Secondary metabolites from hypocrealean entomopathogenic fungi: genomics as a tool to elucidate the encoded parvome

Zhang, Liwen; Yue, Qiulin; Wang, Chen; Xu, Yuquan; Molnár, István

doi:10.1039/d0np00007h

Cited by 30 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…In contrast, we did not find the occurrence of (methyl)glucosylation at any C-OH residue of 15-HT (i.e., the hydroxyl sites 4, 4′, and 15) within the authentic host B. bassiana or in our yeast feeding assays. Even Metarhizium species do not contain the tenS -like 2-pyridone biosynthetic genes ( 49 ); the MrGT1/MrMT1 enzyme pair is also encoded by each species and can convert 15-HT to PMGP. Intriguingly, BbGT1/BbMT1 transgenic yeast cells failed to catalyze the compound farinosone B.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inductive Production of the Iron-Chelating 2-Pyridones Benefits the Producing Fungus To Compete for Diverse Niches

Chen

Sun

et al. 2021

mBio

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inductive Production of the Iron-Chelating 2-Pyridones Benefits the Producing Fungus To Compete for Diverse Niches

Chen

Sun

et al. 2021

mBio

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“…SMs are exemplars of molecules known to have targets in hosts belonging to different kingdoms. A multitude of biosynthetic pathways have been uncovered by Metarhizium genome sequences [ 102 , 190 ]. These include pathways likely responsible for known Metarhizium chemistries (e.g.…”

Section: Traits For Being Multitalentedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…‘zombie ants’ [ 193 ]. Some other pathways in Metarhizium genomes are so unique that the molecules they produce cannot yet be predicted [ 190 ], highlighting both that genome sequencing is an important tool for bioprospecting, and our fragmentary understanding of how SMs are involved in the interactions of these fungi with other organisms [ 102 ]. However, of the known infection-promoting factors, many are toxins that directly target the most conserved cellular components such as the cytoskeleton (e.g.…”

Section: Traits For Being Multitalentedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metarhizium: jack of all trades, master of many

2020

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The genus Metarhizium and Pochonia chlamydosporia comprise a monophyletic clade of highly abundant globally distributed fungi that can transition between long-term beneficial associations with plants to transitory pathogenic associations with frequently encountered protozoans, nematodes or insects. Some very common ‘specialist generalist’ species are adapted to particular soil and plant ecologies, but can overpower a wide spectrum of insects with numerous enzymes and toxins that result from extensive gene duplications made possible by loss of meiosis and associated genome defence mechanisms. These species use parasexuality instead of sex to combine beneficial mutations from separate clonal individuals into one genome (Vicar of Bray dynamics). More weakly endophytic species which kill a narrow range of insects retain sexuality to facilitate host–pathogen coevolution (Red Queen dynamics). Metarhizium species can fit into numerous environments because they are very flexible at the genetic, physiological and ecological levels, providing tractable models to address how new mechanisms for econutritional heterogeneity, host switching and virulence are acquired and relate to diverse sexual life histories and speciation. Many new molecules and functions have been discovered that underpin Metarhizium associations, and have furthered our understanding of the crucial ecology of these fungi in multiple habitats.

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“…Although chemical insecticides have been remarkably effective against agricultural pests and medically important arthropods, these often have problems of insecticide resistance and environmental damage (Naqqash et al, 2016). Therefore, bioinsecticides, such as those produced from entomopathogenic fungi, are rapidly emerging as prime substitutes (Zhang et al, 2020b). Notably, filamentous fungi, a major branch of eukaryotes, emerged during a long evolutionary period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Toxins of Beauveria bassiana and the Strategies to Improve Their Virulence to Insects

Wang

Peng

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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The long-term and excessive usage of pesticides is an enormous burden on the environment, which also increases pest resistance. To overcome this problem, research and application of entomopathogenic fungi, which are both environmentally friendly and cause lower resistance, have gained great momentum. Entomopathogenic fungi have a wide range of prospects. Apart from Bacillus thuringiensis, Beauveria bassiana is the most studied biopesticide. After invading insect hosts, B. bassiana produces a variety of toxins, which are secondary metabolites such as beauvericin, bassianin, bassianolide, beauverolides, tenellin, oosporein, and oxalic acid. These toxins help B. bassiana to parasitize and kill the hosts. This review unequivocally considers beauveria toxins highly promising and summarizes their attack mechanism(s) on the host insect immune system. Genetic engineering strategies to improve toxin principles, genes, or virulent molecules of B. bassiana have also been discussed. Lastly, we discuss the future perspective of Beauveria toxin research, including newly discovered toxins.

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Secondary metabolites from hypocrealean entomopathogenic fungi: genomics as a tool to elucidate the encoded parvome

Abstract: Whole genome sequencing allows the cataloguing of the parvome (secondary metabolome) of hypocrealean entomopathogenic fungi, uncovering biosynthetic gene clusters for known and novel bioactive compounds with ecological and pharmaceutical significance.

Cited by 30 publications

References 96 publications

Inductive Production of the Iron-Chelating 2-Pyridones Benefits the Producing Fungus To Compete for Diverse Niches

Inductive Production of the Iron-Chelating 2-Pyridones Benefits the Producing Fungus To Compete for Diverse Niches

Metarhizium: jack of all trades, master of many

The Toxins of Beauveria bassiana and the Strategies to Improve Their Virulence to Insects

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