Seawater reverse osmosis with isobaric energy recovery devices

Control logic and strategy for emergency condition of piston type energy recovery device

“…Commercial products of piston type ERD are known as DWEER of Flowserve and SalTec DT of KSB [8][9][10], which have demonstrated excellent operational performances, such as high energy recovery efficiency and reliability, in industrial seawater reverse osmosis plants [11][12][13][14][15]. However, the advantages of the piston type ERD, especially the good operational flexibility under condition of variable pressures and different capacities brought by the adoptive signal control mode have rarely been displayed and reported in literatures [16][17][18].…”

Analysis, experiment and application of a power-saving actuator applied in the piston type energy recovery device

“…This paper focuses on the piston type ERD which has been widely used in large scale RO desalination projects [11][12][13][14], due to its exceptional efficiency, operational flexibility and high availability [15][16][17].…”

Gross vs. net energy: Towards a rational framework for assessing the practical viability of pressure retarded osmosis

“…A typical PRO design technically requires the use of a PX to sustain a continuous operation. However, the efficiency of a PX typically ranges from 82% to 98% [42,43], which suggests that the stream pressurized by the PX still requires extra energy to further boost its pressure to working pressure (i.e. the applied hydraulic pressure of the draw solution).…”