Secondary Radio and X-Ray Emissions from Galaxy Mergers

Yuan, Chengchao; Murase, Kohta; Mészáros, P.

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab1f06

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…A cursory review of the literature on the production of neutrinos in galaxy mergers is sufficient to conclude that they can indeed accommodate the observations of both the individual sources discussed above and the total flux of cosmic neutrinos. [ 82–84 ] Besides mergers, some form of structured jet where the accelerated protons collide with a slower moving and denser region of jetted photons is a possibility. The jet could also interact with dense molecular clouds of a star‐forming region or simply with supermassive stars near the central region of the host galaxy.…”

Section: Identifying Neutrino Sources: the Supermassive Black Hole Txs 0506+056mentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Energy Neutrinos from the Cosmos

Halzen

2021

Annalen der Physik

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The IceCube project transformed a cubic kilometer of transparent natural Antarctic ice into a Cherenkov detector. It discovered PeV‐energy neutrinos originating beyond our galaxy with an energy flux that is comparable to that of GeV‐energy gamma rays and EeV‐energy cosmic rays. These neutrinos provide the only unobstructed view of the cosmic accelerators that power the highest energy radiation reaching us from the universe. The results from IceCube's first decade of operations, foremost the measurement of the diffuse neutrino flux from the universe using multiple techniques is reviewed. The multimessenger data that identified the supermassive black hole TXS 0506+056 as a source of cosmic neutrinos is subsequently reviewed and attention is drawn to accumulating indications that cosmic neutrinos are associated with gamma‐ray‐obscured active galaxies, that is, the energy in gamma rays that accompanies cosmic neutrinos emerges at MeV energies, or below. Reaching beyond 10 PeV energy, cosmic neutrinos provide a natural beam to study neutrinos themselves.

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Section: Identifying Neutrino Sources: the Supermassive Black Hole Txs 0506+056mentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Energy Neutrinos from the Cosmos

Halzen

2021

Annalen der Physik

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“…A cursory review of the theoretical literature on the production of neutrinos in galaxy mergers is sufficient to conclude that it can accommodate the observations of both the individual sources discussed above as well as the total flux of cosmic neutrinos [58,59,60].…”

Section: Closing In On the Sources?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmic Neutrinos and the Cosmic-Ray Accelerator TXS 0506+056

Halzen¹

2019

Preprint

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IceCube discovered a flux of cosmic neutrinos originating in extragalactic sources with an energy density close to that in gamma rays and cosmic rays. A multimessenger campaign triggered by the coincident observation of a gamma-ray flare and a 290-TeV IceCube neutrino pinpointed the cosmic-ray accelerator TXS 0506+056. Subsequently, the IceCube archival data revealed a 3-month burst of 13 cosmic neutrinos in 2014-15 that dominates the neutrino flux of the source over the 9.5 years of observations. The original identification of the source as a blazar was puzzling because it requires a major accretion event onto the rotating supermassive black hole to accommodate the neutrino burst. Subsequent high-resolution radio images of the source with the VLBA brought to light a merger of two galaxies, revealed by the interaction of two jets entangled in the source. Recently, the blazar PKS 1502+106 was found in the direction of a 300-TeV neutrino alert, IC-190730. OVRA radio observations at 15 GHz indicate that the neutrino also coincides with the highest flux density of a flare that started five years ago. This matches the similar long-term outburst seen from TXS 0506+056 and may indicate merger activity. Also, the dominant hotspot in the 10-year IceCube neutrino sky map, NGC 1068 (Messier 77), is a Seyfert galaxy undergoing a major accretion event onto the black hole. A few-percent fraction of such special sources, now labeled as gamma-ray blazars, is sufficient to accommodate the diffuse cosmic neutrino flux observed by IceCube. While rapid progress seems likely, the observations also convincingly make the case for the construction of more and larger neutrino telescopes with better angular resolution.

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Section: Closing In On the Sources?mentioning

confidence: 99%

IceCube: A New Window on the Universe

Halzen¹

2019

Acta Phys. Pol. B

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IceCube discovered a flux of cosmic neutrinos originating in extragalactic sources with an energy density close to that in gamma rays and cosmic rays. A multimessenger campaign triggered by the coincident observation of a gamma-ray flare and a 290-TeV IceCube neutrino pinpointed the cosmicray accelerator TXS 0506+056. Subsequently, the IceCube archival data revealed a 3-month burst of 13 cosmic neutrinos in 2014-2015 that dominates the neutrino flux of the source over the 9.5 years of observations. The original identification of the source as a blazar was puzzling because it requires a major accretion event onto the rotating supermassive black hole to accommodate the neutrino burst. Subsequent high-resolution radio images of the source with the VLBA brought to light a merger of two galaxies, revealed by the interaction of two jets entangled in the source. Recently, the blazar PKS 1502+106 was found in the direction of a 300-TeV neutrino alert, IC-190730. OVRA radio observations at 15 GHz indicate that the neutrino also coincides with the highest flux density of a flare that started five years ago. This matches the similar long-term outburst seen from TXS 0506+056 and may indicate merger activity. Also, the dominant hotspot in the 10-year IceCube neutrino sky map, NGC 1068 (Messier 77), is a Seyfert galaxy undergoing a major accretion event onto the black hole. A few-percent fraction of such special sources, now labeled gammaray blazars, is sufficient to accommodate the diffuse cosmic neutrino flux observed by IceCube. While rapid progress seems likely, the observations also convincingly make the case for the construction of more and larger neutrino telescopes with better angular resolution.

show abstract

Secondary Radio and X-Ray Emissions from Galaxy Mergers

Cited by 11 publications

References 79 publications

High‐Energy Neutrinos from the Cosmos

High‐Energy Neutrinos from the Cosmos

Cosmic Neutrinos and the Cosmic-Ray Accelerator TXS 0506+056

IceCube: A New Window on the Universe

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