Seawater desalination by electrodialysis

Seto, Takafumi; Ehara, Leo; Komori, R.; Yamaguchi, Akimasa; Miwa, Takafumi

doi:10.1016/s0011-9164(00)82440-6

Cited by 42 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…For brackish water desalination [7,8], and to a lesser extent salt production [9], the limiting current density effectively sets the size of equipment required. For the purification of higher salinity streams such as seawater [10] or produced water [11], currents are lowest (and, we surmise, capital costs highest) in the final stages of purification. High diluate resistance results in elevated energy consumption for brackish desalination, particularly due to the dominance of solution resistances over membrane resistances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

The cost effectiveness of electrodialysis for diverse salinity applications

2014

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We provide a thermoeconomic assessment of electrodialysis indicating that the technology is most productive and efficient for the partial desalination of feed streams at the higher end of the brackish range of salinities. After optimising the current density to minimise the sum of energy and equipment costs, we demonstrate that at low feed salinities the productivity, and hence equipment costs, of electrodialysis are hampered by the limiting current density. By contrast, at higher feed salinities both productivity and efficiency are hampered by the reduced chemical potential difference of salt in the diluate (low salinity) and concentrate (high salinity) streams. This analysis indicates the promise of further developing electrodialysis for the treatment of waters from oil, gas and coal-bed methane as well as flue-gas de-sulphurisation, where the partial desalination of streams at the high-end of the brackish range can be beneficial.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

The cost effectiveness of electrodialysis for diverse salinity applications

2014

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“…It is commonly accepted that ED as a desalination process is less energy efficient than reverse osmosis (e.g. [5][6][7]), although few researchers recognize that the ED lacks a good design for seawater desalination (e.g. [8]).…”

Section: A New Hybrid Desalination Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

“…SWRO has a low water recovery (determined by the osmotic pressure, max. 50%) and relatively high energy consumption (3)(4)(5) …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-desalination with electro-membranes for SWRO

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Cornelissen

et al. 2011

Desalination and Water Treatment

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ab s t r ac tAlthough seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) is currently the only non-thermal desalination process in practical use, its characteristics make it difficult to approach the ideal reversible process. SWRO has a low water recovery (determined by the osmotic pressure) and relatively high energy consumption. A breakthrough in development of SWRO membranes can not be expected; at maximum a recovery of 60% could be obtained with membranes that can stand ultra-high pressures. In our project, an alternative development of desalination is introduced in which the osmotic pressure difference is reduced prior to SWRO with the use of electro-membranes, as in electrodialysis (ED). ED has distinctive and complementary assets when compared to SWRO. ED enables an operation close to the reversible limit, at least to the first extent of the desalination process. ED is an ideal pre-desalination step as: (i) the water recovery is not limited by a driving force (e.g., pressure), (ii) the specific energy consumption is directly proportional to the salt removal, (iii) the process economy allows low ionic fluxes and thus low irreversible losses, (iv) the system can be operated with infinitesimal changes in salinity (a pre-requisite for reversibility), and (v) the pre-treatment efforts can be kept limited. In this paper we compare a hybrid ED-SWRO scheme with state-of-theart desalination schemes with respect to costs and energy consumption.

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“…Since the variation of current with time was measured, the current efficiencies for transporting PAA, 6-APA, and Pen-G through the anion-exchange membrane at each time could be calculated according to Eqs. (2) and (3).…”

Section: Calculation Of Current Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%