Second fingerstick: a simple method to increase the blood supply

Bravo, Joanne R.; Hsueh, Yenshen; Querin, Janice Johnson; Brittenham, Gary M.; Keating, Louise J.

doi:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1990.30590296384.x

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Our analysis also revealed center‐to‐center variability in fingerstick hemoglobin measurement that was relatively modest in scale, but nevertheless will be important to quantify in future studies. The source of such variability is likely owing to different point‐of‐care devices, differences in fingerstick blood sampling technique, training of operational staff and/or geographical variation in hemoglobin [18]. As quantitative hemoglobin measurement by fingerstick sampling becomes more widespread among blood centers, it is likely that operational research and quality control measures can be implemented to limit the effect of such variability [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population‐based screening for anemia using first‐time blood donors

et al. 2012

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Background Anemia is an important public health concern. Data from population-based surveys such as the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) are the gold standard, but are obtained infrequently and include only small samples from certain minority groups. Objectives We assessed whether readily available databases of blood donor hemoglobin values could be used as a surrogate for population hemoglobin values from NHANES. Design Blood donor venous and fingerstick hemoglobin values were compared to 10,254 NHANES 2005-2008 venous hemoglobin values using demographically stratified analyses and ANOVA. Fingerstick hemoglobins or hematocrits were converted to venous hemoglobin estimates using regression analysis. Results Venous hemoglobin values from 1,609 first time donors correlated extremely well with NHANES data across different age, gender and demographic groups. Cigarette smoking increased hemoglobin by 0.26 to 0.59 g/dL depending on intensity. Converted fingerstick hemoglobin from 36,793 first time donors agreed well with NHANES hemoglobin (weighted mean hemoglobin of 15.53 g/dL for donors and 15.73 g/dL for NHANES) with similar variation in mean hemoglobin by age. However, compared to NHANES, the larger donor dataset showed reduced differences in mean hemoglobin between Blacks and other races/ethnicities. Conclusions Overall, first-time donor fingerstick hemoglobins approximate U.S. population data and represent a readily available public health resource for ongoing anemia surveillance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population‐based screening for anemia using first‐time blood donors

et al. 2012

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“…Supplementation by this method for donor screening has been found to retrieve 46%–58% of deferred donors,34,39 salvaging a large amount of blood units. Blood is obtained from another finger after a second prick and collected in a capillary tube with an anticoagulant.…”

Section: Methods For Hb Estimation In Blood Donorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techniques used for the screening of hemoglobin levels in blood donors: current insights and future directions

Chaudhary¹,

Sonker²

2017

JBM

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Blood donor hemoglobin (Hb) estimation is an important donation test that is performed prior to blood donation. It serves the dual purpose of protecting the donors’ health against anemia and ensuring good quality of blood components, which has an implication on recipients’ health. Diverse cutoff criteria have been defined world over depending on population characteristics; however, no testing methodology and sample requirement have been specified for Hb screening. Besides the technique, there are several physiological and methodological factors that affect accuracy and reliability of Hb estimation. These include the anatomical source of blood sample, posture of the donor, timing of sample and several other biological factors. Qualitative copper sulfate gravimetric method has been the archaic time-tested method that is still used in resource-constrained settings. Portable hemoglobinometers are modern quantitative devices that have been further modified to reagent-free cuvettes. Furthermore, noninvasive spectrophotometry was introduced, mitigating pain to blood donor and eliminating risk of infection. Notwithstanding a tremendous evolution in terms of ease of operation, accuracy, mobility, rapidity and cost, a component of inherent variability persists, which may partly be attributed to pre-analytical variables. Hence, blood centers should pay due attention to validation of test methodology, competency of operating staff and regular proficiency testing of the outputs. In this article, we have reviewed various regulatory guidelines, described the variables that affect the measurements and compared the validated technologies for Hb screening of blood donors along with enumeration of their merits and limitations.

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“…Repeated sampling may alleviate these problems, and in previous studies, models have been developed for the assessment of donors with inadequate Hb in skin-prick screening. In addition to simple repeated sampling, blood drop pooling and elegant Hb assessment algorithms have been suggested [16][17][18][19]. However, it can be argued that preanalytical issues related to donor characteristics may not be alleviated even through repeated sampling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Venous sample is superior to repeated skin‐prick testing in blood donor haemoglobin second‐line screening

et al. 2020

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Background Blood donor haemoglobin concentration (Hb) is commonly measured from a skin-prick sample. However, the skin-prick sample is prone to preanalytical error and variation, which may lead to false deferrals due to low Hb. Study Design and Methods We assessed the efficacy of two second-line screening models for the evaluation of blood donors failing the initial skin-prick test. In the venous model (n = 305), Hb was measured from a venous sample at the donation site. In the skin-prick model (n = 331), two additional skin-prick samples were measured. All on-site Hb measurements were performed with HemoCue Hb201+ (HemoCue AB) point-of-care (POC) device. Hb in the venous samples was later also determined with a hematology analyzer (Sysmex XN, Sysmex Co.) to obtain the donor's correct Hb. A questionnaire evaluated Blood Service nurses' preferences regarding Hb assessment. Results Significantly less donors were deferred from donation with venous model (40%) than with skin-prick model (51%; chi-square test P = 0Á004). Only two donors (0Á7%) were incorrectly accepted in the venous model. Further, Blood Service nurses preferred venous model over skin-prick model. After the study, the venous model was implemented nationwide, and in the first two months after implementation, the deferral rate due to low Hb decreased from 2Á7% to 1Á9%. Conclusion A venous sample for blood donor Hb second-line screening significantly decreased low Hb deferrals compared to repeated skin-prick testing without compromising donor safety. Valuable donations can be recovered by implementing a practical second-line screening model based on venous sampling.

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Second fingerstick: a simple method to increase the blood supply

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Population‐based screening for anemia using first‐time blood donors

Population‐based screening for anemia using first‐time blood donors

Techniques used for the screening of hemoglobin levels in blood donors: current insights and future directions

Venous sample is superior to repeated skin‐prick testing in blood donor haemoglobin second‐line screening

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