Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry of Polymers: a ToF SIMS Study of Monodispersed PMMA Standards

Leeson, Alistair M.; Alexander, Morgan R.; Short, Robert D.; Briggs, Deg; Hearn, M. J.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9918(199704)25:4<261::aid-sia233>3.0.co;2-k

Cited by 60 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“….) and C x H 2 +Å as well as C x À and C x H À , the second set is related to the substrate, such as Si + [19,20], and those for hydrocarbons are C x H y + , which are not only adsorbed on the surface of graphene, but also migrated from the substrate to the surface. After washing with acetone at 25°C (Figs.…”

Section: Peakmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can also detect extremely small amounts of impurities and provide detailed molecular information of a surface. Methacrylate ion (C 2 H 3 O 2 + ) and methoxy ion (CH 3 O À ) are characteristic ions of PMMA [19,20]. The presence or absence of these ions on a graphene surface can provide a definitive answer as to whether the surface is contaminated with PMMA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clean graphene surface through high temperature annealing

Xie

Weng

et al. 2015

Carbon

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Section: Peakmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clean graphene surface through high temperature annealing

Xie

Weng

et al. 2015

Carbon

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“…In ToF-SIMS, a pulsed, focused, energetic ion beam bombards a surface, leading to interactions that cause the emission of positive and negative secondary ions [33,34]. The instrument used was a reflectron type time-of-flight mass spectrometer, with a design equivalent to that of the 'ToF-SIMS IV'.…”

Section: Time Of Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (Tof-sims)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame treatment of low-density polyethylene: Surface chemistry across the length scales

Song¹,

Gunst

Arlinghaus

et al. 2007

Applied Surface Science

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The relationship between surface chemistry and morphology of flame treated low-density polyethylene (LDPE) was studied by various characterization techniques across different length scales. The chemical composition of the surface was determined on the micrometer scale by Xray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) as well as with time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), while surface wettability was obtained through contact angle (CA) measurements on the millimeter scale. The surface concentration of hydroxyl, carbonyl and carboxyl groups, as a function of the ''number'' of the flame treatment passes (which is proportional to the treatment time) was obtained. Moreover, a correlation was found with chemical composition and polarity, emphasizing the role of oxygen-containing functional groups introduced during the treatment. Carboxyl functional groups were specifically identified by fluorescent labeling and the results were compared with the ToF-SIMS data. In addition, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to evaluate changes in surface topography and roughness on the nanometer to micrometer length scales. After flame treatment, water-soluble low molecular weight oxidized materials (LMWOM), which were generated as products of oxidation and chain scission of the LDPE surface, agglomerated into small topographical mounds that were visible in the AFM micrographs. After rinsing the flame treated samples with water and ethanol, bead-like nodular surface structures were observed. The ionization state of flame treated LDPE surfaces was monitored by chemical force microscopy (CFM). The effective surface pK a values of carboxylic acid (-COOH) obtained by AFM were revealed by chemical force titration curves and the effective surface pK a values were found to be around 6. #

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“…In Figure 4 positive ion molecular depth profiles of the fragments, C 4 H 5 O + , C 3 H 5 O + , and C 8 H 11 O 2 + , diagnostic of the acrylic copolymers included in the S4 coating formulation are presented [30]. It is noted that the shapes of the depth profiles in Below this flow agent layer is a sub-surface layer rich in the acrylic co-polymer included in the S3 and S4 coating formulations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%