Secondary Caries in situ around Fluoride-Releasing Light-Curing Composites: A Quantitative Model Investigation on Four Materials with a Fluoride Content between 0 and 26 vol%

Abstract

In the literature, secondary caries around composite restorations is reported often. Fluoridated composites are therefore interesting materials because they might reduce or inhibit secondary caries. In this article an in situ model investigation is presented in which the effect of F-releasing composites on enamel demineralisation around an artificial gap of 200 μm width was quantified after 1 month. The fluoride content of the composites varied between 0 and 26 vol%. The beneficial effect of the fluoride released was larger in the gap than at the outer enamel surface. In the gap, all fluoridated composites reduced the enamel demineralisation statistically significantly with respect to the non-fluoridated control. Microradiography showed a reduction of lesion depth values of 27–45%, and a reduction of mineral loss values of 25–56%. At the outer enamel surface next to the artificial gap, a beneficial fluoridation effect was measurable only near the most fluoridated composite. The results indicate that fluoridated composites may play a role in the future prevention of secondary caries.

Fluoride release and recharge abilities of contemporary fluoride-containing restorative materials and dental adhesives

“…Dijkman and Arends 37) found that a monthly cumulative fluoride release of 200-300 μg/cm 2 was sufficient to completely inhibit enamel demineralization. In the present study, Fuji IX GP released a cumulative amount of 283.16 μg/cm 2 of fluoride ions after 30 days.…”

“…In the present study, Fuji IX GP released a cumulative amount of 283.16 μg/cm 2 of fluoride ions after 30 days. Further, Dijkman and Arends 37) suggested that the optimal fluoride concentration range to prevent caries formation at the interface between restoration and tooth tissues should be 5-80 ppm.…”

Comparison of Short-Term in Vitro Fluoride Release and Recharge From Four Different Types of Pit-and-Fissure Sealants

“…However, in this study and many others, examining the release of fluoride ions from pit-and-fissure sealants and fluoride-containing materials has been done in batch systems with distilled water in vitro, resulting in limitations in evaluating the dynamics of fluoride ions emanating from these materials. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the dynamics of fluoride ions under conditions that are the same as the oral environment, for example, through studying pH cycling and the in situ oral system 5) . Ripa 14) suggested that there were limitations with intentionally adding fluoride to dental materials and devices to prevent dental caries from forming or enamel from demineralizing.…”

Microhardness evaluation around composite restorations using fluoride-containing adhesive systems

“…However, secondary caries is still the reason most commonly cited for the replacement of composite restorations 3,9,14 . The deficient marginal adaptation and lack of cavity sealing may allow fluid and bacteria infiltration, leading to caries lesions development in the tooth structure along the restorative interface 20 .…”

“…Thus, approaches that inhibit the ingress of metabolic products of biofilm into the microgap between tooth and restoration, increase resistance to demineralization, and/or facilitate remineralization are of considerable clinical interest 6 . As numerous investigations have shown the ability of fluoride-containing materials to inhibit caries activity around restorations, continuing research into the development of other materials for delivering fluoride in a form that will be effective is ongoing 3,6,9,14,16,18,11,19 . Glass-ionomer and resinmodified glass ionomer cements have been formulated as cavity liners 10,15 .…”