman (1996) Portland Progressive Leo (1998) San Francisco Progressive DeLeon (1991, 1992a, 1992b), Keating (1986) Seattle Progressive Gordon et al (1991) St. Louis Developmental Glassberg (1991) Tampa Progressive Kerstein (1991), Turner (1992) and New Orleans were classified as caretaker. The remaining six cities, Baltimore, Portland, Minneapolis, Tampa, San Francisco, and Seattle, were governed by a progressive regime.…”