Seawater RO treatment of RO concentrate to extreme silica concentrations

Ning, Robert Y.; Tarquin, Anthony J.; Balliew, John E.

doi:10.5004/dwt.2010.1877

Cited by 30 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…As in crystallisation, it has been observed that an initial nucleation phase is followed by a growth phase. Nucleation was found to be a function of product water flux, particle size, and the number of nucleation sites (Brant, 2012, Ning 2010, Semiat 1996. The rate of growth was controlled by the product flux, the rates of metal and silica polymerization, and shear forces in the bulk flow.…”

Section: Membrane Foulingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…pH is a significant factor in the prediction of membrane fouling by metal hydroxides and silica that can be hydrolysed (Hafez 2002, Amjad 1992. These species have their lowest fouling potential at their respective isoelectric points (the pH where the species concerned is neutral) (Ning 2010, Bremere 2000. Colloidal particles at this point aggregate to form large, discrete and coagulated particles.…”

Section: Membrane Foulingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Problem arises when the membrane surface adsorbs organic matter and the membrane surface is altered, normally becoming more attractive for other organic compounds, cations and anions to deposit. According to Darton and Fazel (2001) (Ning 2010, Semiat 1999. Pseudo-solubility silica limits at residual silica concentrations 200 -240 mg/L…”

Section: Organic Foulingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is difficult to define precisely the term "aqueous silica" as there is an array of silica species possible (Bergna 2005, Healy 1994). Temperature, pH and ionic strength have a substantial influence on the solubility of amorphous silica and forms of silica present in a solution (Ning 2010, Bergna 1992, Hamrouni 2001. Silica may occur in natural waters in different forms linked to special terminology as follows:…”

Section: Fouling Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These silica structures cause flux decline and higher TMPs. Research has shown that colloids can be composed of any number of different materials; the mostly commonly encountered inorganic colloid is silica (SiO 2 ) (Ning 2010, Demakis 2010. Colloidal silica results from the polymerisation of silicic acid containing particles and three-dimensional gel networks (Hamrouni and Dhahbi 2001).…”

Section: Colloidal Silicamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Silica fouling in coal seam gas water reverse osmosis desalination

Lunevich

Sartipy

Milne

et al. 2017

Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol.

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i AbstractSilica precipitation and silica scale formation on membrane surfaces in RO desalination present a significant operational challenge in water purification. Silica scale formation on the membrane surface leads to flux decline, RO system productivity lost, membrane degradation, and increased cost of chemicals. In spite of the apparent simplicity of silica's composition and scale formation on the membrane surface, fundamental questions and empirical knowledge persist about the formation, solubility and behaviour of silica species during the silica polymerisation, precipitation and scale formation.The broad objective of the present study was to define conditions and factors affecting silica polymerisation and precipitation in coal seam gas (CSG) waters in Australia. The scope of the problem was narrowed to focus on dissolved silica species studied by 29 Si NMR spectroscopy, removal of silica by coagulation as pre-treatment step for RO desalination and silica fouling patterns in RO desalination for a range of salinities in both synthetic and CSG waters to develop a conceptual model of silica precipitation and deposition on the membrane surface.The CSG industry in Australia generates significant quantities of CSG water, especially during the first 3-5 years of reservoir development when the hydraulic pressure needs to be released to extract the gas from coal seam. To avoid high cost of brine treatment and residual disposal frequently requires high recovery RO desalination to treat CSG water to level acceptable for further re-use. Furthermore, CSG waters in Australia have all four critical parameters, which potentially lead to silica precipitation prior it reached the solubility limit. These parameters include medium to high salinity, medium silica concentrations, high alkalinity at pH9 and slightly elevated aluminium concentrations.Practical field, theoretical and laboratory research works have been undertaken to study industry's concerns and bring fundamental and practical solutions to the problem. In Sodium ions depress silica solubility at the same time preventing silica from deposition on the membrane surface. The majority of dissolved silica polymerised in the bulk solution and was discharged in the reject stream of the RO system. To conclude practical silica solubility or the solubility defined empirically is a key for prevention of silica polymerisation in RO desalination systems.iii

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Section: Membrane Foulingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Membrane Foulingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Organic Foulingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fouling Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Colloidal Silicamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Silica fouling in coal seam gas water reverse osmosis desalination

Lunevich

Sartipy

Milne

et al. 2017

Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol.

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Potential of coagulation/GAC adsorption combined with UV/H₂O₂ and ozonation for removing dissolved organic matter from secondary RO concentrate

Zhang

Lin

et al. 2018

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUD Organic contaminants in secondary reverse osmosis (SRO) concentrate pose a severe threat to the ecosystem, due to their potential toxicity. In this study, potential of coagulation/granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption combined with UV/H2O2 and ozonation for removing organic matter from industrial secondary RO concentrate was systematically investigated. RESULTS Coagulation with 2.0 mmol L−1 FeCl3 yielded 40% removal of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), while adsorption with 5 g L−1 GAC could boost the removal efficiency up to 78.2%. Fractionation results showed that both coagulation and GAC adsorption favored hydrophobic organics. UV/H2O2 oxidation was capable of removing 87.4% of DOC, which outperformed ozonation (58.2%). UV/H2O2 and ozonation showed similar behavior in dissolved organic matter (DOM) degradation: a portion of hydrophobic organics were first transformed into hydrophilic fractions prior to final mineralization. Conclusion Coupling of GAC as post‐treatment with a UV/H2O2 process yielded 97.9% removal of DOC and the corresponding electrical energy per order (EE/O) was decreased from 66.7 to 35.8 kWh m−3. Consequently, a simple UV/H2O2 and GAC hybrid process was proposed to be a suitable method for removing DOM from SRO concentrate. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

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UTEP–EPW university–utility partnership: Concentrate enhanced–recovery reverse osmosis process for high water recovery from silica‐saturated desalination concentrates

Tarquin

Walker

Delgado³

et al. 2019

Water Environment Research

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Since the 1970s, The University of Texas at El Paso and El Paso Water have had a synergistic university–utility partnership, and in 2002, we began a sequence of investigations of enhanced recovery of water from silica‐saturated reverse osmosis concentrate: (a) two‐pass nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) treatment, (b) lime softening for silica removal, (c) vibratory shear enhanced processing (VSEP), (d) continuous‐flow seawater RO treatment of brackish RO concentrate, and finally (e) high‐recovery concentrate enhanced‐recovery reverse osmosis (CERRO) process. Studies funded by El Paso Water, Texas Water Development Board, U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, and WateReuse Research Foundation were conducted at the Kay Bailey Hutchison (KBH) Plant in El Paso and the Brackish Groundwater National Desalination Research Facility in Alamogordo, NM, and showed that as much as 88% of the water could be recovered from silica‐saturated KBH concentrate using the CERRO process. Full‐scale implementation of the CERRO process at well sites in El Paso has resulted in 70%–75% recovery of RO concentrate with a specific energy consumption of 1.23 kWh/m3 (4.6 kWh/kgal) and total estimated cost of approximately $0.59/m3 ($2.25/kgal). Cost‐effective high‐recovery desalination technologies such as CERRO are essential for drought‐proof water supply in arid cities such as El Paso. Practitioner Points This two‐decade UTEP‐EPW research partnership was sustained by a long‐term commitment to research and consistent financial support from EPW. Universities can collaborate to leverage utility funding toward larger external grant funding to advance research and development in a win–win partnership. The high‐recovery CERRO process was developed through multiple phases of concentrate management research, which would not have been possible without long‐term research commitment and risk tolerance from EPW. CERRO systems are being implemented at full scale in El Paso to recover water from silica‐saturated RO concentrate at an estimated specific energy consumption of 1.23 kWh/m3 (4.6 kWh/kgal) and total amortized cost of $0.59/m3 ($2.25/kgal).

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Seawater RO treatment of RO concentrate to extreme silica concentrations

Cited by 30 publications

References 10 publications

Silica fouling in coal seam gas water reverse osmosis desalination

Silica fouling in coal seam gas water reverse osmosis desalination

Potential of coagulation/GAC adsorption combined with UV/H₂O₂ and ozonation for removing dissolved organic matter from secondary RO concentrate

UTEP–EPW university–utility partnership: Concentrate enhanced–recovery reverse osmosis process for high water recovery from silica‐saturated desalination concentrates

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Seawater RO treatment of RO concentrate to extreme silica concentrations

Cited by 30 publications

References 10 publications

Silica fouling in coal seam gas water reverse osmosis desalination

Silica fouling in coal seam gas water reverse osmosis desalination

Potential of coagulation/GAC adsorption combined with UV/H2O2 and ozonation for removing dissolved organic matter from secondary RO concentrate

UTEP–EPW university–utility partnership: Concentrate enhanced–recovery reverse osmosis process for high water recovery from silica‐saturated desalination concentrates

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Potential of coagulation/GAC adsorption combined with UV/H₂O₂ and ozonation for removing dissolved organic matter from secondary RO concentrate