Secondary Autochthonous Outbreak of Chikungunya, Southern Italy, 2017

Riccardo, Flavia; Venturi, Giulietta; Luca, Marco Di; Manso, Martina Del; Severini, Francesco; Andrianou, Xanthi; Fortuna, Claudia; Remoli, Maria Elena; Benedetti, Eleonora; Caporali, Maria; Fratto, Francesca; Mignuoli, Anna Domenica; Rizzo, Liliana; Vito, Giuseppe De; Giorgio, Vincenzo De; Surace, Lorenzo; Vairo, Francesco; Angelini, Paola; Re, Maria Carla; Amendola, Antonello; Fiorentini, Cristiano; Marsili, Giulia; Toma, Luciano; Boccolini, Daniela; Romi, Roberto; Pezzotti, Patrizio; Rezza, Giovanni; Rizzo, Caterina

doi:10.3201/eid2511.180949

Cited by 19 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In 2017, infection rates ranged from 100% (day 0) to about 50% (day 3), while transmission rates ranged from 75% (day 3) to 80% (day 14). Interestingly, the transmission efficiency computed as number of [19,20] Confirmed cases 217 270 [19,20] Index case notified yes no [7,9] Spread N primary foci 2 3 [7,19,48] Other municipalities with incident cases 5 16 [7,19,48] Spread to other regions no yes [19,21,48] Spread to other countries no yes [19,21,48 positive saliva/total fed females was almost identical for both viruses, 41% (2007) and 42% (2017) [30].…”

Section: Epidemiological Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second CHIKV outbreak occurred in 2017 and was characterized by 3 main foci (Anzio, Rome, and Guardavalle Marina) in 2 different regions, Lazio (Anzio, Rome) and Calabria (Guardavalle Marina), in central and southern Italy [7,8]. In total, the most updated data report 499 probable cases notified during 2017; of these, 270 were then laboratory-confirmed [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A comparative analysis of the 2007 and 2017 Italian chikungunya outbreaks and implication for public health response

et al. 2020

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Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne infection that is emerging in temperate areas of Europe, following the expansion of one of its vector species, Aedes albopictus. Although CHIKV fever is a self-limiting disease, with a clinical syndrome often resolving within few days, it can also cause severe sequelae, including chronic polyarthralgia lasting up to 5 years. Additionally, CHIKV outbreaks may limit blood bank donations, adding economic burden on the health system. Public health authorities in Europe need to increase their preparedness against this emerging threat. Two large CHIKV outbreaks occurred in Italy in 2007 and 2017, with hundreds of cases and significant geographical spread. The aim of this paper is to review and compare the 2 Italian outbreaks in terms of available estimates of key epidemiological features, patient clinical presentation, virus and immunological characteristics, and public health response. Recommendations for public health and future directions for research are also discussed and highlighted. Key results Both outbreaks started in small towns, but cases were also detected in nearby larger cities where transmission was limited to small clusters. The time spans between the first and the last symptom onsets were similar between the 2 outbreaks, and the delay from the symptom onset of the index case and the first case notified was considerable. Comparable infection and transmission rates were observed in laboratory. The basic reproductive number (R 0) was estimated in the range of 1.8-6 (2007) and 1.5-2.6 (2017). Clinical characteristics were similar between outbreaks, and no acute complications were reported, though a higher frequency of ocular symptoms, myalgia, and rash was observed in 2017. Very little is known about the immune mediator profile of CHIKV-infected patients during the 2 outbreaks. Regarding public health responses, after the 2007 outbreak, the Italian Ministry of Health PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES

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Section: Epidemiological Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative analysis of the 2007 and 2017 Italian chikungunya outbreaks and implication for public health response

et al. 2020

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“…In Finland, CHIKV infections occur only in travelers, reflecting the epidemiological situation in the endemic tropical areas. The continental subarctic climate of Finland is not suitable for the vector species of CHIKV [ 14 ], and consequently, there are no autochthonous cases of CHIKV in Finland, unlike the Mediterranean more precisely Italy and France [ 15 – 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chikungunya virus infections in Finnish travellers 2009-2019

Jääskeläinen

Kareinen

Smura

et al. 2020

Infection Ecology & Epidemiology

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The mosquito-borne chikungunya virus (CHIKV) causes an acute febrile illness with rash, joint and muscle pain.A realtime RT-PCR assay for CHIKV detecting non-structural protein (nsP2; CHIKV nsP2-RT-qPCR) was set up. All the serodiagnosed CHIKV cases detected during 2009-2019 in Finland were screened with the assay, followed by isolations attempts and sequencing using Sanger and next generation sequencing (NGS). To validate the assay external and in-house quality control samples were used and all were correctly identified. Specificity of the assay was 100%. Assay was sensitive to detect CHIKV RNA in dilution of 10-8 .During years 2009-2019 34 patients were diagnosed for acute CHIKV infection. Twelve out of 34 cases were positive by CHIKV nsP2-RT-qPCR.Two CHIKV isolations succeeded from two individuals infected originally in Thailand, 2019. From 12 CHIKV nsP2-RT-qPCR positive samples, five (42%) CHIKVs were successfully sequenced. In this study, CHIKVs from year 2019 clustered with CHIKV ECSA-lineage forming sub-cluster with strains from ones detected in Bangladesh 2017, and the ones from Jamaica (2014) within Asian lineage showing highest similarity to strains detected in Caribbean outbreak 2013-15. Majority of the CHIKV infections detected in Finland originates from Asia and virus lineages reflect the global circulation of the pathogen.

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“…Ae. albopictus has caused outbreaks of chikungunya fever in Italy (Rezza et al, 2007;Riccardo et al, 2019). France, Croatia and Spain have reported autochthonous (i.e., locally acquired) cases of dengue fever linked to established Ae.…”

Section: High Scoring Iasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horizon Scanning to Predict and Prioritize Invasive Alien Species With the Potential to Threaten Human Health and Economies on Cyprus

et al. 2020

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Invasive alien species (IAS) are known to be a major threat to biodiversity and ecosystem function and there is increasing evidence of their impacts on human health and economies globally. We undertook horizon scanning using expert-elicitation to predict arrivals of IAS that could have adverse human health or economic impacts on the island of Cyprus. Three hundred and twenty five IAS comprising 89 plants, 37 freshwater animals, 61 terrestrial invertebrates, 93 terrestrial vertebrates, and 45 marine species, were assessed during a two-day workshop involving 39 participants to derive two ranked lists: (1) IAS with potential human health impacts (20 species ranked within

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Secondary Autochthonous Outbreak of Chikungunya, Southern Italy, 2017

Cited by 19 publications

References 10 publications

A comparative analysis of the 2007 and 2017 Italian chikungunya outbreaks and implication for public health response

A comparative analysis of the 2007 and 2017 Italian chikungunya outbreaks and implication for public health response

Chikungunya virus infections in Finnish travellers 2009-2019

Horizon Scanning to Predict and Prioritize Invasive Alien Species With the Potential to Threaten Human Health and Economies on Cyprus

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