Second Language Acquisition

Brain signatures of artificial language processing: Evidence challenging the critical period hypothesis

“…The employment of brain imaging and electrophysiological techniques (9)(10)(11) has shed light on the neural bases of the well established behavioral differences between first (L1) and second language (L2) acquisition (12). Lexical-semantic processing of word meanings is relatively similar for native speakers and L2 learners.…”

Incidental and Intentional Learning

“…They are included, however, in the index of the volume edited by Ritchie and Bhatia (1996), referring to the chapter written by McLaughlin and Heredia (1996), quoted in note 12 of this chapter, who use incidental and intentional in their methodological senses. 8 Schmidt (1994b, p. 173) acknowledges the importance that many L2 learners themselves attribute to the incidental learning of grammar rules, but dismisses incidental learning as a viable construct in the explanation of grammar acquisition.…”

Changing Identities: Intercultural Dimensions in Scottish Educational Contexts

“…On the issue of bilingualism and education, extensive international debate on deficit and enrichment models of language and learning has been well documented, but has tended to focus on 'new' immigrants (Baker, 1995;Collier, 1995;Cummins, 1984;Genesee et al, 2004;Krashen, 2003;SkutnabbKangas, 1983) or on second language acquisition (Ellis, 1994;Harley & Wang, 1997;Ritchie & Bhatia, 1996;Schumann, 1976). However, although an emergent body of work considers learning and language needs of resident bilingual pupils in UK schools (Cameron, 2002;Cline, 1997;Gravelle, 1996;Gregory, 1993;Kearney, 2002;Leung, 2003;South, 1999), there is little parallel research work with regard to language and learning needs of resident bilingual students in higher education.…”