Secretion Rate and Metabolic Clearance Rate of Prolactin in the Rat During Mid- And Late Lactation

Grosvenor, Clark E.; Whitworth, Neil S.

doi:10.1677/joe.0.0820409

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…However, the present results indicate that the metabolic half-life of prolactin in the plasma is similar in early, mid-and late lactation. This is in accordance with a study by Grosvenor and Whitworth [1979] who found a simi lar half-life for prolactin in mid-and late lac tation. From the foregoing it does not seem likely that the decreased response of plasma prolactin to suckling in advancing lactation is caused either by a reduced suckling stimulus of pups, or by an increased clearance of pro lactin from the circulation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This suggestion is not supported by the results of experiments in which at later stages of lacta tion the litters were replaced by younger fos ter pups [Mattheij et al. 1979;Selmanoff and Wise, 1981;Grosvenor and Whitworth, 1979]. An alternative interpretation is that the capacity of the pituitary to synthesize and/or secrete prolactin depends on the lacta tional age of the dam.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Response of Plasma Prolactin to Suckling during Normal and Prolonged Lactation in the Rat

Mattheij

Swarts

Verstijnen³

1984

Horm Res

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In dams which had been kept isolated from pups for 8–10 h, the magnitude of the suckling-induced prolactin rise in the plasma was studied in relation to intensity of suckling stimulus and lactational age of the mother. At midlactation the response of prolactin evoked by suckling was enhanced as litter size increased. Suckling of 2 pups induced a greater prolactin rise in dams adjusted to 2 pups than in dams adjusted to 8 pups. Suckling of 8 pups caused a greater prolactin rise in dams which had been adjusted to an 8-pup litter, than in rats with a 2-pup litter. At late and prolonged lactation the rise of prolactin in the plasma induced by the suckling stimulus of 8 pups was significantly lower than at midlactation. Injection of perphenazine after a period of suckling induced a moderate increase of plasma prolactin in dams at midlactation, and a similar increase in dams at late lactation and at day 42 of lactation. It is concluded that in the first half of lactation the number of pups, i.e. the intensity of the suckling stimulus, is an important factor in determining the magnitude of the prolactin response to suckling. The lower response of plasma prolactin to suckling in late lactation is neither caused by a decrease in suckling stimulus from the pups nor by an increase in prolactin clearance; it is probably due to a gradual reduction in prolactin synthesizing and releasing capacity of the pituitary, brought on by a desensitization of the neural or neuroendocrine system to suckling stimuli as lactation proceeds.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Response of Plasma Prolactin to Suckling during Normal and Prolonged Lactation in the Rat

Mattheij

Swarts

Verstijnen³

1984

Horm Res

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“…The appropriate dose will probably also be affected by a number of other factors, including the route of administration (oral versus systemic or subcutaneous injection), the number of offspring being nursed (intensity of suckling and other exteroceptive stimulation), and the stage in lactation when it is applied [since prolactin secretion in response to suckling may be reduced in the later stages of lactation (Grosvenor & Whitworth, 1979)l. Furthermore, the experimenter must consider whether complete or partial suppression of lactation is most appropriate.…”

Section: Dose and Administrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The lactation–blocking drug bromocriptine and its application to studies of weaning and behavioral development

Martin

Bateson

1982

Developmental Psychobiology

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An experimental method for blocking maternal lactation is reviewed and the possible application of this technique for experimentally manipulating weaning is considered. Maternal milk production can be inhibited using the prolactin-suppressing drug bromocriptine. The suitability of bromocriptine for use in behavioural experiments is considered. The pharmacology of bromocriptine (CB 154) is briefly outlined and a compilation of the reported lactation-inhibiting doses for various species is presented. The possible endocrine and behavioral side-effects and the toxicity of the drug are discussed. It is concluded that, in most species studied so far, the drug is relatively free from significant side-effects at the low doses needed to suppress lactation. Guidelines for the practical use of bromocriptine are suggested. Finally, some ideas about the possible application of the drug to the study of behavioral development and parent-offspring relationships are discussed.

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“…To study the effect of lactation, we focused on the timing of changes in prolactin and oxytocin, as they both are the major hormones during this period. Prolactin is known to be at its highest level on PP13 and to decrease thereafter in lactating rats [ 15 ]. On the other hand, intracerebral oxytocin is constantly maintained at a high level as long as rats receive nipple suckling stimulation [ 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive experience modified dendritic spines on cortical pyramidal neurons to enhance sensory perception and spatial learning in rats

et al. 2017

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Behavioral adaptations during motherhood are aimed at increasing reproductive success. Alterations of hormones during motherhood could trigger brain morphological changes to underlie behavioral alterations. Here we investigated whether motherhood changes a rat’s sensory perception and spatial memory in conjunction with cortical neuronal structural changes. Female rats of different statuses, including virgin, pregnant, lactating, and primiparous rats were studied. Behavioral test showed that the lactating rats were most sensitive to heat, while rats with motherhood and reproduction experience outperformed virgin rats in a water maze task. By intracellular dye injection and computer-assisted 3-dimensional reconstruction, the dendritic arbors and spines of the layer III and V pyramidal neurons of the somatosensory cortex and CA1 hippocampal pyramidal neurons were revealed for closer analysis. The results showed that motherhood and reproductive experience increased dendritic spines but not arbors or the lengths of the layer III and V pyramidal neurons of the somatosensory cortex and CA1 hippocampal pyramidal neurons. In addition, lactating rats had a higher incidence of spines than pregnant or primiparous rats. The increase of dendritic spines was coupled with increased expression of the glutamatergic postsynaptic marker protein (PSD-95), especially in lactating rats. On the basis of the present results, it is concluded that motherhood enhanced rat sensory perception and spatial memory and was accompanied by increases in dendritic spines on output neurons of the somatosensory cortex and CA1 hippocampus. The effect was sustained for at least 6 weeks after the weaning of the pups.

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Secretion Rate and Metabolic Clearance Rate of Prolactin in the Rat During Mid- And Late Lactation

Cited by 19 publications

References 16 publications

The Response of Plasma Prolactin to Suckling during Normal and Prolonged Lactation in the Rat

The Response of Plasma Prolactin to Suckling during Normal and Prolonged Lactation in the Rat

The lactation–blocking drug bromocriptine and its application to studies of weaning and behavioral development

Reproductive experience modified dendritic spines on cortical pyramidal neurons to enhance sensory perception and spatial learning in rats

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