Secondary Metabolites from the Endophytic Fungus Fusarium equiseti and Their Antibacterial Activities

Ferroptosis Inhibitory Compounds from the Deep-Sea-Derived Fungus Penicillium sp. MCCC 3A00126

“…By comparison of the NMR and MS data with those published in the literature, 34 known compounds were identified as 13 xanthones: (7R,8R)-α-diversonolic ester (3) [23,24], aspergillusone B (4) [22], 8-hydroxy-6-methyl-9-oxo-9H-xanthene-1-carboxylate (5) [25], yicathin B (6) [26], pinselin (7) [27], sydowinins A (8) and B (9) [28], huperxanthone C (10) [14], 13-O-acetylsydowinin B (11) [29], 8-(methoxycarbonyl)-1-hydroxy-9-oxo-9Hxanthene-3-carboxylic acid (12) [25], huperxanthone A (13) [14], sterigmatocystin (14) [30], 5-methoxysterigmatocystin (15) [31]; six anthraquinones: versicolorin B ( 16) [32], 8-Omethylversicolorin B (17) [33], anthraquinone aversin (18) [34], averufin (19) [35], 6-Omethylaverufin (20) [36], questin (21) [37]; five sesquiteroenoids: (S)-(+)-sydonic acid (22) [38], (S)-(+)-11-dehydrosydonic acid (23) [38], (−)-12-acetoxy-1-deoxysydonic acid (24) [39], (7S,11S)-(+)-12-acetoxysydonic acid (25) [38], (−)-(7R,10R)-iso-10-hydroxysydowic acid (26) [39]; four diphenyl ethers: diorcinol (27) [40], verticilatin (28) The 1 H and 13 C data of 2 showed the presence of two methoxyls, five methines and ten quaternary carbons, which were closely related to those of huperxanthone A (13) [14], except that the sp 2 quaternary carbon at C-7 (δ C 151.1 s) in 13 was changed as an sp 2 methine (δ C 123.1 d) in 2. By detailed analysis of its HSQC (heteronuclear single quantum correlation), 1 H-1 H COSY, HMBC, and NOESY (nuclear Overhauser effect) spectroscopic data, compound 2 was then established as 7-dehydroxyhuperxanthone A.…”

“…By comparison of the NMR and MS data with those published in the literature, 34 known compounds were identified as 13 xanthones: (7R,8R)-α-diversonolic ester (3) [23,24], aspergillusone B (4) [22], 8-hydroxy-6-methyl-9-oxo-9H-xanthene-1-carboxylate (5) [25], yicathin B (6) [26], pinselin (7) [27], sydowinins A (8) and B (9) [28], huperxanthone C (10) [14], 13-O-acetylsydowinin B (11) [29], 8-(methoxycarbonyl)-1-hydroxy-9-oxo-9Hxanthene-3-carboxylic acid (12) [25], huperxanthone A (13) [14], sterigmatocystin (14) [30], 5-methoxysterigmatocystin (15) [31]; six anthraquinones: versicolorin B ( 16) [32], 8-Omethylversicolorin B (17) [33], anthraquinone aversin (18) [34], averufin (19) [35], 6-Omethylaverufin (20) [36], questin (21) [37]; five sesquiteroenoids: (S)-(+)-sydonic acid (22) [38], (S)-(+)-11-dehydrosydonic acid (23) [38], (−)-12-acetoxy-1-deoxysydonic acid (24) [39], (7S,11S)-(+)-12-acetoxysydonic acid (25) [38], (−)-(7R,10R)-iso-10-hydroxysydowic acid (26) [39]; four diphenyl ethers: diorcinol (27) [40], verticilatin (28) [41], (R)-3-((2-(2hydroxypropan-2-yl)-6-methyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-4-yl)oxy)-5-methylphenol (29) [42], (3S)-3,4-dihydro-5-(3-hydroxy-5-methylphenoxy)-2,2,7-trimethyl-2H-chromen-3-ol (30) [43]; one polyketone: 3-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl-2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoate (31) [44]; four indole alkaloids: brevianamide F (32) [45], notoamide I (33) [46], notoamide C (34) …”

Two New Austocystin Analogs from the Marine‐Derived Fungus Aspergillus sp. WHUF05236

“…The skeleton of anthraquinone was produced from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA through a series of complex biosynthesis. [26 -27] The pathway from 6,8,1'-tri-O-methylaverantin (11) to compounds 1 and 2 was presumed…”

“…WHUF05236. Fourteen known compounds (3 -16) were as follows: 6,8-di-O-methylversicolorin A (3), [7] aversin (4), [8] dihydrosterigmatocystin (5), [9] sterigmatocystin (6), [10] 5methoxysterigmatocystin (7), [11] 6,8-di-O-methylaverufin (8), [12] 6,8-di-O-methylnidurufin (9), [13] 8-Omethylaverufin (10), [14] 6,8,1'-tri-O-methylaverantin (11), [15] 6,8-di-O-methylaverantin (12), [16] brevianamide W (13), [17] brevianamide R ( 14), [18] brevianamide Q (15), [19] and brevianamide K (16). [20] Herein, we reported the isolation and structural elucidation of compounds 1 and 2, as well as antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of all the isolates.…”

Bio-guided isolation of potential anti-inflammatory constituents of some endophytes isolated from the leaves of ground cherry (Physalis pruinosa L.) via ex-vivo and in-silico studies

“…The methanolic extracts were then evaporated under reduced pressure. The second method [ 22 ] was used to cultivate Alternaria [ 27 ] and Fusarium [ 28 ] species, which was done by inoculation of the endophytic fungi in potato dextrose broth (PDB) medium (12 g potato dextrose per 500 mL distilled water in a 1 L Erlenmeyer flask (10 flasks for each strain) followed by incubation at 28 °C in a shaker incubator (120 rpm) for 2 weeks. The culture was then extracted using ethyl acetate and then sonicated at 40 ° C for 20 min.…”