Secondhand Smoking Is Associated With Vascular Inflammation

Adams, Tessa; Wan, Elaine; Wei, Ying; Wahab, Romina; Castagna, F.; Wang, Gang; Emin, Memet; Russo, Cesare; Homma, Shunichi; Jemtel, Thierry H. Le; Jelić, Sanja

doi:10.1378/chest.14-2045

Cited by 38 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Consistently with this, we observed a reduced NO generation along with an inverse correlation between serum sNOX2-dp and FMD, which lead us to hypothesise that Nox2-generated oxidative stress reduces NO bioavailability thus impairing FMD in children exposed to second-hand smoke. This hypothesis is in accordance with Adams et al ,10 who found low brachial FMD coincidentally with reduced NO bioavailability in subjects exposed to passive smoking.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Role of NADPH oxidase-2 and oxidative stress in children exposed to passive smoking

Loffredo

Zicari

Occasi

et al. 2018

Thorax

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This study explored oxidative stress, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-2 (Nox2) activity and endothelial function in children exposed or not to passive smoking. Compared with controls (n=57), Nox2 activity and isoprostanes were higher in children exposed to passive smoking (n=57); conversely, nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and flow-mediated dilation were lower in children exposed to passive smoking. A bivariate analysis showed that Nox2 activity correlated with flow-mediated dilation, NO bioavailability and isoprostanes. A multivariate analysis showed that Nox2 activity was significantly associated with serum isoprostanes and cotinine levels; flow-mediated dilation was associated with isoprostanes and carotid intima-media thickness.In children exposed to passive smoking, Nox2-derived oxidative stress is upregulated and inversely associated with impaired artery dilation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Role of NADPH oxidase-2 and oxidative stress in children exposed to passive smoking

Loffredo

Zicari

Occasi

et al. 2018

Thorax

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“…Nicotine exposure induced a negative mood and decreased mobility in rats [28]. Another biological mechanism that may link SHSE to depression is chronic inflammation [29, 30]. Many studies have proposed that activation of inflammatory cytokines plays a role in the development of depression [31–34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Depressive Symptoms among Korean Adolescents: JS High School Study

Kim¹,

Park

Choi

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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IntroductionIncreasing evidence suggests that secondhand smoke exposure (SHSE) may affect not only physical health, but also mental health. Therefore, we evaluated the association between SHSE and depressive symptoms among Korean adolescents.MethodsThe JS High School Study enrolled 1071 high school freshmen from a rural community of South Korea. The current analysis was limited to 989 adolescents (495 male and 494 female adolescents), after excluding 48 ever-smokers, 3 students with physician-diagnosed depression, and 31 students who did not complete the depression questionnaire. SHSE was assessed using a self-reported questionnaire and was classified into three groups: none, occasional exposure, and regular exposure. Depressive symptoms were assessed according to the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) score, ranging from 0 to 63, and the presence of depressive symptoms was defined as a BDI score ≥10.ResultsOverall, adolescents with SHSE were more likely to have depressive symptoms than those without SHSE (p = 0.042).In a sex-specific analysis treating the BDI score as a continuous variable, regular SHSE was independently associated with higher BDI scores in male adolescents (β = 2.25, p = 0.026), but not in female adolescents (β = 1.11, p = 0.253). Compared to no SHSE, the odds ratio for having depressive symptoms among male adolescents with regular SHSE was 2.17 (95% confidence interval, 1.11 to 4.25) after adjusting for age, body mass index, and study year, and 3.65 (95% confidence interval, 1.52 to 8.73) after adjusting for age, body mass index, study year, exercise, and household income.ConclusionRegular exposure to secondhand smoke was associated with having depressive symptoms among Korean male adolescents.

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“…For example, TSE, including secondhand smoke, is known to increase pro-inflammatory mediators, up-regulate cellular adhesion factors, damage platelets and endothelium [59,60,61,62], and increase hemolysis of red blood cells [62,63,64,65], all of which contribute to SCD vaso-occlusion and end-organ complications [66]. Hemolysis and free hemoglobin released from lysed red blood cells have also been associated with SCD morbidity and end-organ complications, such as pulmonary hypertension [67].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondhand Smoke Is an Important Modifiable Risk Factor in Sickle Cell Disease: A Review of the Current Literature and Areas for Future Research

Sadreameli¹,

Kopp

Creary

et al. 2016

IJERPH

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Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal recessive hemoglobinopathy that causes significant morbidity and mortality related to chronic hemolytic anemia, vaso-occlusion, and resultant end-organ damage. Tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) through secondhand smoke exposure in people with SCD of all ages and through primary smoking in adolescents and adults is associated with significantly increased morbidity, with increased rates of emergency department visits and hospitalizations for painful vaso-occlusive crises and acute chest syndrome (ACS). Secondhand smoke is also associated with pulmonary function abnormalities in children with SCD who are already at risk for pulmonary function abnormalities on the basis of SCD. TSE is emerging as one of the few modifiable risk factors of SCD. This review discusses the current state of the evidence with respect to TSE and SCD morbidity, discusses potential mechanisms, and highlights current gaps in the evidence and future research directions.

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Secondhand Smoking Is Associated With Vascular Inflammation

Cited by 38 publications

References 37 publications

Role of NADPH oxidase-2 and oxidative stress in children exposed to passive smoking

Role of NADPH oxidase-2 and oxidative stress in children exposed to passive smoking

Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Depressive Symptoms among Korean Adolescents: JS High School Study

Secondhand Smoke Is an Important Modifiable Risk Factor in Sickle Cell Disease: A Review of the Current Literature and Areas for Future Research

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