Abstract:Inflows of colored terrestrial organic matter cause seawater browning and reduced phytoplankton production in sub-Arctic coastal ecosystems, potentially deteriorating the nutritional quality of marine food webs. We analyzed the fatty-acid (FA) composition of seston and the zooplankton taxa Eurytemora affinis and cladocerans at three locations of the northern Baltic Sea. At the coastal and northerly locations, salinity and phosphorus concentrations were low, while concentrations of humic substances, i.e. terres… Show more
“…Station A5 (65° 10′ N, 23° 14′ E, depth 90 m) is located in the Bothnian Bay, while station B3 (63° 30’ N, 19° 49’ E, depth 25 m) and C14 (62° 06′ N, 18° 33′ E, depth 85 m) are in the Bothnian Sea ( Fig 1 ). Fig 1 Sampling locations in the northern Baltic Sea (modified from [1] ). …”
Section: Experimental Design Materials and Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The FA composition of seston and zooplankton was analyzed following a modified method as described in [2 , 3] and the detailed procedure for the analysis can be found in [1] . Briefly, the FA of 5 mg of homogenized freeze-dried sample were extracted using 3:2 (v:v) hexane-isopropanol solution.…”
Section: Experimental Design Materials and Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“… Station: A5 (65° 10′ N, 23° 14′ E, depth 90 m) Station: B3 (63° 30′ N, 19° 49′ E, depth 25 m) Station: C14 (62° 06′ N, 18° 33′ E, depth 85 m) Primary data sources for phytoplankton and zooplankton biomass, and the environmental parameters: the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute database ( https://sharkweb.smhi.se/ ), for the 5 stations below. Station: A5 (65° 10′ N, 23° 14′ E) Station: A13 (64° 43′ N, 22° 04′ E) Station: B3 (63° 30′ N, 19° 49′ E) Station: C14 (62° 06′ N, 18° 33′ E) Station: C3 (62° 39′ N, 18° 57′ E) Data accessibility Public repository Repository name: Mendeley data Data identification number: doi: 10.17632/rvt3zf6gnj.1 Direct URL to data: https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/rvt3zf6gnj/1 Related research article [1] T. Bandara, S. Brugel, A. Andersson, D.C.P. Lau, Seawater browning alters community composition and reduces nutritional quality of plankton in a sub-Arctic marine ecosystem, Can.…”
“…Station A5 (65° 10′ N, 23° 14′ E, depth 90 m) is located in the Bothnian Bay, while station B3 (63° 30’ N, 19° 49’ E, depth 25 m) and C14 (62° 06′ N, 18° 33′ E, depth 85 m) are in the Bothnian Sea ( Fig 1 ). Fig 1 Sampling locations in the northern Baltic Sea (modified from [1] ). …”
Section: Experimental Design Materials and Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The FA composition of seston and zooplankton was analyzed following a modified method as described in [2 , 3] and the detailed procedure for the analysis can be found in [1] . Briefly, the FA of 5 mg of homogenized freeze-dried sample were extracted using 3:2 (v:v) hexane-isopropanol solution.…”
Section: Experimental Design Materials and Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“… Station: A5 (65° 10′ N, 23° 14′ E, depth 90 m) Station: B3 (63° 30′ N, 19° 49′ E, depth 25 m) Station: C14 (62° 06′ N, 18° 33′ E, depth 85 m) Primary data sources for phytoplankton and zooplankton biomass, and the environmental parameters: the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute database ( https://sharkweb.smhi.se/ ), for the 5 stations below. Station: A5 (65° 10′ N, 23° 14′ E) Station: A13 (64° 43′ N, 22° 04′ E) Station: B3 (63° 30′ N, 19° 49′ E) Station: C14 (62° 06′ N, 18° 33′ E) Station: C3 (62° 39′ N, 18° 57′ E) Data accessibility Public repository Repository name: Mendeley data Data identification number: doi: 10.17632/rvt3zf6gnj.1 Direct URL to data: https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/rvt3zf6gnj/1 Related research article [1] T. Bandara, S. Brugel, A. Andersson, D.C.P. Lau, Seawater browning alters community composition and reduces nutritional quality of plankton in a sub-Arctic marine ecosystem, Can.…”
“…Bacteria can use humic rich organic substances as food resource, giving them an ecological advantage over other plankton organisms. This, in turn, will cause lowered planktonic food quality as for example high C to N ratios and poorer fatty acid composition (Bandara et al, 2022;Guo et al, 2022). Previous research show that in the north of the Gulf of Bothnia phosphorus is the most limiting nutrient, while in the south nitrogen limits organismal growth (Andersson et al, 1996;Tamminen and Andersen, 2007).…”
Climate change is projected to cause alterations in northern coastal systems, including humification and intensified nutrient loads, which can lead to ecosystem imbalances and establishment of new bacterial species. Several potential pathogens, such as different species of Legionella, hide in the environment between infections, some by living inside protozoan host cells. Knowledge about the occurrence of Legionella in natural waters is missing, which disable risk assessments of exposure. We performed a study of the species diversity of Legionella in the northern Baltic Sea (Gulf of Bothnia) during early summer to map their occurrence and to identify possible environmental drivers. We detected Legionella and potential protozoan hosts along gradients of the Gulf of Bothnia. We also for the first time present third generation full-length 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing (Nanopore) to resolve environmental species classification of Legionella, with a method suitable to study all bacteria. Our data show that full length 16S rRNA sequences is sufficient to resolve Legionella while the standard short Illumina sequences did not capture the entire diversity. For accurate species classification of Legionella, harmonization between the Nanopore classification methods is still needed and the bias toward the well-studied Legionella pneumophila need to be resolved. Different Legionella species occurred both in the Bothnian Sea and in the Bothnian Bay and their abundance were linked to humic substances and low salinity. The relative abundance of Legionella was higher in the humic-rich northern waters of the Bothnian Bay. The link between Legionella species and humic substances may be indirect via promotion of the heterotrophic microbial food web, allowing Legionella species and similar bacteria to establish. Humic substances are rich in iron, which has been shown crucial for growth of Legionella species and other pathogens. Considering climate change projections in this regional area, with increased humification and freshwater inflow, this bacterial niche containing potential pathogens might become more widespread in the future Baltic Sea. This study demonstrates the significance of DNA sequencing to monitor public health relevant bacteria like Legionella species in the environment. Including sequencing of bacteria and protozoa in the environmental monitoring programs could be used to identify ecosystem imbalances, which enable appropriate responses to emerging diseases.
“…Roach ( Rutilus rutilus [Linnaeus, 1758]; hereafter roach) and European perch ( Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus, 1758; hereafter perch) are common fish predators in northern aquatic ecosystems including temperate lakes and the Baltic Sea coast, where climate change and other human‐caused environmental stressors are expected to reduce the LC‐PUFA production and transfer in the food webs (Bandara et al, 2022 ; Holm et al, 2022 ; Lau et al, 2021 ). Roach is a typical generalist and perch exhibits size‐dependent ontogenetic changes in feeding.…”
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