Seaweed Fertilizer Prepared by EM-Fermentation Increases Abundance of Beneficial Soil Microbiome in Paddy (Oryzasativa L.) during Vegetative Stage

Abstract

Excessive use of chemical fertilizer could potentially decrease soil productivity by decreasing soil microbiome diversity. In this study, we evaluated the effects of fermented seaweed fertilizer in the soil microbial community of paddy plants (Oryza sativa L.). The paddy seedlings were divided into five groups, control (C0), chemical fertilizer (CF), seaweed fertilizer (SF), chemical and seaweed fertilizer combination 50:50 (CFSF1), and chemical and fertilizer combination 75:25 (CFSF2). The CFSF1 combination showed to be the most effective in inducing plant height (83.99 ± 3.70 cm) and number of tillers (24.20 ± 4.08). After 8 weeks after transplantation, the isolated DNA from each soil treatment were subjected to 16S rRNA (v3–v4 region) next-generation sequencing. The beneficial Acidobacteriota was most abundant in CFSF1. At genus level, the nitrifying bacteria MND1 was seen to be abundant in CFSF1 and also present in other SF treatments. The genus Chujaibacter is highly abundant in CF, which potentially plays a role in denitrification resulting in soil degradation. In addition, the CFSF1-treated soils show significantly higher diversity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA). The current results could potentially contribute to the utilization of SF as a bioremediator and promoting green agriculture practice by reducing the amount of CF usage.

Sustainable Use of Organic Seaweed Fertilizer Improves the Metagenomic Function of Microbial Communities in the Soil of Rice Plants

“…The seaweed fertilizer (SF) was prepared according to methods described in a previous study [12]. The main composition of the fertilizer was of a mixture of brown seaweeds Sargassum spp.…”

“…Generally, seaweed contains essential minerals such as irone, iodine, manganese, calcium, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphur, boron, potassium, and other elements which are essential to support plant growth [11]. Our previous work has also shown that supplementation of brown seaweed Sargassum-based fertilizer could increase growth and rice productivity and nutritional quality [12,13]. Until now, the brown seaweed Sargassum has not yet been cultivated in Indonesia.…”

“…Various studies have shown that the soil microbiota plays a vital role in improving soil health, quality, and fertility, whereas all of these factors are known to have a significant impact on agricultural product quality and yield [15]. Application of seaweed fertilizer has been shown to increase beneficial soil microbiota in plants [8,12,16]. Another study also showed that seaweed-fertilizer-structured microbial communities contribute to increased productivity in tomato and pepper plants [17].…”

PEMANFAATAN RUMPUT LAUT MERAH (Laurencia papillosa) SEBAGAI PUPUK CAIR MELALUI PERBEDAAN METODE FERMENTASI

“…Kandungan fitohormon (auksin, giberelin, asam absisat, etilen, betaine, poliamina) dan polisakarida pada rumput laut dapat mendukung adaptasi tanaman terhadap stres lingkungan (Mukherjee & Patel, 2020), meningkatkan penyerapan nutrisi tumbunan serta menjaga kestabilan tanah (Turan & Köse, 2004). Selain itu, penggunaan pupuk organik rumput laut telah terbukti secara ilmiah memberikan efek stimulasi pada proses perkecambahan dan pembentukan bijian tanaman sayuran (Matysiak & Kaczmarek, 2011) Sintesis pupuk berbahan dasar rumput laut umumnya dilakukan dengan beberapa metode misalnya fermentasi (Prasedya et al, 2022), enzimatis (Rastogi et al, 2020)dan penggunaan mikroorganisme (effective microorganism) (Bamdad et al, 2022). Hal ini karena metode sintesis tersebut memiliki keunggulan yakni ramah lingkungan, meningkatkan komposisi organik dan menjaga ketersediaan fitohormon.…”

“…Hal ini karena metode sintesis tersebut memiliki keunggulan yakni ramah lingkungan, meningkatkan komposisi organik dan menjaga ketersediaan fitohormon. Penggunaan effective microorganism yang dikombinasikan dengan proses fermentasi sangat efektif dalam mendukung populasi Acidobacteria pada lahan pertanian serta tersedianya ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) dan ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) yang cukup signifikan (Prasedya et al, 2022). Hingga saat ini masih minimnya informasi pemanfaatan rumput laut Laurencia pappilosa sebagai sediaan pupuk yang dapat diaplikasikan pada tumbuhan.…”