Sebaceous lesions of the skin

Iacobelli, Jean; Harvey, Nathan T.; Wood, Benjamin A.

doi:10.1016/j.pathol.2017.08.012

Cited by 47 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…The description of the US appearance of sebaceous glands may support the subclinical diagnosis and treatment of common dermatologic inflammatory entities such as acne and rosacea 20 and the detection of benign and malignant sebaceous tumors. 21 The appearance of the hair tracts within the hair follicles confirmed the previous descriptions of their outer echo structure pattern 12 and can provide a noninvasive tool for observing anomalies in the generation of hair. The description of the mean diameters of these structures in different corporal regions, as well as the presence of normal regional variants, can help in understanding the physiopathology characteristics, early detection, and management of common abnormalities such as sebaceous hyperplasia and folliculitis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…This work also describes the US appearance of the normal Montgomery glands that, to our knowledge, has not been reported previously and has been suggested as the origin of areolar cysts. The description of the US appearance of sebaceous glands may support the subclinical diagnosis and treatment of common dermatologic inflammatory entities such as acne and rosacea and the detection of benign and malignant sebaceous tumors …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Ultrasound Characteristics of the Hair Follicles and Tracts, Sebaceous Glands, Montgomery Glands, Apocrine Glands, and Arrector Pili Muscles

Wortsman

Carreño

Ferreira-Wortsman

et al. 2018

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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Objectives To explore the capability of very high‐frequency ultrasound (US; 50–71 MHz) to detect the normal morphologic characteristics of the hair follicles and tracts, sebaceous glands, Montgomery glands, apocrine glands, and arrector pili muscles. Methods A retrospective study, approved by the Institutional Review Board, evaluated the normal US morphologic characteristics of the hair and adnexal structures in a database of very high‐frequency US images extracted from the perilesional or contralateral healthy skin of 1117 consecutive patients who underwent US examinations for localized lesions of the skin and 10 healthy individuals from December 2017 to June 2018. These images were matched with their counterparts from the database of normal histologic images according to the corporal region. The Cohen concordance test and regional mean diameters of the hair follicles and adnexal structures were analyzed. Results The normal hair follicles and tracts, sebaceous glands, Montgomery glands, apocrine glands, and arrector pili muscles were observed on US images and matched their histological counterparts in all the corporal regions. There was significant US concordance (κ = 0.82; P = .0001) among observers. Regional mean diameters (millimeters) of the hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and apocrine glands are provided. Conclusions The hair follicles and tracts, sebaceous glands, Montgomery glands, apocrine glands, and arrector pili muscles are detectable with very high‐frequency US, including some regional and anatomic variants. Knowledge of their normal US appearances is a requisite for detecting subclinical changes, understanding the physiopathologic characteristics, and supporting the early diagnosis and management of common dermatologic diseases.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Ultrasound Characteristics of the Hair Follicles and Tracts, Sebaceous Glands, Montgomery Glands, Apocrine Glands, and Arrector Pili Muscles

Wortsman

Carreño

Ferreira-Wortsman

et al. 2018

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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“…In the present study, a series of 60 patients presented a total of 96 SN (65 adenomas, 16 epitheliomas and 15 carcinomas). The clinical features considered distinctive of SN in the literature were highlighted in the clinical history in a few of our patients: yellowish colour in five and central umbilication in three. By contrast, in three of our cases, a multilobar appearance was highlighted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Cutaneous sebaceous tumours and Lynch syndrome: long‐term follow‐up of 60 patients

Marcoval¹,

Talavera-Belmonte²,

Fornons-Servent³

et al. 2018

Clin Exp Dermatol

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Background. Sebaceous neoplasms (SN) may appear sporadically in the general population but may also be part of the Muir-Torre variant of Lynch syndrome (MT-LS). There are few studies in southern Europe on the incidence of MT-LS in the population of patients with SN. Aim. To retrospectively review patients with SN and to analyse their clinical features and the incidence of MT-LS. Methods. Patients with SN diagnosed between 1995 and 2015 were enrolled in the study. The diagnosis of MT-LS was made according to established clinical criteria and, whenever possible, was confirmed by germline mutation analysis. Results. In 60 patients (32 men, 28 women, mean age 69.22 years), 96 SN were diagnosed: 65 adenomas (67.7%), 16 sebaceomas (16.7%) and 15 carcinomas (15.6%). Of the 60 patients, 50 (83.3%) had a single SN and 10 (16.7%) had multiple lesions. Patients diagnosed with MT-LS (12 patients, 20%) were younger (63.25 years vs. 70.71 years), and had a higher incidence of extrafacial SN (4/12 patients, 33.3%), and were significantly (P < 0.001) more likely to have multiple SNs (8/12, 75%) and keratoacanthomas (KAs) (6/12, 50%). Conclusion. Our study confirms that all patients with SN should be investigated, as 20% of our patients were diagnosed with MT-LS. The most specific features of SN associated with MT-LS in our study were the presence of multiple lesions and association with KAs.

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“…Sebaceous glands are holocrine glands which develop from an epithelial bud and derive from the outer root sheath of the embryonic hair follicles at about 13‐15 weeks of gestation. They are present in all parts of the human body, apart from the palmar and plantar regions, but are especially abundant on the face and scalp . As their origin suggests, they are usually observed in association with hair follicles, except for sebaceous glands of the buccal mucosa, areolas (Montgomery's glands), glands (Tyson's glands), labia minora, and the eyelids (Meibomian glands).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are present in all parts of the human body, apart from the palmar and plantar regions, but are especially abundant on the face and scalp. [1][2][3][4][5] As their origin suggests, they are usually observed in association with hair follicles, except for sebaceous glands of the buccal mucosa, areolas (Montgomery's glands), glands (Tyson's glands), labia minora, and the eyelids (Meibomian glands). Histologically, they present themselves as lobulated structures enclosed by a thin fibrous capsule.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonographic appearance of sebaceous cysts. Our experience and a review of the literature

et al. 2019

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Sebaceous cysts are benign enveloped nodules resulting from an obstruction of a hair follicle. Although they are very common, differential diagnosis is not obvious and may include many diseases. Ultrasound examination with high frequency probes, in the hands of a skilled operator, is the gold standard for noninvasive evaluation of these diseases. The aim of our study was to describe sonographic patterns found in our experience with high frequency probes. We decided to reevaluate the sonographic appearance of the last 100 patients with sebaceous cysts that were under our observation through conducting a retrospective study. All lesions were examined by a skilled radiologist with an Esaote MyLab 70 XVG ultrasound unit and a dedicated 18 MHz linear probe, sometimes supplemented by 20 MHz. In these skin lesions, we evaluated morphology, size, vascularity, and especially the visibility of skin pores, a characteristic of sebaceous cysts. We found 118 lesions that were mostly located on the trunk. In the majority of cases, the skin lesions had an oval‐shaped morphology – 114 (96.6%) – and were hypoechoic in appearance −108 (91.5%). In 60 (50.8%) cases, the skin lesions showed a homogeneous appearance, known as "pseudotestis". The average ultrasound examines with very high frequency probes allowed to evidence skin pores. Our retrospective study on higher frequency probes confirms the data in literature regarding the diagnosis of sebaceous cysts, demonstrating the high incidence and clinical significance of evidence of the so‐called epidermal punctum.

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Sebaceous lesions of the skin

Cited by 47 publications

References 94 publications

Ultrasound Characteristics of the Hair Follicles and Tracts, Sebaceous Glands, Montgomery Glands, Apocrine Glands, and Arrector Pili Muscles

Ultrasound Characteristics of the Hair Follicles and Tracts, Sebaceous Glands, Montgomery Glands, Apocrine Glands, and Arrector Pili Muscles

Cutaneous sebaceous tumours and Lynch syndrome: long‐term follow‐up of 60 patients

Sonographic appearance of sebaceous cysts. Our experience and a review of the literature

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