Secretion of ACTH by Isolated Anterior Pituitary Cells: Kinetics of Stimulation by Corticotropin-Releasing Factor and of Inhibition by Corticosterone<sup>1</sup>

Sayers, George; Portanova, Ronald; Fugo, N. W.

doi:10.1210/endo-94-6-1723

Cited by 60 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…In any case, the human fetal pituitary has the capacity to respond to stress stimuli in utero by the beginning of the second trimester of pregnancy. As previously reported (1,2,8,15,16,(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)32), the responses to stress stimuli consist mainly of regulation ofACTH secretion by CRF and AVP and feedback by adrenal glucocorticoids. Our studies in the human fetus demonstrate that the capacity for all of these responses exists at or before 14 wk of intrauterine life.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 54%

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Hypophysiotropic and neuromodulatory regulation of adrenocorticotropin in the human fetal pituitary gland.

Blumenfeld¹,

Jaffe²

1986

J. Clin. Invest.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…epinephrine (20) have been identified in adenohypophyseal tissue. A variety of in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that the action of CRF may be modulated by glucocorticoids (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28), catecholamines (23,29), neurohypophyseal peptides (21,23,(30)(31)(32), prostaglandins (33), and other substances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypophysiotropic and neuromodulatory regulation of adrenocorticotropin in the human fetal pituitary gland.

Blumenfeld¹,

Jaffe²

1986

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…These results suggest that hydrocortisone inhibits ACTH secretion by acting on adenoma cells of these patients. The site of corticosteroid-feedback control of ACTH in men has not been clarified, but a number of studies hitherto obtained in experimental animals favor the pituitary level (36)(37)(38)(39). In fact, ACTH secretion from cultured normal human corticotrophs was markedly suppressed by hydrocortisone at the lower concentration (0.1 ,M).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct effects of thyrotropin-releasing hormone, cyproheptadine, and dopamine on adrenocorticotropin secretion from human corticotroph adenoma cells in vitro.

Ishibashi¹,

Yamaji²

1981

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T In an attempt to delineate the mechanism and the site of action of cyproheptadine and dopaminergic agonists as well as hormones including thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and hydrocortisone, the effects of these substances on ACTH secretion from corticotroph adenoma cells in culture were examined. Dispersed cells of pituitary adenomas obtained at surgery from four patients with Nelson's syndrome and one subject with Cushing's disease formed a monolayer and actively secreted ACTH into the medium. When TRH (0.1,UM) was added to the medium, a significant increase in ACTH secretion was demonstrated by adenoma cells from two patients who responded to TRH preoperatively. Moreover, a doseresponse relationship between TRH concentrations and ACTH secretion was observed. Incubation of cells with cyproheptadine (1 or 0.1 ,uM) resulted in a significant decrease in ACTH release, and inhibited stimulation produced by TRH in one experiment. This effect of cyproheptadine was blocked when equimolar concentrations of serotonin was coincubated, whereas serotonin by itself did not affect ACTH secretion. Dopamine (0.1 ,uM) lowered ACTH accumulation in the medium, which was blocked by the addition of haloperidol. When hydrocortisone was added to the culture, dose-dependent suppression of ACTH secretion was demonstrated. TRH at an equimolar concentration reversed this effect, but, failed to overcome the inhibition induced by a higher concentration of hydrocortisone in cells from one adenoma studied. Cultured normal corticotrophs obtained from a patientThis work was presented in part at the Sixth International

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“…Dispersed pituitary cells incubated with GCs for 4 h inhibits CRH-induced release of AcrH (Sayers and Portanova, 1974), but not the synthesis of ACIH (Arimura et al, 1969). This inhibition requires DNA-dependent RNA synthesis (transcription) and protein synthesis (translation), as preincubation with actinomycin 0 or cycloheximide, respectively, block GC·mediated inhibition of stimulated ACTH release (Arimura et al, 1969).…”

Section: Negative Feedbackmentioning

confidence: 98%

Variations in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Response to Stress during the Estrous Cycle in the Rat

1991

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ABSTRACfTo investigate the role of gonadal steroids in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) response to stress, we studied adrenocorticotrophin (ACIlI) and corticosterone (B) responses to 20 min re~traint stress in cycling female rats, and in ovariectomized (OVX) rats replaced with physiologicallevels of estradiol (E2) and progestefCIne (P). In cycling rats, we found significantly iligher peak ACfH (p < 0.01) and B (p < 0.05) responses to stress during proestrous compared to the estrous and diestrous phases. No differences were found in either basal ACIH and B levels across the cycle phases. In a seperate study, OVX rats were rnaintained on low, physiologicallevels ofE2 and P with silas tic implants for three days, and injected either with oil (0'), 10 ug of E2 (E') 24 h befon' stress testing, or with E2 and 500 ug P 24 h and 4 h, respectively, prior to stress (EP'). These treatments mimicked endogenous profiles of E2 and P occurine during diestrous, proestrous, and late proestrous-early estrous phases, respectively. In response to stress, ACfH levels were higher (p < 0.01) in the E' group compared to the EP' and 0' groups. Although the peak B response was similar in aIl groups, the E' and EP' groups secreted more B following the termination of stress than did the 0' group. Within the 20 min stress period, ACfH levels in the E' group were significantly (p < 0.05) higher at 5, 10, and 15 min after the onser of stress, compared to the EP' and 0' groups. Plasma B levels were significantly higher in the E' group at 5 and 10 min (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively) compared to the EP' and 0' group. B-endorphin-like immunoreactive responses to restraint stress were aiso significanùy higher in the E' group compared to the EP' (p < 0.05) and 0' (p < 0.01) groups. There was no effect of E2 on ACfH clearance. These results indicate that the HPA axis in the femate rat is most 11 sensitive to stress during proestrous. Such enhanced HPA responses to stre~,s are limitcd to the early portion of proestrous, as progesterone appears to inhibit the tacilitatory effects of estrogen on ACTH release during stress. Taken together. these results suggest an ovarian influence on both activatonal and inhibitory components of HPA activity.Nous avons investi gué le rôle des stéroides ovariens dans la réponse de l'axe hypothalamo-hypophyso-surrénalien (HPA) aux stress. Pour ceci, la réponse de

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Secretion of ACTH by Isolated Anterior Pituitary Cells: Kinetics of Stimulation by Corticotropin-Releasing Factor and of Inhibition by Corticosterone¹

Cited by 60 publications

References 0 publications

Hypophysiotropic and neuromodulatory regulation of adrenocorticotropin in the human fetal pituitary gland.

Hypophysiotropic and neuromodulatory regulation of adrenocorticotropin in the human fetal pituitary gland.

Direct effects of thyrotropin-releasing hormone, cyproheptadine, and dopamine on adrenocorticotropin secretion from human corticotroph adenoma cells in vitro.

Variations in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Response to Stress during the Estrous Cycle in the Rat

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Secretion of ACTH by Isolated Anterior Pituitary Cells: Kinetics of Stimulation by Corticotropin-Releasing Factor and of Inhibition by Corticosterone1

Cited by 60 publications

References 0 publications

Hypophysiotropic and neuromodulatory regulation of adrenocorticotropin in the human fetal pituitary gland.

Hypophysiotropic and neuromodulatory regulation of adrenocorticotropin in the human fetal pituitary gland.

Direct effects of thyrotropin-releasing hormone, cyproheptadine, and dopamine on adrenocorticotropin secretion from human corticotroph adenoma cells in vitro.

Variations in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Response to Stress during the Estrous Cycle in the Rat

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Secretion of ACTH by Isolated Anterior Pituitary Cells: Kinetics of Stimulation by Corticotropin-Releasing Factor and of Inhibition by Corticosterone¹