Secondary traumatic stress in Norwegian SUD-therapists: Symptoms and related factors

Johansen, Ayna B.; Kristiansen, Eva; Bjelland, Ingerid Elgesem; Tavakoli, Shedeh

doi:10.1177/1455072519847014

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…; ztime difference. By careful analysis of the items contained in the two dimensions of C-STSS, it can be found that the first dimension-stress dimension (items 1,4,5,7,8,9,11,15,16,17) mainly describes the influence of STS on helpers' daily life and psychological state (including sleep, mood, concentration, enthusiasm, etc.). And dimension 2-invasion and avoidance dimension (items 2, 3, 6, 10, 12, 13, 14) mainly describe the content related to the trauma victims they help.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validity and Reliability of the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale—Chinese Version

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Surg.

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ObjectivesTo test the validity and reliability of the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale—Chinese version in clinical nurses.MethodsAccording to the translation principles of the Brislin Scale, the original scale was translated, back translated and cross-culturally adapted to form the Chinese version of the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale. Nurses in three general hospitals in Changsha, Hunan province were surveyed by convenient sampling method from July 2020 to September 2021. Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, content validity and criterion validity was used to evaluate the validity of the scale. Internal consistency Cronbach's α coefficient, split-half reliability and test-retest reliability were used to evaluate the reliability of the scale.ResultsA total of 678 nurses were included in the study. There were 460 people in sample 1 and 218 people in sample 2. Two common factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis. The cumulative contribution was 65.560%. The two-factor structure model was good (χ2/df = 3.137, CFI = 0.928, IFI = 0.929, GFI = 0.842, TLI = 0.917, RMSEA = 0.099). The I-CVI of the scale was 0.8–1.0. The S-CVI/Ave was 0.94. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient is 0.956. The broken half reliability is 0.920. The retest reliability is 0.910.ConclusionThis study identified two components of the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale—Chinese version, which has 2 dimensions and 17 items. With good validity and reliability, it is suitable for the assessment of secondary traumatic stress among clinical nurses in the Chinese context.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the past decade, STSS has become the standard tool for assessing STS. It has been used by doctors, nurses, midwives, respiratory therapists, mental health workers and other social workers in many regions (9)(10)(11)(12). It has been translated into Hungarian (13), French (14), German (15), Japanese (16) and other languages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validity and Reliability of the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale—Chinese Version

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Surg.

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“…Many work-related studies have been conducted on STS, which could inform the emergent streams of traumatic stress research in the management literature (Branson, 2019; Molnar et al , 2017). However, in the same way, ASD, PTSD and cPTSD have important differences, STS has its own pattern of symptoms and work-related consequences, including exhaustion and a propensity for job burnout (Figley, 1995; Johansen et al , 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traumatic stress sufferers: work as therapy or trigger?

Williams

2021

MRR

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Purpose While a return to work following trauma exposure can be therapeutic, this is not always so. As with many topics related to traumatic stress in organizations, several contingency factors complicate the effort to draw an overarching conclusion about whether returning to work is therapeutic. The purpose of this paper is to present important determinants of whether work is therapeutic or triggering for those with traumatic stress conditions. The need for contingency approaches in the study of traumatic stress in organizations is illustrated. Design/methodology/approach Literature on traumatic stress in organizations is reviewed. Findings Three of the key determinants of whether a return to work is therapeutic or triggering for traumatic stress sufferers are trauma-type contingencies, condition-type contingencies and work-setting contingencies. For instance, human-caused and task-related traumas are more likely than natural disasters to make a return-to-work triggering. Additionally, the time since developing a traumatic stress condition is inversely related to the degree of improvement in that condition through the experience of working. Moreover, managerial actions can affect how therapeutic an employee’s return to work is. Practical implications These findings suggest the challenges of reintegrating a traumatized employee to the workplace can be highly situation-specific. Careful consideration of the traumatic event suffered by each traumatic stress victim, their traumatic stress condition, and the work setting to which they would return are recommended. Social implications Promoting mental health in organizations can contribute to employers’ social performance. Originality/value Examination of the factors that complicate predicting whether work is therapeutic posttrauma demonstrates how contingency approaches can advance research on trauma in organizations.

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“…Personally, social workers are advised to maintain self-care to reduce the risk of STS (Quinn et al, 2019) and enhance resilience (Johansen et al, 2019). One technique that can be categorized as self-administered selfcare is Self-Induced Unclassified Therapeutic Tremors (SUTT).…”

Section: Based On the Polyvagal Theory Proposed Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Self-Induced Unclassified Therapeutic Tremor for Decreasing Secondary Traumatic Stress among Social Workers

Widarsih¹,

Widyana

Lailatusifah

2021

Jurnal Psikologi

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Secondary traumatic stress symptoms are marked by the emergence of traumatic memories experienced by otherpeople, rejection of the stimulus that triggers traumatic memories, and emotional turmoil. If left untreated, it maylower the quality of service and health of social workers. To lower secondary traumatic stress symptoms, it isnecessary to deliver psychological treatment that can be easily and independently done, is effective and cost-efficient, and universal. As such, Therapeutic Tremor Exercises through Self-Induction are consideredappropriate to respond to this need. This study aims to identify the effect of self-induced unclassified therapeutictremor exercises on reducing secondary traumatic stress levels. This study hypothesizes that there will bedifferences in secondary traumatic stress levels among social workers before and after samples are given self-induced therapeutic tremor exercises. Subjects consisted of female social workers (n = 5) who were indirectlyexposed to traumatic stories of victims for at least 2 hours a week. The study used a single-group pre-post designby comparing secondary trauma stress levels before and after the intervention. The intervention was a one-dayjoint training and 14-day independent training. Wilcoxon’s signed-rank test showed significant differences withZ = -2.023, p = .043, whereby secondary trauma stress levels prior to the intervention (M = 45.4) was higher thanafter the intervention (M = 26.2).

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Secondary traumatic stress in Norwegian SUD-therapists: Symptoms and related factors

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

Validity and Reliability of the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale—Chinese Version

Validity and Reliability of the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale—Chinese Version

Traumatic stress sufferers: work as therapy or trigger?

The Effectiveness of Self-Induced Unclassified Therapeutic Tremor for Decreasing Secondary Traumatic Stress among Social Workers

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