Secondary aerosol formation in winter haze over the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, China

Shang, Dongjie; Peng, Jianfei; Guo, Song; Wu, Zhijun; Hu, Min

doi:10.1007/s11783-020-1326-x

Cited by 68 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…The first reason was that the “seeds” from other process, such as NPF were not reduced as much as primary “seeds.” The second reason was that, the intensity of secondary formation process, including photochemical reaction followed by condensational growth or heterogeneous reaction, kept stable or even increased during 2020‐LOCK compared to 2019‐LOCK (Huang et al., 2020; Le et al., 2020), which promoted the growth of “seeds” and added the PN acc in the atmosphere. For example, the heterogeneous reaction in the liquid water content of particles (Shang et al., 2020) may be enhanced by the increasing RH during 2020‐LOCK (Figure ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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More Significant Impacts From New Particle Formation on Haze Formation During COVID‐19 Lockdown

Tang

Shang

Fang

et al. 2021

Geophysical Research Letters

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At the end of 2019, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) broke out globally and posed a great threat to public health safety (Morawska et al., 2020). There have been more than 40 million confirmed cases, including more than 1 million deaths until October 31, 2020 (https://covid19.who.int/). Moreover, the epidemic has greatly restricted the development of global economy (Lai et al., 2020). Due to the coronavirus pandemic, many regions implemented a number of lockdown measures to control outdoor activities, leading to reduction of unnecessary emissions. Previous study showed that the cumulative CO 2 emissions in China during the lockdown declined by 24% (industry), 31% (transport), and 5% (power) compared to the same period of 2019 (Zheng et al., 2020). The primary emissions from industries and transportations are important sources of air pollution, thus improvement of air quality in many countries was reported during the epidemic. NO 2 decline was the most obvious phenomenon in many regions such as South American, Europe, China, etc. (Huang et al., 2020;Krecl et al., 2020;Sicard et al., 2020). Other pollutants apart from NO 2 also showed decreasing trends in different levels. About 10%-43% decreases in PM 2.5 , PM 10 , CO, NO 2 in India were observed during the lockdown compared to -2019(Sharma et al., 2020. Concentrations of PM 2.5 , NO x and SO 2 decreased by 15%-61% compared to the periods before COVID-19 and decreased by 8%-45% compared to 2019 in Yangtze River Delta Region, China (Li et al., 2020). From another viewpoint, COVID-19 provided an opportunity of experiment on the further emission mitigation. The industry and lifestyle emissions were

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the heterogeneous reaction in the liquid water content of particles (Shang et al, 2020) may be enhanced by the increasing RH during 2020-LOCK (Figure S3c).…”

Section: 1029/2020gl091591mentioning

confidence: 99%

More Significant Impacts From New Particle Formation on Haze Formation During COVID‐19 Lockdown

Tang

Shang

Fang

et al. 2021

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…Based on Eq. ( 2 (Steinfeld, 1998). Thus, the [SO 2 ] tends to be more uniformly distributed within the boundary layer than [NO x ] when the turbulence is strong.…”

Section: Influence Of Aerosol-radiation Interaction On Npfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of aerosol–radiation interaction on new particle formation

Zhao

Zhu

et al. 2021

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. New particle formation (NPF) is thought to contribute half of the global cloud condensation nuclei. A better understanding of the NPF at different altitudes can help assess the impact of NPF on cloud formation and corresponding physical properties. However, NPF is not sufficiently understood in the upper mixing layer because previous studies mainly focused on ground-level measurements. In this study, the developments of aerosol size distribution at different altitudes are characterized based on the field measurement conducted in January 2019 in Beijing, China. We find that the partition of nucleation-mode particles in the upper mixing layer is larger than that at the ground, which implies that the nucleation processing is more likely to happen in the upper mixing layer than that at the ground. Results of the radiative transfer model show that the photolysis rates of the nitrogen dioxide and ozone increase with altitude within the mixing layer, which leads to a higher concentration of sulfuric acid in the upper mixing layer than that at the ground. Therefore, the nucleation processing in the upper mixing layer should be stronger than that at the ground, which is consistent with our measurement results. Our study emphasizes the influence of aerosol–radiation interaction on the NPF. These results have the potential to improve our understanding of the source of cloud condensation nuclei on a global scale due to the impacts of aerosol–radiation interaction.

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“…Secondary sulfate aerosols are an important component of fine particles in severe haze periods (Zheng et al, 2015;R.-J. Huang et al, 2014;Guo et al, 2014), which adversely affect environmental quality and human health (Lippmann and Thurston, 1996;Fang et al, 2017;Shang et al, 2020). Traditional atmospheric models evaluate secondary sulfate formation via the gas-phase oxidation of sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) and a series of multiphase oxidation processes of dissolved SO 2 in cloud water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A previous study (Wang et al, 2020) has shown that photosensitization is a new pathway for atmospheric sulfate formation and requires further verification. According to several previous studies of the GEOS-Chem model and including the measurements of oxygen isotopes ( 17 O (SO 2− 4 )) (He et al, 2018;Shao et al, 2019;Li et al, 2020a;Yue et al, 2020), it has been shown that the aqTMI was important during some haze periods. Overall, the formation mechanisms of the missing sulfate sources remain unclear and controversial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive observation-based multiphase chemical model analysis of sulfur dioxide oxidations in both summer and winter

Song

et al. 2021

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Sulfate is one of the main components of haze fine particles, and its formation mechanism remains controversial. A lack of detailed and comprehensive field data hinders the accurate evaluation of relative roles of prevailing sulfate formation pathways. Here, we analyzed the sulfate production rates using a state-of-the-art multiphase model constrained to the observed concentrations of transition metal, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, hydrogen peroxide and other important parameters in winter and summer in the North China Plain. Our results showed that aqueous transition metal ion (TMI)-catalyzed oxidation was the most important pathway followed by the surface oxidation of Mn in both winter and summer while the hydroxyl and Criegee radical oxidations contribute significantly in summer. In addition, we also modeled the published cases for the fog and cloud conditions. It is found that nitrogen dioxide oxidation is the dominant pathway for the fog in a higher pH range while hydroperoxide and ozone oxidations dominated for the cloud.

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Secondary aerosol formation in winter haze over the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, China

Cited by 68 publications

References 121 publications

More Significant Impacts From New Particle Formation on Haze Formation During COVID‐19 Lockdown

More Significant Impacts From New Particle Formation on Haze Formation During COVID‐19 Lockdown

Impact of aerosol–radiation interaction on new particle formation

A comprehensive observation-based multiphase chemical model analysis of sulfur dioxide oxidations in both summer and winter

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