Secretion and Excretion of Immunoglobulin A to Cecum and Feces Differ with Type of Indigestible Sacchrides.

Kudoh, Keita; Shimizu, Jun; Ishiyama, Aki; Wada, Masahiro; Takita, Toshichika; Kanke, Yusuke; Innami, Satoshi

doi:10.3177/jnsv.45.173

Cited by 76 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…These findings are consistent with a previous report in which the consumption of indigestible carbohydrates induced fermentation in the cecum (24), which has been shown to positively affect microbial composition and immune responses in the large intestine of rats (17). The upregulation of IgA secretion in the cecum is caused by various antigens, such as bacterial cell wall constituents or decomposed and fermented products of indigestible carbohydrates, generated as a result of increased fermentation by intestinal microflora (25). In addition, colonic bacterial fermentation of carbohydrates, such as PDX and lactitol, produces organic acids, mainly SCFAs, and gas (CO 2 and hydrogen) (15,26).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Continuous combined intake of polydextrose and lactitol stimulates cecal fermentation and salivary IgA secretion in rats

et al. 2017

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Immunoglobulin A (IgA), which plays an important role in infection defense, is upregulated in the large intestine and oral cavity through dietary fiber intake. However, the mechanism underlying salivary IgA increase through dietary fiber intake remains unknown. This study investigated timedependent effects of non-absorbable polydextrose (PDX) and lactitol intake on salivary IgA secretion and cecal fermentation. Five-week-old rats were fed a fiber-free diet with or without 25 g/kg PDX and 25 g/ kg lactitol for 1, 4, and 8 weeks. Compared to control, those who ingested PDX and lactitol had higher salivary IgA flow rates per weight of submandibular gland tissue at 4 and 8 weeks (P < 0.05), greater cecal weight and digesta at 1, 4, and 8 weeks (P < 0.05), and lower concentrations of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in cecal digesta (P = 0.0003). These findings suggest that the consumption of PDX and lactitol may upregulate salivary IgA secretion possibly by stimulating absorption of SCFAs produced by cecal fermentation. Thus, continuous ingestion of PDX and lactitol for up to 4 weeks could increase salivary IgA and promote immune defense against pathogen invasion through the oral route.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Continuous combined intake of polydextrose and lactitol stimulates cecal fermentation and salivary IgA secretion in rats

et al. 2017

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“…The serum IgA level was significantly lower in rats fed the curcumin-supplemented diet than in those fed the control diet (Table 2). It has been reported that the decrease of serum IgA might be due to a lesser burden on the whole body immunity by the activation of intestinal immune responses ( 24 ), which is consistent with the results of the present study. Our results also indicated that dietary curcumin did not affect serum levels of IgE or IgG, suggesting that the effect of curcumin might be specific for IgA.…”

supporting

confidence: 93%

Consumption of Curcumin Elevates Fecal Immunoglobulin A, an Index of Intestinal Immune Function, in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet

Okazaki

Han

Kayahara

et al. 2010

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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SummaryThis study was conducted to elucidate the effects of dietary polyphenols on intestinal immunoglobulin A (IgA) response and mucin levels in rats fed a high-fat diet. In experiment 1, rats were fed a high-fat diet with or without several polyphenols including curcumin, rutin, D( ϩ )-catechin, ellagic acid and quercetin at the level of 0.5%. Among the polyphenols examined, consumption of curcumin markedly elevated the level of IgA in feces and colon contents. In experiment 2, rats were fed a high-fat diet or a low-fat diet with or without 0.5% curcumin. Fecal level of IgA was higher in the high-fat diet group than in the low-fat diet group. In the rats fed the high-fat diet, dietary curcumin elevated fecal IgA, but not in those fed the low-fat diet. These results imply a novel effect of curcumin on intestinal IgA in animals fed a high-fat diet.

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“…As shown in Table 6, the average plasma IgA concentration was not significantly higher in the AR than in the MR pups. The plasma IgA concentration of AR pups in our experiment was approximately one third that at 4 wk of age of Sprague-Dawley rats (31). These results would indicate that the mucosal IgA levels in the intestine of AR pups might not be high enough to prevent adhesion or translocation of intestinal bacteria compared with the levels in MR pups given IgA-rich breast milk.…”

mentioning

confidence: 63%

Intestinal Adherent Bacteria and Bacterial Translocation in Breast-Fed and Formula-Fed Rats in Relation to Susceptibility to Infection

et al. 2003

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The barrier function of the intestinal mucosa is immature in the newborn mammal, and is strengthened by breast milk. We investigated this effect of breast milk by comparing the susceptibility to infection assessed in terms of adherent bacterial colonization of the intestinal tissue (AdC) and bacterial translocation (BT) between breast-fed and formula-fed newborn rats. Threeday-old rat pups were assigned to one of three groups: motherreared (MR), pseudo-cannulated (sham), and artificially reared (AR). AR rats were infused with formula through an intragastric cannula, under the control of a computer-regulated pumping machine. MR and sham rat pups were reared with their respective dams and received breast milk until weaning in a specially designed cage. In 10-d-old rats, there was no significant difference in the fecal or cecal flora between the AR and MR groups, whereas the AdC and the BT to the liver were greater in the AR than MR group. Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcus and/or Enterococcus, and Staphylococcus were dominantly detected as microorganisms in AdC flora and BT. The AdC flora did not directly reflect the bacterial colonization flora. These findings suggest that AR rat pups mature normally, although there is a greater colonization of Enterobacteriaceae and BT in AR than MR pups. Consequently, the intestinal barrier function of the pups reared by artificial feeding may become susceptible to BT, and AdC may be more indicative than bacterial colonization of the susceptibility to BT. Recent advances in the quality of infant formulas have increased their similarity to human breast milk. Moreover, there are no major differences in the physical appearance of breast-fed and formula-fed infants. However, breast-fed infants have a lower morbidity and mortality than formula-fed infants. Studies have demonstrated significant infant protection against diarrhea, respiratory tract infections, otitis media, bacteremia, bacterial meningitis, botulism, urinary tract infections, necrotizing enterocolitis, and other diseases while the infant is receiving breast milk (1-5). There is also good evidence of continued protection against these medical conditions for years after breast-feeding has terminated (1, 6 -11).We previously reported in a rat study that BT to the liver was greater in formula-fed AR rat pups than in breast-fed rat pups (12). It was suggested that the outcome is the result of a difference in the intestinal microflora and maturation of the intestinal mucosa.There are reports on the development of the intestinal microflora in newborn animals, and studies have compared the intestinal microflora of breast-fed and formula-fed newborns. However, few reports have examined the role of the intestinal microflora and adherent bacteria in relation to infectious risks to the newborn during the suckling and weaning periods. In aerobic fecal microflora in human milk-fed and formula-fed infants in the intensive care unit, Staphylococcus was most dominantly detected at greater than 60% (13). There have been many studies abo...

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Secretion and Excretion of Immunoglobulin A to Cecum and Feces Differ with Type of Indigestible Sacchrides.

Cited by 76 publications

References 22 publications

Continuous combined intake of polydextrose and lactitol stimulates cecal fermentation and salivary IgA secretion in rats

Continuous combined intake of polydextrose and lactitol stimulates cecal fermentation and salivary IgA secretion in rats

Consumption of Curcumin Elevates Fecal Immunoglobulin A, an Index of Intestinal Immune Function, in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet

Intestinal Adherent Bacteria and Bacterial Translocation in Breast-Fed and Formula-Fed Rats in Relation to Susceptibility to Infection

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