The linear electromagnetic response of a uniform electron gas to a longitudinal electric field is determined, within the self-consistent-field theory, by the linear polarizability and the Lindhard dielectric function. Using the same approach we derive analytical expressions for the second-and third-order nonlinear polarizabilities of the three-, two-and one-dimensional homogeneous electron gases with the parabolic electron energy dispersion. The results are valid both for degenerate (Fermi) and non-degenerate (Boltzmann) electron gases. A resonant enhancement of the second and third harmonics generation due to a combination of the single-particle and collective (plasma) resonances is predicted. 71.10.Ca, 73.20.Mf, 42.65.Ky The interaction of the electromagnetic radiation with a gaseous or solid-state plasma is well described, within the linear-response theory, by the Lindhard dielectric function ǫ(q, ω) [1]. Being originally derived for a three-dimensional (3D) uniform electron gas [1], it was generalized to the two-(2D) and one-dimensional (1D) electron systems by Stern [2] and Das Sarma with coauthors [3]. In this theory electronelectron interaction is taken into account within the selfconsistent mean-field approach which is equivalent [4] to the random phase approximation (RPA). This theory was shown to be very accurate in describing the electromagnetic response and plasma oscillations of the uniform electron gas [5], both in 3D, and in lower dimensions -in semiconductor quantumwell, -wire, and -dot structures, see, e.g., [6][7][8].The nonlinear electromagnetic response of a uniform electron gas in low-dimensional systems is studied in much less detail. A possible reason for that consisted in the low quality of solid-state structures: while in the gaseous plasma collisions of electrons and ions do not play a significant role, which allows one to observe the nonlinear phenomena in relatively low external electric fields, in solids the scattering and disorder effects were quite strong which required very large electric fields and hindered the observation of the nonlinear phenomena.The progress of semiconductor technology changed this situation in recent years. It has become possible to create semiconductor GaAs/AlGaAs quantum-well structures with the electron mobility µ ≃ 3 × 10 7 cm 2 /Vs [9] which corresponds to the electron mean-free-path comparable with the sample dimensions (l m f p ≃ 1 − 2 mm). In such systems a strongly nonlinear electrodynamic effect -the giant microwave induced magnetoresistance oscillations manifesting themselves in relatively low ac electric fields ( 1 V/cm) -was recently discovered [10,11] and attracted much attention (for an overview of the state of the art and further references see [12]). The experiments [10,11] have been explained [12,13] by the influence of ponderomotive forces, which are usually very small in the fields ≃ 1 V/cm but become sufficiently strong in the ultra clean samples [9][10][11], especially near internal electron resonances (near the cyclotron resonance ...