Second-Messenger Systems Coupled to Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors

Conn, P. Jeffrey; Boss, Valerie; Chung, Dorothy S.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-2298-7_3

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…One of the primary functions of mGluRs in the CNS is to modulate neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission (for reviews see Glaum and Miller, 1994;Conn et al, 1994). In most cases, this modulation is thought to be accomplished by activation of presynaptic mGluRs which affect neurotransmitter release, and/or postsynaptic mGluRs that regulate membrane excitability.…”

Section: Mglur Mediation Of Glial-neuronal Communication Through Synementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Activation of mGluRs in CNS preparations such as brain slice and primary culture leads to modulation of a variety of second messenger systems, including stimulation of phosphoinositide hydrolysis, both inhibition and stimulation of cyclic AMP (CAMP) accumulation, and activation of phospholipase D (for reviews see Conn et al, 1994;Conn and Pin, 1996). Several studies indicate that activation of mGluRs on glia can lead to activation of many of these second messenger systems.…”

Section: Subtypes Of Mglurs Present I N Gliamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Roles of metabotropic glutamate receptors in glial function and glial-neuronal communication

Winder

Conn

1996

J. Neurosci. Res.

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Section: Mglur Mediation Of Glial-neuronal Communication Through Synementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Subtypes Of Mglurs Present I N Gliamentioning

confidence: 99%

Roles of metabotropic glutamate receptors in glial function and glial-neuronal communication

Winder

Conn

1996

J. Neurosci. Res.

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“…Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are coupled to a variety of second-messenger systems via GTP-binding proteins (G-proteins) (Schoepp et al, 1990;Conn et al, 1994). Originally, and for several years, the term mGluR has been synonymous with the glutamate-mediated stimulation of phospholipase C (PLC), which leads to the formation of inositol phosphates (IP) and diacylglycerol (Sladeczek et al, 1985;Nicoletti et al, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological characterization of metabotropic glutamate receptors coupled to phospholipase D in the rat hippocampus

Pellegrini‐Giampietro

Torregrossa

Moroni

1996

British J Pharmacology

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1 Phospholipase D (PLD) is the key enzyme in a signal transduction pathway leading to the formation of the second messengers phosphatidic acid and diacylglycerol. In order to define the pharmacological profile of PLD-coupled metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs), PLD activity was measured in slices of adult rat brain in the presence of mGluR agonists or antagonists. Activation of the phospholipase C (PLC) pathway by the same agents was also examined. 2 The mGluR-selective agonist (1S,3R)-l-aminocyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid [(1S,3R)-ACPD] induced a concentration-dependent (10-300 gM) activation of PLD in the hippocampus, neocortex, and striatum, but not in the cerebellum. The effect was particularly evident in hippocampal slices, which were thus used for all subsequent experiments. 3 The rank order of potencies for agonists stimulating the PLD response was: quisqualate>ibotena- reduced PLD activation induced by 1 gM PDBu but not by 100 gM (lS,3R)-ACPD. 6 Our results suggest that PLD-linked mGluRs in rat hippocampus may be distinct from any known mGluR subtype coupled to PLC or adenylyl cyclase. Moreover, they indicate that independent mGluRs coupled to the PLC and PLD pathways exist and that mGluR agonists can stimulate PLD through a PKC-independent mechanism.

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“…25,82,83 Also, mGluR1 and mGluR5 are both coupled to inositol triphosphate/calcium signal transduction mechanisms. 26,59,84 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 shows different patterns of localization within the parallel visual pathways in macaque and squirrel monkeys

Shostak

Wenger²,

Mavity-Hudson³

et al. 2014

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Glutamate is used as an excitatory neurotransmitter by the koniocellular (K), magnocellular (M), and parvocellular (P) pathways to transfer signals from the primate lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) to primary visual cortex (V1). Glutamate acts through both fast ionotropic receptors, which appear to carry the main sensory message, and slower, modulatory metabotropic receptors (mGluRs). In this study, we asked whether mGluR5 relates in distinct ways to the K, M, and P LGN axons in V1. To answer this question, we used light microscopic immunocytochemistry and preembedding electron microscopic immunogold labeling to determine the localization of mGluR5 within the layers of V1 in relation to the K, M, and P pathways in macaque and squirrel monkeys. These pathways were labeled separately via wheat germ agglutinin–horseradish peroxidase (WGA–HRP) injections targeting the LGN layers. mGluR5 is of interest because it: 1) has been shown to be expressed in the thalamic input layers; 2) appears to be responsible for some types of oscillatory firing, which could be important in the binding of visual features; and 3) has been associated with a number of sensory-motor gating-related pathologies, including schizophrenia and autism. Our results demonstrated the presence of mGluR5 in the neuropil of all V1 layers. This protein was lowest in IVCα (M input) and the infragranular layers. In layer IVC, mGluR5 also was found postsynaptic to about 30% of labeled axons, but the distribution was uneven, such that postsynaptic mGluR5 label tended to occur opposite smaller (presumed P), and not larger (presumed M) axon terminals. Only in the K pathway in layer IIIB, however, was mGluR5 always found in the axon terminals themselves. The presence of mGluR5 in K axons and not in M and P axons, and the presence of mGluR5 postsynaptic mainly to smaller P and not larger M axons suggest that the response to the release of glutamate is modulated in distinct ways within and between the parallel visual pathways of primates.

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Second-Messenger Systems Coupled to Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors

Cited by 14 publications

References 120 publications

Roles of metabotropic glutamate receptors in glial function and glial-neuronal communication

Roles of metabotropic glutamate receptors in glial function and glial-neuronal communication

Pharmacological characterization of metabotropic glutamate receptors coupled to phospholipase D in the rat hippocampus

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 shows different patterns of localization within the parallel visual pathways in macaque and squirrel monkeys

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