Secretome Analysis of Macrophomina phaseolina Identifies an Array of Putative Virulence Factors Responsible for Charcoal Rot Disease in Plants

Sinha, Nilanjan; Patra, Sourav Kumar; Ghosh, Supurna

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.847832

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…It is well known that herbivores rely on microorganisms living in their gastrointestinal tract to e ciently digest their bre-rich diets [54][55]. The plant cell wall polysaccharides that make up the bulk of this bre represent a potentially rich source of carbon [30] Plant cell walls are mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, and lignin [70][71]. Cellulose is the most abundant of these plant cell wall polysaccharides [72], and its crystal structure makes it one of the most di cult substances to hydrolyse [73].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural foraging selection and gut microecology of two subterranean rodents from the Eurasian Steppe in China

Sz,

Fu,

Yuan

et al. 2024

Preprint

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As the most abundant group of mammals, rodents possess a very rich ecotype, which makes them ideal for studying the relationship between diet and host gut microecology. Zokors are specialized herbivorous rodents adapted to living underground. Unlike more generalized herbivorous rodents, they feed on the underground parts of grassland plants. There are two species of the genus Myospalax in the Eurasian steppes in China: one is Myospalax psilurus, which inhabits meadow grasslands and forest edge areas, and the other is M. aspalax, which inhabits typical grassland areas. How are the dietary choices of the two species adapted to long-term subterranean life, and what is the relationship of this diet with gut microbes? Are there unique indicator genera for their gut microbial communities? Relevant factors such as the ability of both species to degrade cellulose are not yet clear. In this study, we analysed the gut bacterial communities and diet composition of two species of zokors using 16S amplicon technology combined with macro-barcoding technology. We found that the diversity of gut microbial bacterial communities in M. psilurus was significantly higher than that in M. aspalax and that the two species of zokors possessed different gut bacterial indicator genera. Based on the results of Mantel analyses, the gut bacterial community of M. aspalax showed a significant positive correlation with the creeping-rooted type food, and there was a complementary relationship between the axis root type food and the rhizome type food dominated (containing bulb types and tuberous root types) food groups. Functional prediction based on KEGG found that M. psilurus possessed a stronger degradation ability in the same cellulose degradation pathway. Neutral modelling results showed that the gut flora of the M. psilurus has a wider ecological niche compared to that of the M. aspalax. This provides a new perspective for understanding how rodents living underground in grassland areas respond to changes in food conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural foraging selection and gut microecology of two subterranean rodents from the Eurasian Steppe in China

Sz,

Fu,

Yuan

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…(2022) revealed a network of proteins that could be classified by their function including growth and reproduction, stress tolerance and virulence, nutrient synthesis, transcription and translation regulation, and more. Sinha et al. (2022) identified 117 proteins in the M. phaseolina secretome isolated from wheat bran samples, including cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs) and proteases which are vital for breaching plant defense mechanisms.…”

Section: Phaseolina ’S Toolkit For Pathogenicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular interactions between the soilborne pathogenic fungus Macrophomina phaseolina and its host plants

Shirai,

Eulgem

2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Mentioned for the first time in an article 1971, the occurrence of the term “Macrophomina phaseolina” has experienced a steep increase in the scientific literature over the past 15 years. Concurrently, incidences of M. phaseolina-caused crop diseases have been getting more frequent. The high levels of diversity and plasticity observed for M. phasolina genomes along with a rich equipment of plant cell wall degrading enzymes, secondary metabolites and putative virulence effectors as well as the unusual longevity of microsclerotia, their asexual reproduction structures, make this pathogen very difficult to control and crop protection against it very challenging. During the past years several studies have emerged reporting on host defense measures against M. phaseolina, as well as mechanisms of pathogenicity employed by this fungal pathogen. While most of these studies have been performed in crop systems, such as soybean or sesame, recently interactions of M. phaseolina with the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana have been described. Collectively, results from various studies are hinting at a complex infection cycle of M. phaseolina, which exhibits an early biotrophic phase and switches to necrotrophy at later time points during the infection process. Consequently, responses of the hosts are complex and seem coordinated by multiple defense-associated phytohormones. However, at this point no robust and strong host defense mechanism against M. phaseolina has been described.

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“…As a plant pathogen, N. parvum uses its host as a nutrient source and for that the carbohydrate-degrading enzymes are essential (Figure 4). Although there are very few secretomes of Botryosphaeriaceae fungi available, data shows that the trend is similar with a major component of the secretomes being carbohydrate-related enzymes [30,31,60,61]. Botryosphaeriaceae species can shift between a pathogenic and non-pathogenic lifestyle when triggered (by conditions not yet fully understood) and therefore the characterization of the secretomes under controlled in vitro conditions is of the utmost relevance to understanding the nature of these organisms.…”

Section: Proteins Involved In Carbohydrate Metabolic Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Secretome of the Fungal Plant Pathogen Neofusicoccum parvum Induced by In Vitro Host Mimicry

Pour

Pedrosa

Oliveira

et al. 2022

JoF

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Neofusicoccum parvum is a fungal plant pathogen of a wide range of hosts but knowledge about the virulence factors of N. parvum and host–pathogen interactions is rather limited. The molecules involved in the interaction between N. parvum and Eucalyptus are mostly unknown, so we used a multi-omics approach to understand pathogen–host interactions. We present the first comprehensive characterization of the in vitro secretome of N. parvum and a prediction of protein–protein interactions using a dry-lab non-targeted interactomics strategy. We used LC-MS to identify N. parvum protein profiles, resulting in the identification of over 400 proteins, from which 117 had a different abundance in the presence of the Eucalyptus stem. Most of the more abundant proteins under host mimicry are involved in plant cell wall degradation (targeting pectin and hemicellulose) consistent with pathogen growth on a plant host. Other proteins identified are involved in adhesion to host tissues, penetration, pathogenesis, or reactive oxygen species generation, involving ribonuclease/ribotoxin domains, putative ricin B lectins, and necrosis elicitors. The overexpression of chitosan synthesis proteins during interaction with the Eucalyptus stem reinforces the hypothesis of an infection strategy involving pathogen masking to avoid host defenses. Neofusicoccum parvum has the molecular apparatus to colonize the host but also actively feed on its living cells and induce necrosis suggesting that this species has a hemibiotrophic lifestyle.

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Secretome Analysis of Macrophomina phaseolina Identifies an Array of Putative Virulence Factors Responsible for Charcoal Rot Disease in Plants

Cited by 16 publications

References 65 publications

Natural foraging selection and gut microecology of two subterranean rodents from the Eurasian Steppe in China

Natural foraging selection and gut microecology of two subterranean rodents from the Eurasian Steppe in China

Molecular interactions between the soilborne pathogenic fungus Macrophomina phaseolina and its host plants

Unveiling the Secretome of the Fungal Plant Pathogen Neofusicoccum parvum Induced by In Vitro Host Mimicry

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