Second Order Nonlinear Optical Properties of Polymers Containing Mesogenic Side Chains

Amano, Michiyuki; Kaino, Toshikuni; Takeuchi, Yoshie

doi:10.1080/00268949008047790

Cited by 35 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…However, upon removal of the poling field, the NLO chromophore orientation is lost due to mobility of the side chains and polymer backbone in a typical relaxation process. This randomization introduces a temporal decay in the polar order of the chromophores, which results in a pronounced decrease in 2 and SHG intensity near and above the glass transition temperature (T g ) of the polymer. All of the synthetic strategies for polymeric SHG materials must address the crucial issues of maximizing chromophore polar ordering while achieving maximum persistent noncentrosymmetry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Liquid crystals (LCs) have directional order that allows for enhanced field-induced polar ordering. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] To prevent the randomization of the poled side groups, the NLO mesogens must be attached directly or through short spacers to rigid backbones because the main factor influencing the relaxation rate is the glass transition temperature of the polymer system. 10 T g decreases continually with increasing spacer length.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 These polymers obtain their nonlinear optical (NLO) properties from chromophores, which, when attached directly or via a spacer to the polymer backbone, can be organized in a noncentrosymmetric structure under the application of a DC electric (poling) field, resulting in a net second-order susceptibility 2 . However, upon removal of the poling field, the NLO chromophore orientation is lost due to mobility of the side chains and polymer backbone in a typical relaxation process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and characterization of copolymaleimides containing 4-cyanobiphenyl-based side groups for nonlinear optical applications

Gaṅgādhara

Ponrathnam

Noël

et al. 1999

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Synthesis and characterization of copolymaleimides containing 4-cyanobiphenyl-based side groups for nonlinear optical applications

Gaṅgādhara

Ponrathnam

Noël

et al. 1999

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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“…Since Finkelmann's breakthrough in the field of side chain liquid crystalline polymers 1,2) , these polymers have attracted enormous interest during the last decade. Applications in the field of optical data storage [3][4][5] , nonlinear optics [6][7][8] , stationary phases for chromatography [9][10][11] , separation membranes [12][13][14] , solid polymer electrolytes 15,16) and various applications 17,18) have been extensively investigated. In recent years, the investigation of liquid crystalline block copolymers has been markedly intensified [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of liquid crystalline (norbornene-block-acetylene) block copolymers

Koltzenburg

Ungerank

Stelzer

et al. 1999

Macromol. Chem. Phys.

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SUMMARY: We report the synthesis and characterization of block copolymers of mesogenic acetylene and norbornene moieties. As monomers, a norbornene derivative with cyanostilbenyl side groups and an acetylene derivative with a cholesteryl group were used. The almost quantitative polymerization is initiated with the well-defined Schrock-type molybdenum carbene Mo(CH-t-Bu)(NAr)(O-t-Bu) 2 with NAr = 2,6-diisopropylaniline, t-Bu = tert-butyl. Polydispersity indices (PDIs) in the range of 2 for the block copolymers are obtained. The thermal and morphological behaviour of the polymers is characterized by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction. Both homo-and copolymers form thermotropic mesophases, the acetylene polymer exhibiting a smectic A phase, while the polynorbornene is nematic. The block copolymer shows microphase separation retaining the homopolymers' mesophases. To our knowledge, the materials presented here are the first example of phase-separated block copolymers of two side chain liquid crystalline polymers.

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“…The second-order nonlinear optical properties of organic polymers are also well documented (9,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). For a material to exhibit significant second-order nonlinear optical responses it must have a noncentrosymmetric structure.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Chiral Liquid-Crystalline Copolymers for Electrooptical Applications

Chiellini

Galli

Angeloni

et al. 1992

ACS Symposium Series

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The synthesis and liquid crystalline properties of four new series of copolymers consisting of variously substituted azobenzene mesogenic groups are presented. While three series contain chiral, optically active counits, the fourth series contains achiral dipolar chromophore counits. The incidence and stability of different chiral (nematic and smectic) mesophases are discussed with relevance to their potential ferroelectric and nonlinear optical properties. These samples may serve as models of liquid crystalline polymers to be used in electrooptical applications.Liquid crystalline (LC) polymers present a unique combination of the characteristics peculiar to liquid crystals with those typical of polymers. While the former include molecular polarizability, self-assembly tendency, diversity of structures, and fast response to external electric or magnetic fields, the latter can feature variety of molecular architectures, dimensional stability, mechanical orientability, and ease of processability (1). The introduction of chirality in the molecular structure of LC materials induces the formation of chiral nematic (cholesteric) or chiral smectic supermolecular assemblies endowed with a macroscopic twist superposed on them (2).This consistently offers an additional valuable means of tuning the liquid crystal behavior and addressing specific responses of chiral LC polymers in optics and electrooptics. In this context, the ferroelectric and nonlinear optical properties of side chain LC polymers are currently the focus of intense research (3).The ferroelectric properties of the chiral smectic C* mesophase are recognized in a number of thermotropic polymers (4-9). In this mesophase the optically active mesogens with high spontaneous polarization are assembled in a layered, helical superstructure which must then be untwisted into another superstructure with a resulting

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Second Order Nonlinear Optical Properties of Polymers Containing Mesogenic Side Chains

Cited by 35 publications

References 13 publications

Synthesis and characterization of copolymaleimides containing 4-cyanobiphenyl-based side groups for nonlinear optical applications

Synthesis and characterization of copolymaleimides containing 4-cyanobiphenyl-based side groups for nonlinear optical applications

Synthesis and characterization of liquid crystalline (norbornene-block-acetylene) block copolymers

Chiral Liquid-Crystalline Copolymers for Electrooptical Applications

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